中考总复习之复合句

复合句并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成的。并列句中各简单句的地位同等重要，相互之间是平行并列的关系。1.构成：简单句+并列连词+简单句2.常见的并列连词：and,but,or,so,for3.祈使句+and/or+简单句是一个固定句型，此句型中的祈使句在意义上相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。Studyhardandyouwillmakeaprogress.=ifyoustudyhard,youwillmakeaprogress.Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.=ifyoudon’thurryup,youwillbelate.4.其他的常用于连接并列句的连词有：then,while,when,yet,notonly…butalso,neither…nor,either…or,both…and,aswellas注意1.because与so不能同时出现在一个句子中。Becausehewashungry,heateupallofthefood./Hewashungry,soheateupallofthefood.2.although/though与but不能同时出现在同一个句子中。Thougheveryoneistired,noneofthemstoptohavearest./Everyoneistired,butnoneofthemstoptohavearest.试真题1.Fatherwon’tallowmetoplayoutside____Iwashupthedishes.A.ifnotB.ifC.unlessD.because2.Anna,youwearanewdresstoday!Itfitsmewell,____thecolorisnotmyfavorite.A.andB.soC.butD.or3.Thetrafficrulessaydriversmustn’tdriveiftheyaredrunk,____theywillbepunished.A.orB.butC.andD.so4.Don’tmeetan“internetfriend”alone,____somethingdangerousmayhappentoyou.A.butB.andC.orD.yet5.Bringtheseflowersintoawarmroom____theywillsoonopen.A.orB.andC.butD.for6.I’dliketogowithyou,____I’mtoobusy.A.orB.andC.soD.but7.Spendmoretimetalkingwithyourparents,____theymaynotwellunderstandyou.A.orB.soC.andD.but8.Idon’tlikesinging____dancing.Whataboutyou?Idon’tlikedancing,____Ilikesinging.A.and;andB.and;butC.or;butD.or;and过模拟1.Somebodyiswaitingoutside.Hewantstoseeyou.____nooneknowsI’mhere.A.forB.andC.butD.so2.Miketriedhisbest,____hecaughtupwiththeothersatlast.A.andB.orC.butD.because3.Minaisverytiredbecauseshe____worksverylate____doesallthehouseworkathome.A.neither;norB.either;orC.both;andD.notonly;butalso4.Wouldyouliketogototheconcertwithme?I’dloveto,____I’mafraidIhavenotime.A.soB.orC.butD.though5.Standoverthere,____youwillgetabetterviewofthewholecity.A.orB.andC.butD.though6.Jenny,putonyourcoat,____youwillcatchacold.A.butB.andC.orD.so7.Ithinkyourfatherisverybusy.Soheis.____hestilltakesawalkwithussometimes.A.soB.andC.orD.but8.Whatdoyouthinkofthisskirt?It’sbeautifulanditfitsmewell,____Ilikeitverymuch.A.sinceB.soC.butD.because9.Doyoulikeplayingtennis?No,____Ilikesports.IplayfootballeverySunday.A.andB.butC.soD.or复合句的类型由一个主句和一个或者一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。初中涉及到的复合句主要有宾语从句，状语从句和定语从句。1.宾语从句引导词及其作用引导词作用例句That本身无意义，只起连接作用，口语中可省略Hesaid(that)Katewasgoodatswimming.What，which，who，whose，whom在从句中作一定的成分，如主语，宾语等Idon’tknowwhattheyaregoingtodo.When，where，why，how在从句中作状语Couldyoutellmewhereyouarefrom?If，whether意为“是否”，不做句子成分但不能省略HeaskedmeifMissWeiwasateacher.语序在含有宾语从句的复合句中，不管充当宾语从句的句子原来是什么语序，构成宾语从句时一定要用陈述语序。如：Idon’tknowwhereshecomesfrom.主句从句例句现在时根据实际情况而定Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedhere10yearsago.过去式过去的时态Iknewwholivedhere.Hesaidthathehadseenit.不管何种时态，只要从句讲述客观真理一般现在时Theteacheraskedtheboyiftheearthisround.时态注意如果一句话中宾语从句很长，那么可以用it作为形式宾语，以免句子头重脚轻。HemadeitquiteclearthathepreferredtostudyEnglish.状语从句类型类别连词例句时间状语从句When，while，as，since，until，till，assoonasIwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenhecamein.条件状语从句IfWe’llgotoseeyouifwearefree.原因状语从句Because，since，asSinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginthemeeting.目的状语从句SothatPleasespeakslowlysothatwecanfollowyou.结果状语从句Sothat,so/such…that,Wegotupsolatethatwemissedtheearlybus.让步状语从句Though/althoughTheairisaroundus.Thoughwecan’tseeit.比较状语从句Than,as…as,notso/as…asItwasmuchbetterthanI’dexpected.方式状语从句AsWedidastheteachertoldus.地点状语从句whereWherethereisawill,thereisaway.关系词功能例句Who,that主语，宾语，表语Doyouknowthegirlwho/thatoftencomeshere?Whom,that宾语He’stheboy(whom/that)Italkedwithjustnow.That,which主语Adictionaryisabookthat/whichgivesthemeaningofwords.宾语Theschool(that/which)wevisitedyesterdayisafamousoneinShanghai.表语Thisisthefactory(that/which)wevisitedyesterday.关系词只能用which的情况：1.引导非限定性定语从句时。Thetree,whichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.2.关系词前有介词Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.关系词只能用that的情况：1.当现行词是everything,anything,nothing,something,all,none,little,few等时。2.当先行词被every，any，all，some，no，little，few，much等修饰时。3.当先行词被theonly，thevery修饰时。4.当先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。5.当先行词既有人又有物时。试真题1.Therearesomanyfoggydaysthesedays.Weallwanttoknow____.A.howcanwedotopreventitB.howwecandotopreventitC..whatwecandotopreventitD.whatcanwedotopreventit2.WhensomeChinesewomenweredancingtoloudmusicinaparkinNewYork,thepeople____livednearbycalledthepolice.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which3.Mostofmyclassmatespreferloudmusic____theycandanceto.A.thatB.whoC.whoseD.where4.Couldyoutellme____?AttheendofJuly.A.howoftenheheardfromhispenpalB.howsoonhewillbehereC.thathewentonvacationD.whenyouwillstartyourvacation5.Doyouknow____?Yes,Ido.Hewentbyskateboarding!A.whetherPaulwillgoornotB.whenwillPaultotothepartyC.howpaulwenttothepartyD.howdidPaulgototheparty6.Excusemedoyouknow____?Aboutfiveminutes’walk.A.wherethehospitalisB.howfarthehospitalisC.howIcangettothehospital7.Theshop____sellsflowersisattheendofthestreet.A.whoB.whereC.which8.Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers____IvisitedinLondonyearsago.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.which9.Agraduationceremonyisacustom____takesplace____studentsgraduatefromaschool.A.which;whenB.that;whoC.which;whoseD.that;which10.I’mgoingtobuyacar.Anyadvice,Charlie?Well,itdependson____.Ifmoneyisn’taproblem,youcanbuyaBMW.A.whenyouwillbuyoneB.howmuchyoucanaffordC.whatcoloryoulikeD.whereyouaredriving过模拟1.Excuseme,couldyoutellme___?Sorrysir.Iwasn’tthereatthattime.A.howdidtheaccidenthappenB.howtheaccidenthappenedC.howdoestheaccidenthappenD.howtheaccidenthappens2.Doyoulikeadvertisements?Yes,butIhatethose___areshownonTVmanytimeseveryday.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.whose3.Pleasegivemethebook___coverisgreen.Ok?Hereyouare.A.whoseB.thatC.whenD.which4.Icouldn’tagreewith___atthemeeting.A.thatyousideB.whichyousideC.allwhatyousideD.whatyouside5.WhatdoyouthinkofthebookAHawTreewrittenbyawomanwriter?Itremindsmeofthedays___Ispentinthecountryside.A.whenB.thatC.whoD.where6.Doyouthink___heshouldgotothemusicclubornot?Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.thatB.whatC.whenD.whether7.Thosepictureswillshowyou___。A.whatourschoollookslikeB.whatdoesourschoollooklikeC.howdoesourschoollooklikeD.howourschoollookslike8.Whatdidthewomanaskjustnow?sheasked___.A.whowasIwaitingforB.whereIliveC.howcanshegettothepostofficeD.whetherIcouldhelpherfindthepostoffice9.Whatdoyouusuallydoinyourfreetime?Ienjoyreadinginthelibrary___Ilosemyselfinaworldofgoodbooks.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.how10.___regularexerciseisveryimportant,it’snotagoodideatoexercisetooclosetobedtime.A.ifB.asC.althoughD.unless11.Canyoutellmehowmanycolures___inarainbow?Seven.A.thereareB.arethereC.theyareD.arethey12.Janeisoneofthestudentsintheclass___haveeverbeentoChina.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom1.Doyoustillrememberthetime___wewenthikinginthemountains?Yes,ofcourse.Wehadagoodtimethere.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when2.Couldyoutellme___,please?Yes.WalkalongZhongshanRoadforabout390meters.It’sonyourleft.A.howcanIgettoHualianSupermarketB.howIcangettoHualianSupermarketC.howdidIgettoHualianSupermarketD.howIgottoHualianSupermarket3.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme___lateron?Waitaminute.Itiscomingin10minutes.A.ifthenexttrainarrivesB.ifthenexttrainwillarriveC.whenthenexttrainarrivesD.whenwillthenexttrainarrive4.Hewas___tired___hefellasleepassoonashelaydown.A.too;toB.so;thatC.such;thatD.enough;that5.Couldyoupleasetellme___?LiveinEnshi,Hubei.A.wheredoyouliveB.ifyouliveinEnshiC.whereyouliveD.whereyouwereborn6.Doyouknowthemanunderthetree?Sorry,Idon’tknow___.A.howisheB.whatisheC.whoheisD.whereishe7.Wouldyoupleasetellme___?At10:00thisevening.A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleaveD.whenthetrainleave8.Doyouknow___?Lastyear.A.whenhecamehereB.whendidhecomehereC.whenhewillcomehereD.whenwillhecomehere9.Haveyoufoundtheinformationaboutthefamouspeople___youcanuseforthereport?Notyet.A.whoB.whatC.whomD.which10.Excuseme.CanIinterviewMr.Millerthisafternoon?Amoment,please.Letmecheck___.A.ifMr.MillerwillbefreeB.whenwillMr.MillerhavetimeC.ifMr.MillerhadanappointmentD.whendoesMr.Millercomeback11.Theseanimalsareindanger.Weshouldthink___toprotectthem.A.whatcanwedoB.whatwecandoC.whichcanwedoD.whichwecando12.Idon’tknowifmy