新概念英语第二册笔记-第55课

2Lesson55Notagoldmine并非金矿【Text】Dreamsoffindinglosttreasurealmostcametruerecently.Anewmachinecalled'TheRevealer'hasbeeninventedandithasbeenusedtodetectgoldwhichhasbeenburiedintheground.Themachinewasusedinacaveneartheseashorewhere--itissaid--piratesygoldinthecaveandthenfailtocollectit.Armedwiththenewmachine,asearchpartywentintothecavehopingtofindburiedtreasure.TheleaderofthepartywasexaminingthesoilneartheentrancetotherthegroundVeryexcitedthepartydugaholetwofeeldeep.Theyfinallyfoundasmallgoldcoinwhichwasalmostworthless.3Thepartythensearchedthewholecaveemptytintrunk.Inspiteofthis,manypeopleareconfidentthat'TheRevealer'mayrevealsomethingofvaluefairlysoon.【课文翻译】最近，找到失踪宝藏的梦想差一点儿变成现实。一种叫“探宝器”的新机器已经发明出来，并被人们用来探测地下埋藏的金子。在靠近海边的一个据说过去海盗常在里面藏金子的岩洞里，这种机器被派上了用场。海盗们过去常把金子埋藏在那个洞里，可后来却没能取走。一支用这种新机器装备起来的探宝队进入了这个岩洞，希望找到埋藏着的金子。当这个队的队长正在检查洞口附近的土壤时，那台机器显示出它的下面埋有金子。队员们异常激动，就地挖了一个两英尺深的坑，但最后找到的是一枚几乎一钱不值的小金币。队“探宝器”很快就会探出值钱的东西来。4wordsandexpressionsgoldn.金子minen.矿treasuren.财宝revealern.探测器inventv.发明detectv.探测buryv.埋藏caven.山洞seashoren.海岸piraten.海盗armv.武装soiln.泥土entrancen.入口finallyadv.最后adv.彻底地trunkn.行李箱confidentadj.valuen.价值5.gold同义词preciousyellowmetal,golddust变化形(1)n.金子puregold纯金；agoldmedal金牌goldfish金鱼isnotgold(2)有价之物、高贵avoiceofgold金嗓子(3)goldenadj.金的、金色的、贵重如金、幸运的、eg：Speechissilver；silenceisgolden.雄辩是6.mine(1)我的eg：Heisafriendofmine.(2)矿acoal-mine煤矿；agold-mineamineworker＝aminer矿工(3)(知识等的)丰富的资源eg：Heisamineofinformationaboutthepoliticalsituationofthatcountry.常熟悉该国的政情。mineraladj.[ɔminərəl]矿物，矿石，矿的、矿泉的mineralwater['minərəl.wɔ:tə]矿泉水amineralspring一个矿泉.treasure(1)n.金银财宝、财富(gold,silver,jewel,etc.)buriedtreasure埋藏的珍宝thetreasureofthewreckedship遇难的船上的7(2)n.贵重物品品(3)n.(口)宝贝的人、宝贝mydearesttreasure我的宝贝儿(4)v.珍视、珍爱cherishsb’sfriendship＝treasuresb’streasuresthupinone’sheart将某事物铭记于心.revealv.透露、泄露、揭露revealsthtosb(bringsthtolight)误revealfeelings流露感情把秘密向她的男朋友透露了。eg：Thetruthwillberevealedsomeday.总有一8nkofextinction调查结果显示，类种鸟已经濒于灭绝了。revealingadj.揭露(事实真相的)；暴露真相dress暴露的连衣裙revealern.探测器.inventv.发明、创造eg：Whoinventedtheball-pointpen？谁发明了eewteachingmethoddiscoverv.发现eg：I’vediscoveredasuperrestaurantnear9her.我在附近找到一家一流的餐馆!discoveryn.发现.detectv.发现(不好的事物)查出、探测同义词discover,locate,spy,recognize反义词conceal,hide变化形动变detecteddetecteddetectingeg：Thedevicecandetectsmoke.这种装置可用来eg：Amachinewasusedtodetectgold.一仪器器金。eg：Thepolicedetectedtheidentityofthemurder.杀犯的身份。detection[diʃtekʃən]n.察觉，发觉；侦查，探测detectorn.探测器；detectiven.侦探.bury(1)(将尸体)v.埋藏(buried-buried)histreasure刻薄的房东要求和他的宝藏埋葬在一起。(2)埋藏于地下buriedtreasure埋在地下的珍宝eg：Thehousewasburiedundertenfeetofsnow.房子被掩埋在十英尺厚的雪底下.她双手掩面哭了起来.buryoneselfinsth埋头于、专心致力于……eg：Intheevenings,heburieshimselfinhisbooks每天晚上他都埋头读书..caven.山洞同义词lair,shelter,den,cavern变化形名复cavedweller(美口)(都市的)公寓居民cavityn.腔、洞(如牙齿中的洞)holen.洞、孔、坑、洞穴、窟窿.seashoren.海岸,海滨[C][theS]asmallhouseontheseashore在海边的小房子seasickadj.晕船getseasick＝becomejseaside(1)n.海边游憩地eg：Wewillspendthevacationattheseaside.海滨度过一个假期。(2)adj.海岸的aseasidetown海边的城镇.pirate同义词steal,thieve,rob,pilfer变化形名复pirates变化形动变piratedpiratedpirating(1)n.海盗(可做定语)apirateship/flag海盗船、的旗志(2)n.盗印、盗版(可做定语)apiratevideo/tape盗版视频/磁带(3)非法复制集出售唱片、影片、书籍……smuggle[ʌsmʌg(ə)l]vt.走私，非法私运；偷运，run走私者在国与国之间运送枪枝，毒品及其他违禁危险品bootleg['bu:tleg]v.非法制造、运送、销售(酒类),pirate非法复制集出售唱片、影片、书籍…….arm(1)n.手臂handinhand手拉手armchairn.(单座)沙发的脖子。swingone’sarms转动双臂(2)v.武装、装备sarmedforces武装力量(指一国的陆、海、空三军)armedtotheteeth全副武装eg：Hearmedhimselfagainstthecoldwithawarmcoat.他穿一件非常厚的外套抵御严寒。.soil(1)n.泥土、土壤(近义词ground；earth)soil瘠土(2)土地、国家one’snativesoil祖国Irishsoil.entrancen.入口,门口[C][(+to)]变化形名复entrances(1)入口(反义词exit)eg：Whereistheentrancetothepark,please？请问公园的入口在哪里?thefrontentranceofaschool一所学校正门(2)入学entranceintocollege＝entrancetocollege进entranceexamination入学考试.finallyadv.最后地finaladj.最后的备这本字典最后一个字是什么？finaldecision最后判决、决定；finalgoal最终finalsn.期末考试→takethefinals参加期末finallyadj.最后、终于.worthlessadj.毫无价值的worthadj.值得的,值钱的beworthdoing值得做...eg：Thefilmisworthseeingagain.这部影片值得s-less表反义的后缀：brainless愚笨的；helpless无助的；endless没有尽头的；priceless无价的、珍贵的meaningless无意义的harmless无害处的hopeless没有希望的useless毫无用处的.thoroughlyadv.彻底地、完全的givetheroomathoroughcleaning把房间彻底打扫一番.thoroughlyadv.彻底地、完全的(completely,everyinch)eg：Heisathoroughlyniceperson.他是个大好人.eg：Theysearchedthecavethoroughly.他们把彻底搜寻了一遍。throughprep穿过gothroughthetunnel穿过隧道.trunk同义词stem,stalk,bole,chest反义词branch变化形名复trunks变化形动变trunkedtrunkedtrunking(1)树干、躯干trunk[trɑdk]n.树干；leaf(leaves)[li:f]n.twig[twig]n.细枝，嫩枝；bough[bau]n.大树枝branch[brɑ:ntɑ]n.树枝；分部：root[ru:t]n.根(部)(2)n.大行李箱、大衣箱purse)手提包(3)象鼻子(4)(美)(轿车车尾的)行李箱＝(英：boot).confidentadj.确信的;有信心的,自信的[(+of)]...inaconfidentmanner用自信的方法aconfidentlook自信的表情；beconfidentofsth对某事有信心beconfidentthat对...坚信,肯定econfidencen.信心eg：Youaretooshy.Youshouldhavemorenyourselfconfidentialadj. (1)机密的→confidentialpapers机密文件 secretary机要秘密.value同义词worth,excellence,usefulness,nce变化形名复values变化形动变aluing (1)n.价值、效用eg：Wemustrealizethevalueofhumor. (2)价格、价钱marketvalue市场价格thevalueofland土地的价格valuableadj.有价值的somethingisvaluable＝somethingisofvaluesomethingisofgreatvalue.某事具有极大的价值valuelessadj.无价值的、无效果的＝(worthless)invaluable极其价值的；priceless[ˈpraisləs]极其贵重的numberless无数的innumerable[iˈnju:mərəbəl]多的数不清的、极多的numerous[ˈnju:mərəs]很多的二．Keystructures：usedto与would⑴usedto和would都可用来描述在过去某一段时间内的习惯动作或经常做的事，一般来说，我们用usedto而would不能。eg：Ihavegivenupsmoking.Iusedtosmokeveryheavily.示过去重复的动作，不能表示状况和情况：小说曾经是很受欢迎⑶would可用于表是过去很不规则的的习惯，所以常和度副词连用；在非正式文体中usedto也可以这样用：WhenIwasyoung,Iusedtohavealotmoreworkandwouldalwaysgethomeearly.forawalk.NowIneverhavetimeofanythinglikethat.up.2)Itissaidpiratesusedto/wouldhidegoldhere3)Thepirateswould/usedtooftenburye的5)’I’llleavethisjobforabetterone’.hes分词用法(现在分词doing/过去分词v.+ed)1.分词性质：补或状语。其中，现在分词表主动的含义，或动作正在进行；过去分词表示被动含意，或动作已完成.、定语宾补或状语。abrokenglass＝aglasswhichisbrokenabeatenteam＝ateamwhichisbeaten＊beat[bi:t]vt.打；战胜vi.跳动n.跳动(声)；节拍＊beaten['bi:tn]adj.被击败的,锤成的,踩出来的,eg：Thisistheproblemdiscussedatthelastmeeting＝Thisistheproblemwhichwasdiscussedatthelastmeeting.eg：Theproblembeingdiscussedisveryimportant.important.语，放在所修饰的名词之后。2.分词作定语的句子能改写为定语从句。3.区别现在分词作定语和动名词作定语。现在分词作定语：动作正在进行着eg：Thenewssoundsexciting.eg：Theygotveryexcited.oreeg：Mywatchisgone.我的表不见了。eg：Thebookisinteresting.eg：Heisinterestedinthebook.do+ing令人……do+ed感到……gbesidemed＊weigh[wei]vi.称得重量vt.称，称…的重量；权衡ringing铃声eg：Ihadatoothpulledoff.egIfoundthesnakeeatingtheeggs.eg：Ifoundthesnake(to)eattheeggs.定式表动作已发生完了。Ifoundtheeggseatenbythesnake蛇吃了。eg：Heheardsomeonecallinghim.eg：Heheardhisnamecalled.oorEnglishll1.后接宾语再接分词作宾补的常用动词：2.动词不定式做宾补→动作全过程现在分词作宾补→动作正在进行过去分词做宾补→被动概念4)作状语(现在分词表主动，进行；过去分词表被动，eg：AsIdidn’treceiveherletter,Icalledhertelephone→Notreceivingherletter,Icalledherupbytelephone.eg：WhileIwaswalkingtoschool,Imetafriend.Imetafriendeg：Whenshewasaskedifshehadanybadhabit,sheansweredthatshewasaheavysmoker.→Askedifshehadanybadhabit,shensweredthatshewasaheavysmoker1.分词作状语可以还原为状语从句。2.运用此类句型时前后主语要保持一致。rrowtarttomorrow落水者→adrowningperson；溺水者→a.Dreamsoffindinglosttreasurealmostcametruerecently.最近,找到失踪宝藏的梦想差一点儿变成现实.※of+v-ing介词短语作后置定语※cometrue(预言、期望等)实现，成为事实(不用被eg：Hisdreamcametrue.eg：Herealizedhisdream.(hisdreamwas.Anewmachinecalled'TheRevealer'hasbeeninventedandithasbeenusedtodetectldwhichhasbeenburiedintheground一种叫“探宝器”的新机器已经发明出来,并被人们用来探测地下埋藏的金子.※beusedtodo＝beusedfordoing被用作做eg：Thistoolisusedforcutting.这个工具是用来切割eg：Thisbottleisusedtoholdthemedicine.※useup用完,耗尽(口)筋疲力尽＝beusedupv.筋疲力尽eg：Thesoldierswereusedupafterthelongbattle.＊battle[ˈbætl]n.战役(斗);斗争,决斗vi.作战,斗争※usedtodo过去常常做某事eg：Weusedtoliveinthecity.※beusedto+n./pron./doing习惯于(后接动名词或现在分词)被用来(后接动词原形)eg：Heisusedtothiskindofjob.※becomeusedto/getusedto习惯于eg：You’llsoongetusedtoourwayofliving.eg：I’musedtostayinguplate.我习惯熬夜eg：I’musedtolookingaftermyself.我已经习eg：Shedidn’tlikethisdistrictatfirst,butsheisusedtoitnow.＊district[ˈdistrikt]n.区，地区，行政区.Themachinewasusedinacaveneartheseashorewhere--itissaid--piratesusedtohidegold.在靠近海边的一个据说过去海盗常在里面藏金子的岩洞里,这种机器被派上了用场.※wasusedin被使用Thepirateswouldoftenburygoldinthecaveandthenfailtocollectit.海盗们过去常把金子埋藏在那个洞里,可后来却没能取走.※failtodo未能(做)...,没能(做)...eg：Ifyoureceivearequestlikethis,youcan’tfailtoobeyit.表过去某段时间内经常性动作(通常不很规律).Armedwiththenewmachine,asearchpartywentintothecavehopingtofindburiedtreasure.一支用这种新机器装备起来的探宝队进入了这个岩洞,希望找到埋藏着的金子.※armedwith过去分词短语作状语，表是伴随状态。followedbyhisstudents.threechildrenhopingtofind现再分词短语作状语，表示伴随状态roachedussmiling们eg：Someleftthehallstillweeping.有些人离开.Theleaderofthepartywasexaminingthesoilneartheentrancetothecavewhentheground.当这个队的队长正在检查洞口附近的土壤时,那台机器显示出它的下面埋有金子.wasexamining过去某时正在检查；过去进行时，描述※entranceto...的入口.Veryexcited,thepartydugaholetwofeeldeep.队员们异常激动,就地挖了一个两英尺深的坑,eg：Tiredofsleepingonthefloor,hedecidedtobuyarealbed.n(dug)digatunnelthroughthemountain挖一条贯通山部(尤指想使某人同享自己所听到的笑话时的动作).Theyfinallyfoundasmallgoldcoinwhichthewholecavethoroughlybutdidnotfindanythingexceptanemptytintrunk.但最后找到的是一枚几乎一钱不值的小金币.队员们接着又把整个洞彻底搜寻了一遍,但除了一只空铁皮箱外什么也没找到.'TheRevealer'mayrevealsomethingofvaluefairlysoon.尽管如此,很多人仍然相信“探宝器”很快就会探出值钱的东西来.ththat有信心，确信somethingof在某种意义(或程度)上accent.他说话带德国口音＊accent[ˈæksənt,ækˈsent]n.口音,腔调；重音(符号)vt.重读orsomething诸如此类的什么eg：Hehitatreeorsomething.他撞上了一棵树或其他什么东西.※fairly：语气最轻的一个‘还算，勉强’eg：Theworkisfairlyhard.这项工作是还算很难。于veryeg：Itisquitewarmtoday.eg：It’sratherhottoday.Icanhardlybearit.今天相当热，我简直不能忍受。eg：I’veeatenrathersomuch.我吃得太多了四．SpecialDifficulties：区别：Iuse使用,Iamusedto习惯于，Iusedto…….过去常常Exercise选择正确的动词：1.He(