四川省成都市高考英语一轮完形填空和阅读理解选练

PAGE四川省成都市2016高考英语一轮完形填空和阅读理解选练（1）完形填空。Atthe1924OlympicGamesinParis，thefavoriteteaminthefour­mancanoeracewastheUnitedStatesteam.OnememberofthatteamwasayoungmanbythenameofBillHavens.AsthetimefortheOlympics__1__，itbecameclearthatBill'swifewouldgivebirthtotheirfirstchildaboutthetimethattheUSteamwouldbe__2__intheParisgames.In1924therewerenojetairlinersfromParistotheUnitedStates，only__3__ocean­goingships.AndsoBillfoundhimselfina__4__.ShouldhegotoParisand__5__notbeingathiswife'ssidewhentheirbabywasborn？Orshouldhe__6__fromtheteamandremainwithhisfamily?Bill'swife__7__thathegotoParis.__8__，competingintheOlympicswashislifelong__9__.ButBillfelt__10__and,aftermuchsoul­searching，__11__towithdrawfromthecompetitionandremainhome，wherehecould__12__hiswifewhenthechildarrived.Asit__13__，theUnitedStatesfour­mancanoeteamwonthegoldmedalinParis.AndBill'swifewas__14__ingivingbirthtotheirchild.Shewassolate，infact，thatBillcouldhavecompetedintheeventandreturnedhomeintimetobewithherwhenshegave__15__.Peoplesaid，“Whatashame.”ButBillsaidhehadno__16__.Fortherestofhislife，hebelievedhehadmadethe__17__decision.BillHavensknewwhatwasmost__18__tohim.Noteverybodyfiguresthatout.Andheactedonwhathebelievedwasbest.Noteverybodyhasthe__19__tosaynotosomethingheorshetrulywantsinordertosayyestosomethingthattruly__20__.ButforBill，itwastheonlywaytopeace；theonlywaytonoregrets.文章大意：BillHavens即将参加1924年奥运会的四人划艇比赛，但为了即将分娩的妻子，他选择放弃比赛，从而错过了赢得奥运金牌的机会。面对众人的惋惜，他却表示从未为此感到后悔。1.A．neared B．startedC．ended D．narrowed答案：A根据下文可知，奥运会临近了，他的妻子也快要分娩了。near作动词时意为“接近，临近”。2．A.practising B．competingC．entering D．trying答案：B根据空后的intheParisgames可知，此处指他妻子分娩时他应该正在巴黎奥运会上比赛(compete)。3．A.expensive B．heavyC．large D．slow答案：D此处与空前的jetairliners形成对比，说明当时只有速度很慢的(slow)船只可以到达巴黎。4．A.hurry B．puzzleC．dilemma D．trap答案：C是参加比赛，还是待在家里陪护妻子，他处于两难的境地，dilemma“(进退两难的)窘境，困境”。5．A.avoid B．riskC．bear D．miss答案：B根据上文可知，如果他去巴黎参加奥运比赛就要冒孩子出生时他不在妻子身边的风险。risk“冒……的危险”。6．A.break B．keepC．wander D．withdraw答案：D根据空后的remainwithhisfamily可知，他在考虑自己是否应该从队中退出，待在家里。withdrawfrom“退出，离开”。7．A.complained B．preferredC．insisted D．promised答案：C根据空后的thathegotoParis可知，这里用的是虚拟语气，四个选项中只有insist符合这一要求，从语义上也可得此答案。8．A.Afterall B．AboveallC．Inall D．Atall答案：A此处强调比赛对他的重要性，用“毕竟”来加强语气。aboveall“首先，最重要的是”，inall“总共，合计”，atall“根本，究竟”，都不符合语义。9．A.purpose B．struggleC．opportunity D．dream答案：D根据语境可知，他之所以处于两难境地，他的妻子之所以劝他去，都是因为参加奥运比赛是他一生的梦想(dream)。10．A.disappointed B．conflictedC．confused D．encouraged答案：B根据上文可知，他处于进退两难的境地，内心很矛盾。conflicted“冲突的，【语篇解读】本文介绍了人们在假期中可以选择去做志愿活动的三个地方。1．Accordingtothepassage，whatcanavolunteerdoinnursinghomes?A．Visitingthesickchildren. B．Pickingupthedonatedfood.C．Helpingwiththegiftcart. D．Playingcardswithalonelyoldman.解析细节理解题。根据文中VolunteeringinNursingHomes部分的描述可知D项正确。A、C项是在children’shospitals可以做的事，B项是在homelessshelters可以做的事。答案D2．Whatcanwelearnaboutthevolunteering?A．Youcanonlyvolunteerduringtheholidays. B．Youcanhelppreparemealsinanursinghome.C．Itiseasytofindahomelesssheltertovolunteer. D．Helpisneededeverywhereinahomelessshelter.解析细节理解题。根据文中的“Thereisahomelessdirectoryonlinethatanyonecaneasilyaccesstofindtheclosesthomelesssheltertotheirhome.”可知，人们很容易找到一个能在里面做志愿活动的流浪者之家。其他三项都是与文章内容不符。答案C3．Inachildren’shospital，whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Over50%ofthoselivingtheredonothaverelatives.B．Apersonalvisitbringshappinesstoasickboy.C．Childrenlivealonelyandfrighteninglife.D．Childrenlovelisteningtovolunteers’reading.解析细节理解题。根据文中VolunteeringinChildren’sHospitals部分的描述可知B项正确，A、C两项错误，D项文中未提及。答案B4．Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe________.A．Givingofoneselfcheersothers B．VolunteeringisawayoflifeC．Volunteeringduringtheholidays D．Givingisbetterthantaking解析主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了假期中人们可以选择去做志愿活动的三个地方。故C项作为本文的标题最佳。答案C阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。“America’sNo.1HealthProblem.”SoreadstheheadlineofanarticlepublishedbytheAmericanInstituteofStressthatclaimsthebiggestthreattohealthtodayisneithercancernorAIDS.Thereportsays:“Ithasbeenestimated（估计）that75to90percentofallvisitstoprimarycarephysiciansareforstressrelatedproblems.”Itisnoexaggeration（夸张）tosaythatpeopletodayarebeingattackedbystress.AccordingtotheNationalConsumersLeague,“Workisthetopsourceofstressforadultswhohaveproblemsandstressintheirlives(39%),followedbyfamily(30%).Othersourcesincludehealth(10%),concernabouttheeconomy(9%)andconcernaboutinternationalconflictandterrorism(4%).”However,stressishardlyuniquetotheUnitedStates.ABritishsurveyin2005estimatedthat“overhalfamillionindividualsinBritainbelievedin2004thattheywereexperiencingwork-relatedstressatalevelthatwasmakingthemill.”Asaresultof“work-relatedstress,depressionoranxiety,”thereare“anestimatedthirteenandahalfmillionreportedlostworkingdaysperyearinBritain.”ThepictureisnolessbleakinmainlandEurope.AccordingtotheEuropeanAgencyforSafetyandHealthatWork,“work-relatedstresshasbeenshowntoaffectmillionsofEuropeanworkersacrossalltypesofemploymentsectors.”Onesurveyrevealedthatthereare“about41millionworkersaffectedbywork-relatedstresseachyear.”WhataboutAsia?AreportissuedbyaconferenceheldinTokyoconcluded:“Jobstressisacommonconcernamongmanycountriesintheworld,bothdevelopingandindustrializedcountries.”Thereportobservedthat“severalcountriesinEastAsia,includingChinaandKorea,haverapidlyindustrializedandeconomicallygrown.Thesecountriesnowhavealotofconcernsonjobstressanditsharmfuleffectsonworkers’health.”1.Theauthorquoted“America’sNo.1HealthProblem.”(Para.1)inorderto______.A.talkabouthealthproblemsinAmericaB.introducethetopicofstressC.emphasizethestressinAmericaD.tellreaderssomethingaboutAmericanInstituteofStress答案解析：答案为B。本题为推理题。本文的内容是为了揭示世界上人们的工作压力非常大，对健康造成了威胁，因此作者在开头使用“America’sNo.1HealthProblem”是为了引入压力的话题，故答案为B。2.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.A.bothcancerandAIDSarenotasseriousasthethreatofstresstohealthB.stressismainlyfromworkingandlivingpressureC.AmericansnevercareaboutinternationalconflictandterrorismD.peopleinmainlandEuropearemoreoptimisticthanEnglishpeople答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第二段“Workisthetopsourceofstressforadultswhohaveproblemsandstressintheirlives(39%),followedbyfamily(30%).Othersourcesincludehealth(10%),concernabouttheeconomy(9%)andconcernaboutinternationalconflictandterrorism(4%).”可知，工作和家庭生活中的压力比重最大，故B选项正确，C选项错误。由第一段“America’sNo.1HealthProblem.”SoreadstheheadlineofanarticlepublishedbytheAmericanInstituteofStressthatclaimsthebiggestthreattohealthtodayisneithercancernorAIDS.”可知，癌症和艾滋病没有压力带给健康的威胁那么严重的情况是在美国，不具有普遍性，故A选项错误。第三段揭示了英国人的工作压力非常大，第四段的首句理解是关键“ThepictureisnolessbleakinmainlandEurope.”意为“欧洲大陆的情况依旧不容乐观”，故D选项错误。3.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat______.A.AsianpeoplearemorewillingtodeveloptheircountriesB.therapideconomicdevelopmentisthemainreasonforstressC.somepeopleinAsiancountrieshavehealthproblemsfromemploymentstressD.AsiancountrieshaveabettersituationofstressthanEurope答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。最后一段揭示了亚洲的压力情况，由该段的最后一句话“Thesecountriesnowhavealotofconcernsonjobstressanditsharmfuleffectsonworkers’health.”可知，一些亚洲国家的工作压力也影响了人们的健康，故C选项正确，B选项错误，经济发展不是压力的主要原因，压力来自工作。A、D选项未提，均不选。4.What’sthemainsubjectofthepassage?A.Stressattackinghealth. B.Howtodealwithstress.C.Asurveyonworkingstress. D.Healthproblemsaroundtheworld.答案解析：答案为A。本题考查文章的主题。全文揭示了在美国，欧洲，亚洲人们的工作压力对健康造成了威胁，故答案为A。社会生活型阅读理解。An“applepolisher”isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.Itisnotexactlyabribe(贿赂),butisclosetoit.Allsortsofpeopleare“applepolishers”，includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighoffices—justabouteverybody.OliverCromwell,thegreatEnglishleader,offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty,butfailed.Thereareotherphrasesmeaningthesamethingas“applepolishing”—“softsoaping”or“butteringup”.Agiftisjustonewayto“softsoap”somebody,orto“butterhimup”.Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery,givingsomeonehighpraise—tellinghimhowgoodhelooks,orhowwellhespeaks,orhowtalentedandwiseheis.Endlessarethewaysofflattery.Whodoesnotlovetohearit?Onlyanunusualmancanresistthethrillofbeingtoldhowwonderfulheis.Intruth,flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus,whogetsolittleofit.Weneedittobemoresureofourselves.Itcannothurtunlesswegetcarriedawaybyit.Butifwejustlapitupforitsgoodvalueandnourishment,asacatlapsupmilk,thenwecanstillremaintruetoourselves.Sometimes,however,flatterywillgetyounothingfromonewhohashadtoomuchofit.Agoodexampleisthefamous12thcenturylegendofKingCanuteofDenmarkandEngland.Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers(朝臣).Theyoverpraisedhimtotheskies,asamanoflimitlessmight.Hedecidedtoteachthemalesson.Hetookthemtotheseashoreandsatdown.Thenheorderedthewavestostopcomingin.Thetidewastoobusytolistentohim.Thekingwassatisfied.Thismightshowhisfollowershowweakhispowerwasandhowemptytheirflatterywas.1．Whichofthefollowingactivitieshasnothingtodowith“applepolishing”？A．Aboytellshisgirlfriendhowprettyshelooks.B．Anemployeetellsherbosshowgoodheisatmanagement.C．Aknightissaidtobeoflimitlesspowerbyhisfollowers.D．Ateacherpraisesherstudentsfortheirtalentandwisdom.2．WhatdoesthewriterwanttoprovewithCromwell'sexample?A．Everybodycanbeanapplepolisher.B．Cromwellwasnotagoodapplepolisher.C．GeorgeFoxandhispartywerenotapplepolishers.D．Therearepeoplewhodon'tlikebeingapplepolished.3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutflatteryisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?A．Toomuchflatterycancarryusaway.B．Flatteryistooemptytodopeopleanygood.C．Flatterycangetyounothingbutexcessive(过度的)pride.D．Flatteryisoneofthewaystoapplepolishedpeople.4．WhydidKingCanuteofDenmarkandEnglandtakehisfollowerstotheseashore?A．Becausehewassickofhisnormallife.B．Becausehedislikedbeingoverpraisedanymore.C．Becausehewantedthemtorealizehowwisehewas.D．Becausehewantedthemtos