形容词及副词

形容词和副词第一讲形容词形容词的定义：形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质，状态，和特征。二、 形容词的用法：•★1.作定语，一般放在名词之前,不定代词something，anything，nothing，everything等之后。eg.It’sasunnydaytoday/Shehasaredcoat.她有一件红色的外套。Wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink？ 你想喝点热饮料吗？我有重要的事要告诉你: 2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。系动词「be动词；am/isarewas/were感官动词：look/taste/sound/smell/feelL变化动词;become/get/turn/goeg.Helookshappytoday.Ifeelverytiredafterplayingfootball.形容词用作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后常用句型make/think/find/keep...+宾语+ 形容词。eg.Don’tkeepthedooropen./Hissuccessmadehimhappy.某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。常见的形容词有：good/bad,rich/poor,young/old,deaf/blind,black/whiteliving/dead等。eg.Theoldoftenthinkofoldthings.老年人经常回想往事。Thenewalwaystaketheplaceoftheold.新生事物总是会取代旧的事物。5-用and或or连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。Everybody,manandwoman,oldandyoung,shouldattendthemeeting.Youcantakeanyboxaway,bigorsmall.6.多个形容词作修饰名词时，其顺序如下：限定词（指示代词，冠词，形容词性物主代词，数词）--描绘词（大小--长短--形状--新旧--长幼--颜色）--材料三注意：本质上的好（1）good的副词是well，本质上的好well也可作形容词用，只形容身体好=healthy健康的Ifeelwellenoughtogotoschool.（2）词是形容词后面加上-ly；但有以-ly结尾的形容词，如：friendly、lonely、lovely、lively、early、daily；有一些词既是形容词也是副词：hard（hardly意为几乎不）、high、late（lately意为最近）、fast、enougho3） ill\sick两者都表示“生病的”，都可放在系动词之后，充当表语，但作定语时只能用sick，如：Thesickmanishisuncle.Hehasbeenill\sickforaweek.4） alone"单独、独自”（也可作副词）；lonely“寂寞的，修饰人的内心感情。5.以一ed和----ing结尾的形容词的区别-ing形容词意为“令人......的”，主语多为物，-ed形容词意为“感到......”，主语多为人；此类形容词有exciting---excited,surprising---surprised,amazing---amazed,boring---bored,tiring---tired,interesting-interested,relaxing---relaxed形容词相应课堂练习-Iwillbereallybeforetheinterview.-Takeiteasy.Sureyouarethebest.A.patientb.nervousC.seriousD.coolKatefeltwhenshesawtheniceskirtintheclothesshop.A.pleasedB.wellC.tiredD.sadlyyoumustwearglasses.Theycankeepyoureyes.A.softB.safeC.safelyD.safetyTheguestsallthoughtittastes.A.niceB.badlyC.wellD.wonderfullyIfTomfeels_,he’llgotoschooltomorrow.A.enoughgoodB.wellenoughC.goodenoughDenoughwellY0udon’tlook.You’dbetterhaveagoodrest.A.goodB.illC.wellD.beautiful7.Shetoldusastory,hervoicesounded.A.easyB.sweetC.badlyD.sadlyaren’tsohappyas.A.Therich/poorB.Rich/thepoorC.Rich/poorD.Therich/thepoorThebookisforhimtoread.A.easilyenough B.enougheasilyC.easyenough D.enougheasyComehere,please.I’lltellyou.A.anythingimportant B.importantanythingC.somethingimportant D.importantsomething---Hesaidhesomethingunusual.---Maybesomethingwentbad.A.heardB.smeltC.lookedD.feltHisparentshappywhentheyheardthegoodnews.

A.smeltB.soundedC.turnedD.lookedMr.Lilivedalone,butheneverlonely.A.gotB.turnedC.felt D.soundedDoyouknowthegirlwhosevoice?A.lookslovelyB.hearsgoodC.feelsgoodD.soundslovelyAllofthematthethief,butnoonehithim.A.soundedangryB.lookedangryC.seemedangrilyD.lookedangrily第二讲副词L副词的构成：•（1）大部分副词都是由一个形容词加后缀-ly构成的，其构成方法见下表:大多数形容词直接加-lybad-badly;careful-carefully以-y结尾的形容词变-y为-i，再加-lyeasy-easily;noisy-noisily以le结尾的形容词去掉-e，再加-yterrible-terribly;gentle-gently以辅音+e结尾的形容词直接加-lynice-nicely;safe-safely以元首+e结尾的形容词去掉-e，再加-lytrue-truly;due-dully注息：（1）特殊形式：形容词good的副词形式是well（2） high,fast,late,early，hard,near，等形容词和副词同形（3） 有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词，如：friendly（友好的）,lovely（可爱的）,ugly（丑陋的），lonely^独的，寂寞的）lively（活跃的）…（4）形式相近意思不同的副词：close亲近的/closely仔细的；late晚的/lately最近；deep深的（空间）/deeply深深的（情感）；high高的（空间高度）/highly高的（程度=much）wide宽的（空间宽度）/widely广泛的near近的/nearly几乎；hard努力的/hardly几乎不3注意,・易混词辨析汰alone；adv&adj单独独自强调一个人Lonely：adj孤独的寂寞的荒凉的Helivesalone,buthedoesn’tfeellonely.high:adj&adv.高的/地表示具体的动作和行为highly:adv.高度地表示抽象性的行为和状况TomjumpedveryhighHisteacherthinksveryhighlyofhim.具有类似语法的还有;wide—widely deep---deeplyClose---closelynear--nearly（2）其它副词时间副词：now,then,yesterday,today,tonight,justnow,recently,sofar,always,usually,often,late,soon...地点副词：here,there,home,abroad,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,above,below...程度副词：much,（a）little,abit,very,too,enough,quite.疑问副词：how,when,where.关系副词：when,where,why.频度副词：often,usually,always,sometimes,seldom,never4.副词的用法和位置：•★副词可以用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子，用法和位置如下：1） Theflowerisquitebeautiful..（修饰形容词，前置）2） Heworkshard.（修饰动词，后置）3） JanespeaksChinesequitewell.（修饰副词，前置）4） Unluckily,hefailedtogetthefirstprize.（修饰句子，前置）5） Kittyisalwayshappyandfriendly.（频度副词，位于be动词后）6） Weoftengoforaswimatthebeach.（频度副词，位于行为动词前）副词相应课堂练习（针对形容词副词区别）课堂练习：一.写出下列」词语的副词形式：3.heavy1.good2.bad4.fast5.careful6.true7.angry8.usual9.useful10.terrible11.slow12.quick二单项选择Therearemanyyoungtreesonsidesoftheroad.A.every B.each C.both D.allYoudiditvery.A.good B.well C.better D.BestTheboxisheavyforthegirlcarry.A.too;to B.to;too C.so;that D.no;toJonelookssotodaybecauseshehasgotan"A”inhermathstest.A.happyB.happilyC.angryD.angrilyPaulhasfriendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.A.manyB.someC.fewD.moreEnglishpeopleuseMr.Beforeaman’sfirstname.A.neverB.usuallyC.oftenD.sometimes---OnemoresatellitewassentupintospaceinChinainMay.---Right.Thegovernmentspokethat.A.highlyfor B.highofC.wellof D.highlyofShe’satypist,becauseshecantype.A.quick,quick B.quickly,quicklyC.fast,fast D.fastly,fastlyRemembertokeepandwatch,youmightevenseeafemale.A.quiet,close B.quietly,closelyC.quietly,close D.quiet,closely10. You