广东省东莞市2018届高三上学期期末教学质量检查英语试题(原卷版)

广东省东莞市2018届高三上学期期末教学质量检查英语试题第I卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATopSitestoSeeinNewYorkCentralParkFormorethan150years,visitorshavecometoCentralPark's843greenacresintheheartofManhattan.Since1980,theParkhasbeenmanagedbytheCentralParkConservancy,inpartnershipwiththepublic.YoucanvisittheofficialwebsiteofCentralParktolearnmoreaboutParkhappeningsandactivitiesandtolearnhowtohelpCentralPark.Telephone:212-310-6600Location:59thto110thStreet,ManhattanBorough,fromCentralParkWestto5thAvenue,NewYorkCity,NY10022OpenHours:06:00-23:00TheNational9/11MemorialMuseumThenational9/11Memorial&MuseumisaplaceofremembrancehonoringthosewholosttheirlivesintheterroristattacksofSeptember11,2001.The9/11MemorialMuseumdisplaysMonumentalartifactslinkedtotheeventsof9/11,whilepresentingstoriesofloss,sympathyandrecoverythatarecentraltotellingthestoryofthe2001attacksandtheconsequence.Italsoexplorestheglobalimpactof9/11anditscontinuingsignificance.Telephone:212-312-8800Location:180GreenwichSt,WorldTradeCenter,NewYorkCity,NY10007OpenHours:09:00-20:00TheMetropolitanMuseumofArtAtNewYorkCity'smostvisitedmuseumandattraction,youwillexperienceover5,000yearsofartfromaroundtheworld.TheMetisforanyoneasasourceofinspiration,insightandunderstanding.Youcanlearn,escape,play,dream,discoverandconnect.Telephone:212-535-7710Location:10005thAvenue,NewYorkCity,NY10028-0198OpenHours:10:00-17:30HowcanyougetmoreinformationabouttheactivitiesinCentralPark?Bycallingthepark.Byvisitingitswebsite.Byconsultingthestaff.Bywritingtothemanager.Wherecanyougoifyou'reinterestedinart?59thto110thStreet.180GreenwichSt.WorldTradeCenter.10005thAvenue.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthetext?Anofficialreport.Apopularmagazine.Atouristbrochure.Aproducthandbook.BBackabout20monthsagoIstartedcollegeandjuststruggledwitheverything,suchasclassesandfriends.Iquicklybecamedepressedandangryatmyselffornotbeingabouttodobetterinschool,inadditiontolackoffriendsduetopoorsocialandcommunicationskills.Thiswentonformonthsuntilmy19thbirthday.Myparentssentmeacake,whichwasagreatcake.ButIrememberhavingthislargecakeandabsolutelynoonetoshareitwith.Iendedthrowingoutthecakeafterhavingonepiece,withabout90%ofitleftover.ThatnightIwasdepressedthatIdecidedtogooutsidetothefreezingtemperatureofthewinterandrun.Iputmyearphonesin,wentoutsideandranabout2milesat11p.m.onmybirthday.WhenIgotbackinsideIwascontent.IwasproudofwhatIwasabletodo.Thenextnightdidthesame.Iwasn'tquickorfitbutyouknowthatIwentoutsideanddidsomething.Thecontinuedforabout2monthsuntilIfinallyworkedupthecouragetogotothegym,whereIstartedswimmingagainasIusedtoinhighschool.AmonthwentbyandIstartedliftingweightsandcontinuallyrunning.LookingbackIcanseethatexercisehelpedcuremydepressionbutitdidn'tonlydothat.AtthegymImetnewfriendsandbackatmydormIgrewconfidencetogototheendofthehallseeingpeopleplayingSuperSmashBrothersandaskifIcouldjoin.Sogoforwardtopresentnow.IexerciseeverydayandlookforwardtothathourandahalfIgetdailytodowhatIlovewithpeoplewholoveitaswell.Ihopethishelpssomeonewhomaybeorhavebeeninasimilarsituation.Whatmadetheauthordecidetorunatnight?Hisl9tbirthday.Hisparents'cake.Hisloneliness.Hisfriends.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?Traditional.Determined.Humorous.Generous.Whatisthebiggestbenefitoftheauthor'srunning?Regaininghisconfidence.Losinghisweight.Playingwithhisbrothers.Joiningotheractivities.Whydoyouthinktheauthorwrotethispassage?Torecallhislifeincollege.Toshowhisgratitudetohisparents.Toemphasizetheimportanceoffriendship.Tosharehisexperienceofdealingwithhardship.Whydoyougotothelibrary?Forbooks,yes—butyoulikebooksbecausetheytellstoriesYouhopetogetlostinastoryorbetransportedintosomeoneelse'slife.Atonetypeoflibraryyoucandojustthat—eventhoughthere'snotasinglebook.AtaHumanLibrary,insteadofbooks,youcan"borrow"people.Peoplewithuniquelifestoriesvolunteertobethe"books."Foracertainamountoftime,youcanaskthemquestionsandlistentotheirstories,whichareasfascinatingasanyyoucanfindinabook.(Ifyouattend,makesuretoreviewthehabitsthatmakeyouagoodlistener.)Manyofthestorieshavetodowithsomekindofdepressingtopic.Youcanspeakwitharefugee,asoldiersufferingfromPTSD(创伤后遗症),ahomelesspersonandawomanlivingwithHIV.TheHumanLibraryencouragespeopletotaketimetotrulygettoknowandlearnfromsomeonetheymightotherwisemakeasnapjudgementabout.Accordingtoitswebsite,theHumanLibraryis"aplacewheredifficultquestionsareexpected,appreciatedandanswered."TheHumanLibraryOrganizationcametobeinCopenhagen,Denmarkin2000.RomniAbergelandhiscolleagueshostedafour-dayeventduringamajorNorthernEuropeanfestival.Afterthesuccessofthisevent,AbergelfoundedtheHumanLibraryOrganization,hopingtoraiseawarenessamongyouthaboutdepression,whichhasbeengrowingeversince.Thoughthereafewpermanenthumanlibraries,mostaren'tplaceatall,butevents.Thoughmanydotakeplaceatphysicallibraries,youdon'tneedalibrarycard—anyonecancomeandbepartoftheexperience.Therehavebeenhumanlibraryeventsallovertheglobe,inuniversitiesandinpubs,fromChicagotoTunistoEdinburghtoSanAntonio.Checkouttheorganization'sFacebookpagetoseewhentheHumanLibrarymightbearrivingnearyou.WhatshallwedobeforegoingtotheHumanLibrary?Bringabook.Getalibrarycard.Makeanappointment.Gooversomelisteninghabits.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“snap"inparagraph2mean?True.Quick.Wrong.Obvious.WhydidRonmiAbergelfoundtheHumanLibraryOrganization?Heexpectedtoanswerdifferentquestions.HesuccessfullyheldaneventinNorthernEurope.Hewantedyoungpeopletopayattentiontodepression.HehadsetuptheHumanLibrariesallovertheworld.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?"Borrow"PeopleInsteadofBooksHumanLibraryOrganizationHumanLibraryIsNearYouALibraryinDenmarkDGoogle'snewartificialintelligencecandefeatbothhumansandotherAIs.Fortunately,theonlywarzonewhereitfightsandwinsistheancientboardgameGo（围棋）.AlphaGoZero,developedbyGoogle-ownedDeepMind,isthelatestAIprogram.TheoriginalAlphaGodefeatedGomasterLeeSedollastyear,andAlphaGoMaster,anupdatedversion,wentontowin60gamesagainsttophumanplayers.What'sdifferentaboutAlphaGoZeroisthatitbecamepotentiallytheworld'sbestGoplayerwithoutanyhelpfromhumans.TheprogramAlphaGoZerostartedoffknowingonlythebasicrulesandthenplayedmillionsofgamesagainstitselfinjustafewdays.Afteralmostfivemilliongamesplayedagainstitself,AlphaGoZerocouldoutplayhumansandtheoriginalAlphaGo.After40days,itwascapableofbeatingAlphaGoMaster.Theprogramlearnedthestrategieshumansaccumulatedoverthousandsofyearsinamatterweeksandalsodevelopednontraditionalstrategiesandmovesthatbeatthetechniquesofthehumanmasters,leavingthemastonished."Ateachstageofthegame,itseemstogainabithereandloseabitthere,butsomehowitendsupslightlyahead,asifbymagic,"saidAndrewJacksonoftheAmericanGoAssociationDeepMindsaysithasplansforthetechnologybehindAlphaGoZerobeyondjustdefeatingalloveranancientgameboard."Intheend,wewanttoapplythesebreakthroughstohelpingsolveallsortsofpressingrealworldproblemslikedesigningnewmaterials,"saidDemisHassabis,co-founderandCEOofDeepMind,inastatement.Thatsoundsgreat,butjustasaprecaution,let'staketheadviceofElonMuskandStephenHawkingandkeepanysuper-fastlearningAIawayfromthenuclearlaunchcodesfornow.WhichwasprobablytheearliestAIprogramtoplayGoaccordingtothetext?DeepMind.AlphaGo.AlphaGoMaster.AlphaGoZero.WhatmakesAlphaGoZerodifferentfromitsotherversions?Itteachesitself.ItbeatsAlphaGoMaster.ItknowsthebasicrulesofGo.Itplaysagainstitselfforalongtime.What'sDeepMind'splanfortheAItechnology?Todesignanewversion.Towinalltheancientboardgames.Tobeathumanbeingsallovertheworld.Toinspiretheworldwithsolutionstoglobalissues.HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutAI?Negative.Supportive.Cautious.Encouraging.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。WaystoTakeMoreVegetablesintoyourMealsRecently,anincreasingnumberofhealthproblemsamongpeoplehavebeenreported.Surveysshowthatmostofusgetaroundtwotothreekindofvegetablesaday,fallingfarshortofthefivekindsthatnutritionexpertsadvise.16SneakvegetablesintobreakfastandlunchOnereasonwedon'tgetenoughvegetablesisthatmanyofusconsiderthemmerelyasarelyasidedishtodinner.17FollowthegoldenruleHalfofyourdinnerplateshouldbefilledwithvegetables.18Thisistheperfectlybalanceddinner,accordingtoexperts.19Halfacucumber,awholetomato,oralong,freshcarrotarejustaspleasanttoeatasanapple.Itmayseemunusual,butwhocares?Awholevegetablemakesaterrificsnack.MoveyourvegetablestothetopshelfofthefridgeAslongasthey'rebaggedproperly,they'lllastaswellastheywouldinavegetablefreshcontainer.20Inparticular,keepquick-to-eatvegetablessuchasbabycarrots,tomatoesandcucumbersasaccessibleaspossible.GoexoticEveryweek,trytobuyaslightlyforeignvegetable,perhapssomethingthatyou'venevereatenbefore.EatvegetableslikefruitTakemoreunusualvegetablesMoreimportantly,nowthey'llbeseeneasilyandattractive.Herearesomehealth-boostingwaystotakemorevegetablesintoyourdailydiet.Thatleavesaquarteroftheplateforriceornoodlesandaquarterformealorfish.Ifyoureallywanttoeatmorevegetables,youcanalsoeatthematbreakfastandlunch.Whenyouwanttoeatmorevegetables,makesureyourfridgewillbefullofvegetables.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JohnCarpenterJohnCarpenterdidnodliketobuytoysthatsomebodyelsehadmade.Helikethefunof21themhimself.Thethoughtthattheywerehisownwork22him.Tom,oneofhisplaymates,thoughtatoywasworthnothing23itcostagreatdealofmoney.Henevertriedtomake24,butboughtallhistoys."Comeandlookatmyhorse,"saidhe,oneday,"it25adollar,anditissuchabeauty!"Johnwassoon26hisfriend'shorse,andhewasexaminingit27toseehowitwasmade.Thesameeveninghetriedtomakea28___oneforhimself.Hewentintothewoodshedand29twopiecesofwood—onefortheheadofhishorse,theotherforthebody.Ittookhimtwoorthreedaystoshapethemtohis30.Butwhataboutthewheels?This31him.Withgreatefforts,hefinallygotsome32piecesofwoodwhichcouldsuithis33.Proudofhisgreat34,herantohisfriendTom,crying,"Nowthen,Tom,hereismyhorse,—look!""Well,thatisa35__horse,"saidTom,"Wheredidyoubutit?""Ididn'tbuyit,"36John,"Imadeit"."Youmadeityourself!Oh,well,it'sagoodhorseforyoutomake.37itisnotasgoodasmine.Minecosta38,andyoursdidn'tcostanything.""Itwasrealfuntomakeit,though,"saidJohn,andawayheranwithhishorse39__afterhim.Doesitreallycostnothingandallhiseffortsare40__?Ofcoursenot,Iwilltellyou.JohnCarpenternowisamasterworkman,andwillsoonhaveashopofhisown.A.collectingB.makingC.doingD.inventingA.concernedB.annoyedC.amazedD.delightedA.sinceB.incaseC.unlessD.asifA.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everythingA.usedB.costC.wastedD.neededA.searchingB.feelingC.admiringD.attendingA.patientlyB.casuallyC.willinglyD.hurriedlyA.vividB.commonC.similarD.rareA.pickedoutB.camethroughC.pickedupD.cameoverA.surpriseB.regretC.reliefD.satisfactionA.excitedB.cheeredC.puzzledD.amusedA.flatB.roughC.sharpD.roundA.approachB.curiosityC.concernD.purposeA.dreamB.workC.houseD.woodA.funnyB.horribleC.royalD.dullA.askedB.repliedC.remindedD.insistedA.SoB.AsC.ButD.AfterA.poundB.billC.noteD.dollarA.rollingB.slippingC.passingD.marchingA.forsureB.invainC.availableD.meaningful第II卷第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Haveyoufondthatmuchofyouronlinecommunicationhasbeenreplacedbyemoj（is表情符号）?Has"HappyBirthday"becomeacake41lightedcandles?Sincetheywereinventedinthe1990sinJapan,emojis,meaning“picturecharacters",42（occupy）theworld.AccordingtoaUK-basedmobiletechnologycompany,6billionemojis43__（use）intextmessagesaresentaroundtheworldeverydaythroughsmartphones.That'swhyforthefirsttimeOxfordDictionary'sWordoftheYearisemoji.Emojisareregardedasanewkindof44（express）.Behindthepopularityofemojisistheriseofyoungpe