护理学基础习题

护理学基础习题一、选择题Healthpromotionandassistingtheclienttoattainahigherlevelofhealthis()theroleofthepublichealthdepartmentanintegralpartofthenursingprocess.Reservedforadvancedpracticenurses.Unrealisticgiventheclientpopulation.Thenurseisawarethatthenormalfetalheartratebetween()60-80beatsperminute60-100beatsperminute80-100beatsperminute80-120beatsperminuteAnurseiscaringforaclientwhohasjustsustainedmultipletrauma.Todetectinternalbleeding,thenursemustfrequentlymonitor()temperaturepulserespirationbloodpressurewhichofthefollowingdietsisappropriateforaclientwithrenalfailureonhemodialysis()Highprotein,highpotassium,highcarbohydrate.Lowprotein,lowpotassium,lowphosphate.Lowprotein,highphosphorous,highsodium.Highprotein,highcalcium,lowfatThenurseknowsthataclientreceivingtotalparenteralnutrition(TPN)willhavetheIVtubingchanged()every24hoursevery48hoursevery72hourseverytimeanewbag/bottleishungForwhichofthefollowingclientswouldyouuseanoralthermometer()a6-month-oldinfantaclientreceivingoxygentherapya42-year-oldhealthyfemaleanunconsciousclientThenormalrespiratoryrateinadultsisconsideredtobe()1to6breathsperminute16to20breathsperminute60to80breathsperminute100to120breathsperminuteWhichofthefollowingisthereasontheintravenousmethodofmedicationadministrationiscalledthemostdangerousrouteofadministration()theveincantakeonlyasmallamountoffluidatatimetheveinmayhardenandbecomenonfunctionalbloodclotsmaybecomeaseriousproblemthedrugisplaceddirectlyintothebloodstreamanditsactionisimmediateWhattypeofsettingisconsideredmoststressfulfornurse()cancertreatmentcentersnursinghomesoperatingroomintensivecareunitsAnolderclient’sskinrequiresspecialcarebecause()subcutaneousfatincreasessebaceousglandssecretemoreoiltheskinbecomesincreasinglydrytheskinthickensProvidingperinealcaretoaclientrequiresthatthenurse()useacleanportionofthewashclothforeachstrokeproceedfrommostcontaminatedtoleastcontaminatedareausesterileglovesleavetheforeskinundisturbedinanuncircumcisedmaleAfteraninitialassessment,thenursedocumentsthepresenceofareddenedareathathasblistered.Accordingtorecognizedstagingsystems,thisulcerisclassifiedas()stageⅠstageⅡstageⅢstageⅣAnolderinvalidclientsitsandslumpsinherchairmostoftheday.Sheismostlikelytodevelopapressureulcerbecauseof()malnutritionshearingforcesedemaachronicdiseaseMs.Sanchezis80yearsold,obese,hasastageⅢsacralpressureulcer.Theprioritynursingdiagnosisis()A.角色强化B.角色缺如C.角色冲突D.角色适应E.角色消退34.患者对医院的医疗护理管理制度提出意见，这体现了患者的权利。A.免除一定社会职责B.享受平等医疗待遇C.要求医护人员保密D.知情、同意E.监督35.以下哪项不属于系统。A.一个医院B.一座建筑物C.一群围观者D.宇宙E.海洋36.一个新入院的6岁儿童，啼哭不止，并发生尿床，该患儿的不良行为可能属于。A.智力低下B.恶作剧C.挑衅性行为D.无意识行为E.退行性行为37.在下述对话中，护士应用了哪一种沟通技巧。病人：“我每天喝少量酒已经好多年了。”护士：“请您告诉我您每天喝几两酒？喝了多少年了？”A.改述B.复述C.总结D.澄清E.反映38.下列无菌容器使用法哪项不正确。A.打开无菌容器时，容器盖的无菌面朝上B.手不可触及容器的内面C.用毕立即将容器盖严D.拿无菌容器时应托住底部E.无菌物品取出后，未用应立即放回39.护理评判性思维的核心目的是。A.诊断推理B.质疑反思C.临床决策D.鉴别诊断E.演绎推理40.下列影响护理临床决策的因素中属于情境因素的是。A.决策风险性B.思维方式C.护理专业规范D.病房设置E.情感倾向41.护理程序估计阶段的总目的是。A.取得完整高质量的资料B.找出护理问题C.使患者得到整体护理D.改进护理实践的方法E.提供护理科研资料42.下列目标的陈述哪项是正确的。A.患者能下床行走至门口B.扶患者行走至门边C.三天内，患者能自己行走至门边D.患者能够掌握皮下注射方法E.住院期间，教会患者皮下注射胰岛素方法43.护理程序效果评价的核心内容是。A.护理病历的质量B.护理分工组织形式C.护理人员职责落实D.患者健康状况的改善E.护理措施的实施情况44.自护理论是由护理理论家提出的。A.南丁格尔B.韩德森C.奥利维亚D.罗杰斯E.奥瑞姆45.以下哪个观点是贝蒂·纽曼理论的基本观点。A.人是一个具有基本结构或能源核心的动态开放系统B.护理的目标是提高护理对象满足自护需求的能力C.护理的目标是帮助护理对象重建对环境的积极适应D.护士的任务是满足护理对象的14项基本需要E.护理的目标是为了提高个体对健康和疾病的适应性46.护送坐轮椅的病人，下坡时应做到。A、拉起踏脚板B、轮椅往前倾C、拉上手闸D、病人的头及背应向后靠E、护送人走在轮椅前面47.为增强杀菌作用和去污防锈,煮沸时水中可加入。A.0.1%～0.2%氢氧化钠B.1%～2%碳酸氢钠C.0.1%亚硝酸钠D.0.1%～0.5%碳酸钠E.0.5%醋酸钠48.下列关于紫外线消毒的叙述正确的是。A.最大杀菌波长为253.7nmB.最佳环境温度为30～8C.最佳湿度为50％～80％D.最佳照射距离为5mE.用于空气消毒的照射时间为1～2h49.下列属于低效消毒剂的是。A.环氧乙烷B.新洁尔灭C.过氧乙酸D.福尔马林E.碘伏50.属于半污染区的区域是。A.值班室B.配餐室C.病区走廊D.病室E.浴室二、名词解释1.NursingProcess2.Disinfection3.prn4.urineincontinence5.TPN6.Highproteindiet7.Hospicecare8.Constipation9.Health(WHO)10.Disinfection11.HolisticNursing12.Sterilization13.lateralposition14.largevolumenon-retentionenema15.intravenousinjection三、简答题1.Describetheconceptionofnursinginyourownwords.2.Whatispressuresore?Howtopreventit?3.Whatistheprincipleofasepsis?4.简述输血“三查八对”原则。5.简述出院患者床单位终末消毒的基本方法。四、问答题1.A47-year-oldmaniscomingtothehealthclinicforaphysicalexaminationbythenursepractitionerforaroutineemploymentphysical.Thenurseobtainsthefollowingroutinevitalsigns:temperature,36.9℃;rightradicalpulserateof9andirregular;BP,sitting,162/82;SpO295%onroomair;respiratoryrate22.a.Astheadmittingnurse,whatquestionswoundyouaskthisclienttoevaluatehisriskforhypertension?b.Basedonthethesevitalsigns,whatactionshouldyoutake?2.Mrs.Luisisa37-year-oldwomanshohasbeenadmittedwithhematuria.Shehasnoticedbloodinherurineforaweek,butshewashopingitwouldgoaway.Sheistoundergoacystoscopyin4hours.a.Whatisthepurposeofthecystoscopy?b.Whatnursingcareisneededbeforeshegoestotheoperatingroom?c.Giveatleasttwonursingresponsibilitiesforcareoftheclientafterundergoingacystectomy.3.Mr.Santiago,whois88yearsold,livesalone.Withinthepastyearhehasfallentwiceathome,oncebytrippingoverarugandoncewhenhegotuptogotothebathroom