英语现在完成时的用法总结

现在完成时（Presentperfect）过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(done)①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语.②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+宾语.③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语.④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）定义：（1）强调动作是过去发生的（2）强调对现在的影响或结果（3）在过去不确定的时间里发生的动作，但是结果对现在有影响。但过去分词一定要选择准确。[编辑本段]过去分词

AAA式的过去分词：[编辑本段]规则动词1、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live---lived---lived,(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将"y"变为"i"，再加“ed”。study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped不规则动词burn---burnt---burnt1hidehidhiden隐藏2forgetforgotforgoten忘记3seesawseen看见4taketooktaken[编辑本段]不规则动词2、不规则动词：AAA型原型过去式过去分词burstburstburstcastcastcastcostcostcostcutcutcuthithithithurthurthurtputputputsetsetsetshutshutshut

spreadspreadspreadletletletreadreadreadledledledAAB型beatbeatbeatenABA型becomebecamebecomerunranruncomecamecome特殊情况readreadreadread原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/ABB型bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtbuildbuiltbuilt

burnburntburntcatchcaughtcaughtdigdugdugfeelfeltfeltfightfoughtfoughtfindfoundfoundfeedfedfedgetgotgothanghunghunghearheardheardholdheldheldkeepkeptkeptlaylaidlaidleadledledloselostlostleaveleftleftlendlentlent

makemademademeanmeantmeantmeetmetmetpaypaidpaidsellsoldsoldshootshotshotsaysaidsaidsitsatsatstandstoodstoodshineshoneshonesweepsweptsweptsleepsleptsleptteachtaughttaughttelltoldtoldthinkthoughtthoughtwinwonwonABC型

beginbeganbegunblowblewblownbreakbrokebrokenchoosechosechosendrawdrewdrawndrivedrovedrivendrinkdrankdrunkflyflewflownforgiveforgaveforgivenforgetforgotforgottenfreezefrozefrozengivegavegivengrowgrewgrownknowknewknownrideroderiddenriseroserisenringrangrung

shakeshookshakensingsangsungsinksanksunkswimswamswumthrowthrewthrownwritewrotewrittentaketooktakenwearworeworn[编辑本段]用法（1）现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.Ihavespentallofmymoney.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Janehaslaidthetable.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.)Michaelhasbeenill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱)Hehasreturnedfromabroad.(含义是:现在已在此地)

（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）●⑤Itis+时段+since+从句（过去时）Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Ihavelivedheresince1998.●注：瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose……）不能直接与forsince连用。要改变动词come/arrive/reach/getto-----beingoout----beoutfinish----beoveropen----beopendie----bedead………………

★1.have代替buyMybrotherhashad(不能用hasbought)thisbikeforalmostfouryears.★2、用keep或have代替borrowIhavekept(不能用haveborrowed)thebookforquiteafewdays.★3、用be替代becomeHowlonghasyoursisterbeenateacher?★4、用haveacold代替catchacoldTomhashadacoldsincethedaybeforeyesterday.★5、用wear代替putonb)用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词1、be＋married代marry2、be＋ill代fall(get)ill3、be＋dead代die4、be＋asleep代fall(get)asleep5、be＋awake代wake/wakeup6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave7、be＋open代open8、beclosed代close/shut9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代losec)用“be＋副词”代终止性动词

1“be＋on”代start,begin2“be＋up”代getup3“be＋back(to)”代returnto,comebackto,gobackto4“behere(there)”代come(arrive,reach,get)here或go(arrive,reach,get)there等等d)用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词1.“bein/at+地点”代替goto/cometo2.用beinthearmy代替jointhearmy3.“bein/at+地点”代替mo