圣诞节的英文简介

日，庆祝耶稣基督诞生。christmasisachristianholidaythatcelebratesthebirthofjesuschrist英文圣诞一词源于古英语，意思是基督的弥撒，或基督的节日。thewordchristmascomesfromcristesmaesse,anearlyenglishphrasethatmeansmassorfestivalofchrist至于频繁使用的圣诞节的简写形式“xmas，学者们认为也许是始于13世纪。scholarsbelievethefrequentlyusedshortenedformofchristmas－xmas－mayhavecomeintouseinthe13thcentury.在希腊语里，“x是“基督”的首字母，同时“x也象征耶稣受难的十字架。ingreekxisthefirstletterofchristsname,andalsorepresentsthecrossonwhichwas4世纪，罗马天主教会将耶稣的诞辰定1225日。inthe4thcenturytheromancatholicchurchchosedecember25asthedayforthefeastofthenativity圣诞节便是于十二月二十五日纪念耶苏的诞生，andthat,christmasisthefeastofthenativityofjesusison25thdecembereveryyear.但真实的诞生日就沒有人知道了。butnobodyknowtheactualbirthdayofjesus.教会将12月25日定为基督教节日是为了给当时异教的冬至庆祝活动注入基督教的含义。thechurchchosedecember25forachristianholydayinthehopeofgivingchristianmeaningtoexistingpagancelebrationsofthewintersolstice。结果，很多异教习俗逐渐融入圣诞节的庆祝活动。asaresult,manypagancustomsgraduallybecamepartofthechristmascelebration.到了12世纪，圣诞节已成为欧洲最重要的宗教节日。bythe12thcentury,christmashadbecomethemostimportantreligiousfestivalineurope.19世纪，两个圣诞节习俗，即装饰圣诞树和向亲友赠送圣诞卡，变得流行起来。inthe19thcentury,twochristmascustomsbecamepopular－decoratingchristmastreesandsendingchristmascardstorelativesandfriends.许多著名的圣诞颂歌也是在这一时期创作的。manywell-knownchristmascarolswerecomposedduringthisperiod.对于大多数过圣诞节的人来说，这个节日是家庭、朋友聚会的日子，享用美酒佳肴的日子，互赠礼物的日子。formostpeoplewhocelebratechristmas,theholidayseasonisanoccasionforgatheringsoffamilyandfriends,feasting,andgivinggifts.圣诞节的庆祝活动对许多工商企业也变得日益重要了。thecelebrationofchristmasbecameincreasinglyimportanttomanykinds圣诞节的重要传统之一是接受圣诞老人赠送的礼物。oneofthemostimportantchristmastraditionsisreceivinggiftsfromsantaclaus.许多小孩子相信自己在圣诞节收到的礼物来自圣诞老人。圣诞老人是个快活的胖老头儿，长着白胡子，身穿红袍，头戴红帽。到各家，从烟囱进入屋内，留下礼物。manyyoungbelievethatthepresentstheyreceiveatchristmasaregivenbysantaclaus,whoisajolly,white-beardedfatmaninaredsuitandredhat.accordingtothestory,santaclaustravelsthroughtheairfromsomewherenearthenorthpoleinasleddrawnbyreindeer（驯鹿）andcomesdownthechimneytoleavethepresents.现在，许多国家，包括美国、加拿大、英国和澳大利亚都有圣诞老人把节日礼物送给孩子们。today,santaclausbringspresentstochildreninmanycountries,includingtheunitedstatescanadagreatbritainandaustralia许多商店雇人装扮成圣manydepartmentstoreshirepeopletowearasantaclauscostumeandlistentochildrensrequests在英国，圣诞老人也“fatherchristmas”ingreatbritainsantaclausisalsofatherchristmas.圣诞节前几周，孩子们就开始写信给诞老人，告诉他自己想要什么礼物。duringtheweeksbeforechristmas,childrenwriteletterstofatherchristmasandtellhimwhatpresentstheywouldliketoreceive.然后他们把信扔进壁炉的火里。theythenthrowtheselettersintothefire.他们相信如果上升的气流把灰烬顺烟囱带了上去，他们的愿望便会得到满足childrenbelievethatifadraftdrawstheletterupthroughthechimney,theirwisheswillbefulfilled.等。atraditionalchristmasdinnerinamericaincludesstuffedturkey（火鸡）,mashedpotatoes,cranberrysauce（越橘酱）andavarietyofotherdishes.烤火鸡不但在美国，在加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰也是圣诞宴席上最普遍的主菜。roastturkeyisthemostpopularmaincoursenotonlyintheunitedstates,butalsoincanada,australia,andnewzealand.也有的人家不吃火鸡，而吃火腿或烤鹅。somefamilieshavehamorroastgooseinsteadofturkey.人们最喜欢的饭后甜点包括甜馅饼或南瓜馅饼、李子布丁和水果蛋糕。favoritedessertsincludemincepieorpumpkinpie,plumpuddingandfruitcake.蛋奶酒是许多家庭喜欢的饮料。eggnogisapopularchristmasbeverage（饮料）inmanyhomes.在英国，圣诞宴在中午举行，传统食品有烤火鸡或烤鹅、圣诞布丁、甜馅饼和葡萄酒。inbritain,christmasdinneriseatenatnoon,andthedinnerusuallyincludesroastturkeyorgoose,christmaspuddingwithmincepies,andaccompaniedbywine.fromitsmodestbeginnings,christmashasevolvedintothebiggestcelebrationintheworld.nowpleasecontactwetranshesitation!从开始到现在，圣诞节已经发展成为世界上最大的庆祝是不是该好好了解哈勒，那就随trans来看 据说认真学东的人最美firstthewordfeastpreparedforyoudrunkennessn.沉醉；酩酊feast盛宴；宴会；节期；使人欢快的事物（或活动）ascendv.上升；升高；登高dauntingv使气馁commissionn佣金；回扣;委员会v.正式委托（谱写或制作、创作）；任命…为军官mistletoen槲寄生（结白色小浆果，寄生于其他树木，常用于圣reconciliationreconciliationn.和解；协调；调解；palmtreenconfectionern.甜食业;糖果店；糖果制造者divinityn.神；神性；stripen.条纹；线条；mintadj.完美的；新造的n.薄荷；薄荷糖；铸币厂；v.铸（币）yulen.圣诞节firtreen.冷杉树manifestationinfantn.婴儿；幼儿；四岁到七岁之间的学童adj.初期的；初创期的oakn栎树logn.日志；原木；飞行日志v.记录；把…载入正式记录；行驶；采伐（森林的）树木solsticen.（夏或冬）至hearthn.壁炉炉床fertilityn.丰产；富饶；能生育性；sprinklev.洒；撒；把…撒（或洒）在…上；mulln.乱七八糟〈美口〉仔细考虑[讨论]；splinterv.分裂；（使）裂成碎片；boisterousadj.热闹的；充满活力的；活蹦乱跳的ironstoven铁炉paganadj.异教的；非基督教的；无宗教信仰的n.异教徒nativityn圣诞；耶稣降生；耶稣降生图centerpiecen.evergreen.常青树；常绿树adj.常绿的somberadj.忧郁的；昏pastryn.油酥面团；油酥面皮；油酥糕点secularadj.现世的；世crucifixionn.钉死在十字架上；十字架苦像（耶稣受难的画像或艺bishopn.主教berryn浆果；莓accoutrementn.装自己，那就继续享受下面精彩的文化盛宴吧！！记住有问题哦，么么哒acommondate通用日december25wasasignificantdateforvariousearlytheancientbabyloniansthesonofthequeenofheavenwasbornondecember25.theegyptianscelebratedthebirthofthesonofthefertilitygoddessisisonthesamedate,whileancientarabscontendedthatthemoonwasbornondecembertheromanscelebratedsaturnalia,afeastnamedforsaturn,godofagriculture,ondecember21,thewintersolsticeinthenorthernhemisphere.theybelievedtheshortestdayoftheyearwasthebirthdayofthesun.theromanemperorconstantinewasamemberofthesun-cultbeforeconvertingtochristianityin312.somescholarssuspectthatchristianschosetocelebratechristsbirthondecember25tomakeiteasiertoconvertthepagantribes.referringtojesusasthelightoftheworldalsofitwithexistingpaganbeliefsaboutthebirthofthesun.theancientreturnofthesunphilosophyhadbeenreplacedbythecomingofthesonmessageofchristianity.joyfulandreligious快乐和宗gradually,christmascelebrationsbegantoadopttheoftenboisterous,holidaytraditionsofpagancultures.thestoryofthenativitywastoldthroughmusic,art,anddance.storedchristmaswhenheascendedthethrone.intheamericancolonies,puritans,baptists,quakers,andpresbyteriansopposedthefestivities,whilecatholics,anglicans(episcopalians),dutchreformed,andlutheranschristmascelebrationsbecamemorecommoninamericaduringthemid-1800s.theintroductionofchristmasservicesinsundayschoolsreducedreligiousopposition,whilethecharlesdickensnovelachristmascarolpopularizedtheholidayasafamilyeventchristmastree圣诞thepracticeoftreeworshiphasbeenfoundinmanycultures.often,treeswerebroughtindoorsanddecoratedtoensureagoodcropforthecomingyear.treeshavealsobeenlinkedtodivinity.egyptiansassociatedapalmtreewiththegodbaal-tamar,whilethegreeksandromansbelievedthatthemotherofadoniswaschangedintoafirtree.adoniswasoneofherbranchesbroughttolife.themodernchristmastreewaslikelyborninthe8thcentury,whenst.bonifacewasconvertingthegermanictribes.thetribesworshippedoaktrees,decoratingthemforthewintersolstice.st.bonifacecutdownanenormousoaktree,thatwascentraltotheworshipofaparticulartribe,butafirtreegrewinitsplace.theevergreenwasofferedasasymbolofchristianity,whichthenewlyconvertedgermansbegandecoratingforprincealbert,whowasgerman,introducedthechristmastreetoenglandafterhismarriagetoqueenvictoriain1840.germanimmigrantstopennsylvaniabroughtchristmastreestoamerica.mistletoe槲寄生thedruidsbelievedmistletoefellfromheavenandgrewontotreethatsprangfrommistletoethusrepresentedthejoiningofheavenandearth,andgodsreconciliationwithmankind.akissundermistletoesymbolizedacceptanceandreconciliation.(ps:给大家推荐首比伯的歌mistletoe，mv更赞哦)santaclaus圣诞老人patronsaintofchildrenandsailors,saintnicholaswasacenturybishopfromasiaminor.hewasfamousforgivinggiftstochildren.hisfeastday,december6,becameachildrensholidayinholland,whereheisknownassintnikolaas.englishcolonistsinnewyork(previouslythedutchcolonyofnewpronouncethedutchname.theenglishbegancelebratingthefeastdayonchristmas.krisskringle,anothernameforsantaclaus,developedingermanyaround1600.germanprotestantsrecognizeddecember25,thebirthofthechristchild,christkindl,astheinthenetherlandsandgermany,thesantaclausfigureoftenrodethroughtheskyonahorsetodeliverpresentstochildren.heoftenworeabishopsrobesandwassometimesaccompaniedbyblackpeter,anelfwhowhippednaughtyinadditiontothetraditionofsaintnicholas,thethreewisemengavegiftstothebabyjesus,startingthechristmasgiftreadnamesforsantaaroundtheworldchristmasholly圣诞红的叶片oneofthemostpopularchristmastimeaccoutrements,hassharpedges,symbolicofthecrownofthornswornbyjesusathiscrucifixion.theredberriesrepresentblood.yulelog圣诞节原木wholivedinthemiddleeast.thegermanictribesofnorthern“y-lay”“childsday.”thecustomoftheyuleloghasbeennotedinfranceanditalyasfarbackasthe1200s.itlaterspreadthroughouteurope.onchristmaseveanenormouslogwouldbecutandplacedinthehearth.thelogwouldbesprinkledwithsalt,oil,andmulledwine,andprayerssaidtoprotectthehousefromthedevilandinsomeregions,thedaughtersofthefamilylitthelogwithsplintersofthepreviousyearslog.inotherregions,theladyofthehousehadthehonoroflightingthelog.asironstovesreplacedgianthearthsinthe1800s,yulelogsbecamedecorative,oftenbeingusedaschristmascenterpiecesanddecoratedwithevergreensandcandles.cooksbegancreatingpastryyulelogs,rolledcakescoveredinchocolateorcoffeeanddecoratedwithsugaredhollyandroses.candycanes棒棒糖somescholarsbelieveaconfectionerdevelopedcandycanestorepresentjesus.theshapeofthejwasforjesus,ortheshepherdsstaff.thewhitecolorsymbolizedpurity,whiletheredstripesindicatedblood.peppermintissimilartohyssop,themiddleeasternmintmentionedinthebible.christmascards圣诞贺卡thecustomofsendingchristmascardsstartedinengland.earlier,someadultshadwrittenchristmasletters.butletterstooktimetowrite;andpeoplewantingtoshareseasonsgreetingswithmanyothershadadauntingtask.in1843,britishbusinessmansirheycoleaskedartistjohncalcotthorsleytoprintsomechristmascards.onethousandcardswereprintedinblackandwhiteandthencoloredbyhand.thecards,whichdepictedahappyfamilyraisingatoasttotherecipient,werecriticizedforpromotingdrunkenness.in1851richardpease,avarietystoreowner,commissionedthefirstprintedchristmascardintheu.s.londonprinterscharlesgoodallsonsbecamethefirsttomass-producechristmascards.in1862theycreatedcardsvariousdesigns,includingrobins,holly,mangers,andandevenlittleredridinghood.（ps：最后献上比伯另一首