高中英语语法填空讲解与练习课件

语法填空Grammar

Filling1、阅读、理解语篇的能力;2、分析句子结构的能力;3、熟练运用语法,短语的能力。语法填空题两类“空”：纯空格（3-4个）给词空(6-7个）谓语（时态—语态—数）非谓语（to

do---doing—done)3.词类转换(名—形—副）冠、代、介、连、引导词解题关键：1

把握大意；中主语、谓语、连词2

找关键词；找出句

主语、谓语、连词横线前后词既要符合语意，又要合乎语法！忽略文意，直奔题目！切忌：原则：给词空考点讲解：谓语（时态—语态—数）非谓语（to

do---doing—done)3.词类转换(名—形—副）4.形容词副词（原级—比较级—最高级）2.Theydidn’ttake

many

chances

in

theirlives.They(follow)orders.3.Ihadto

leave

work

to

take

him

to

the1.The

exam,

which

was

originally

to

beheld

inourclassroom,

waschanged(change)

to

the

library

at

thelastminute.usually

followedhospital

because

he

had

broken(break)

his

finger.考点一、谓语动词括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子的主干，确定主句，如果缺谓语，就要根据上下文语境和意思确定动词的数、时态和语态。如果空格前是助动词（will,shall等）、情态动词（can,

may,

must等）或是动词加to的形式，则空格一定是动词原形。如果空格前是have的各种形式，则想到构成。完成时如果空格前是be的各种形式，则想到用进行时态或被动语态。应试策略考点二、非谓语动词

solved1.Hesits

in

the

classroom,reading

(read)a

book.2.

Withthe

problem(solve),

Ifelt

proud

of

my

achievement.3.

I

got

up

early(catch)

the(build)next5.

Thebuilding,

to

be

builttocatchfirst

bus.4.

Thebuilding,

built

(build)

last

year,is

a

teaching

building.year,

is

a

teaching

building.6.

Thebuilding,

being

built

(build)

now,is

a

teaching

building.非谓语动词，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和所如果；动词不定式。做题时确定所给出的词与修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。与中心词是主动关系，一般用V-ing形式应试策略如果与中心词是被动关系，一般用V-ed形式

；如果表示将来，一般用动词不定式。非谓语在单项选择里考会很难，但在语法其填空里考，却成了比较简单的考点。如果“空”所在的句子已经有了谓语动词，而且提示词是动词，那么这时候考察的是非谓语动词形式。personal考点三、词性转换Most

of

the

people

in

the

town

showed

pityon

him,

but

it

was

useless

(use).He

hugged

the

little

boy

tightly

(tight).Some

people

think

that

the

great

Chinesescholar

Confucius,

who

lived

from

roughly551

to

479

B.C.,

influenced

thechopsticks.4.…,

so

I’m

very

careful

not

to

give

outmy(person)

information.development

(develop)

of括号内给出单词的其他形式，通过分析句子结构，判断句子缺少什么成分（修饰什么词），再用正确的单词形式补充完整，该空同时考查同学们的单词拼写能力。应试策略

cheaper考点四、形容词或副词One

of

the

worst(bad)

gift

choicesI

ever

made

was

for

my

high

schoolEnglish

teacher,

Miss

Li.For

a

family

of

four,

for

example,

it

ismore

convenient

as

well

as(cheap)

to

sit

comfortably

at

home,…3.If

you

feel

stressed

by

responsibilitiesat

work,

you

should

take

a

step

backand

identify

those

of

greater

(great)

andless

importance.应试策略括号内给出形容词或副词，要根据上下文语境确定用原级、比较级还是最高级形式。形容词修饰名词/代词副词修饰动词/形容词/副词/句子小试牛刀：pointed

them

out

with

(patient).【

2015

课标全国

Ⅰ

】

It

was

raining

lightly

wh

arrive(darrive)In

Yangshuo

just before

dawn(黎明).【2015

安徽】Just

as

I

got

to

the

school

gate

,I

realizedhadle(ftleave)

my

book

in

therestaurant.3

.

【

2014

江西

】

Whpeanteievnecr

eI

made

mistakes,

the

teacpianos【

2014

天津

】

After

the event(

活动）

the

(pianwere

donated

to

local

school

and

commkueneiptyinggroups.The

woman

look

around

the

shop,

(keep)

an

eyeon

herbaby.【2016全国卷Ⅱ】

achievement

t

important

tasks

first

sHandle

the

mosyou’ll

feel

a

sense

of

(achoiefvfiec)i.ally纯空格类考点讲解：冠词代词介词连词引导词考点五、冠词He

lied

to

the

teacher

with

the

same

reason.Youcannowmake

an

educated

decision

about

whatcareer

to

pursue.The

author

of

the

study

suggestedthat

encouraging

more

books

readingmightbeusefaul

way

toprevent

childhood

accidents.如果空格后是单数可数名词表泛指，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填不定冠词

(a,

an)。如果空格后是序数词、最高级或提及上文提到过的人或物（特指）等时，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填定冠词

(the)。应试策略Firstly,

we

must

understand

thelanguagewhenwehear

it

spoken.Thelittleboypulled

his

right

handout

of

the

pocket

and

gave

me

somemoney.I

patiently

walked

to

the

library,tookmy

seat

and

did

some

deep

breathing

tohelp

relax

myself

.考点六、代词首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中所充当的成分确定用哪个代词。如果空格后是名词，就应该考虑空格处是否用物主代词(my,your,his等)、指示代词(this,that等)、不定代词(few,little,many,much,all,each,every,

both,neither,other等)、名词所有格等进行修饰。如果空格前是动词

,

就应考虑用人称代词和反身代词。应试策略考点七、介词Television

is

now

playing

a

veryimportantrole

in

ourlife.…more

than

nine

thousand

youngAmericans,

dissatisfied

with

their

trainingathome,wenttoGermany

for

advancedstudy.It

was

in

this

very

room

that

she

gavebirth

to

Lindaseventeenyearsago.

In

India,

for

example,

mostpeopletraditionally

eat

with

their

hands.应试策略掌握一些常用介词的用法、含义和固定搭配；介词可位于名词之前。如atnight,

on

Sunday等；也可位于形容词之后，如be

interested

in,

begoodat等；还可位于

不及物动词之后

，如

listen

to,arrive

at,

lookfor等。it

was

also

time

for

theyoungpanda

to

beindependent.If

a

family

has

many

children,

the

middleone

sometimes

gets

lost

in

the

crowd.The

youngest

child,

however

,

often

getsspecial

treatment.It

was

time

for

her

to

have

a

new

baby,and考点八、连（接）词表示递进：besides,

further,

furthermore,moreover等；but,nevertheless,however,yet等；表示转折：空格前后两个句子都含有主谓结构时，则要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的连词或连接词。表示并列：

and,or等；表示因果：

so,

for,

therefore,

thus等；应试策略表示让步：while,although,

though,等。

that考点九、引导词1.

One

day,

he

came

up

with

an

idea

that

he

would

help

me

with

myproject.2.Somewhopeople

say

that

some

children,are

smart

and

strong-willed,

arevery

likely

to

succeed.3.So

careless

was

II

hadI

saw.forgotten

all

about

that.4.I

was

really

surprised

at

what空格前后都是一个句子,做题时应该从句子的意义去判断是属于什么类型的复合句（定语从句、名词性从句或者状语从句），再确定填什么引导词。应试策略如何判断从句类型？空格前是名词空格前是及物动词空格前是系动词空格在句首定语从句同位语语从句主语从句状语从句所填词在后面句子中充当成分不充当成分宾语从句表语从句判断状语从句类型时还可以根据前后句句子之间的意思及逻辑关系来判断是什么状语从句小试牛刀：1.【2014山东】Susanmade

clearto

me

that

she

wished

to

make

a

new

life

for

herself.

2.【2014北京】Jane

is

in

a

hurry

because

the

train

to

the

airport

leaves

half

an

hour.4.【2014安徽】The

exact

yeartogether

in

China

was

in2008.it3

.

【

2015

重庆

】

He

wrote

many

children’s books,

nearly

half

were

publishedwinhthice

h1990s.thKaat/tewahndichher

family

spentinThe

exact

year

wKhaetenandher

family

visit

China

was

in

2008Hurryup,

you’ll

miss

the

early

bus.or一步来把全文看，把握主旨逻辑线；二步开始做答案，容易做的先做完；难题放在第三步，上下文里找答案；四步复读很关键，保证全文意连贯。Practice

makes

perfect.Yangshuo,

ChinaIt

was

raining

lightly

when

I

61

(

arrive

)

in

Yangshuojust

before

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But

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A

few

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62

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in

Hong

Kong,

with

63_(

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Here,

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and

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skipped

nearby

Guilin,

a

dream

place

for

touristsseeking

the

limestonemountain

tops

and

dark

waters

of

theLi

River_64

are

pictured

by

artists

in

so

many

Chinese_65

(painting).

Instead,

I

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head

straight

for

Yangshuo.For

those

who

fly

to

Guilin,

it’s

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an

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away

66_car

and

offers

all

the

scenery

of

the

better-known

city.Yangshuo

67

(

be

)

really

beautiful.

A

study

otravelers_68

(conduct)

by

the

website

Trip

Advisor

namesYangshuo

as

one

of

the

top

10

destinations

in

the

world.And

the

town

is

fast

becoming

a

popular

weekenddestination

for

people

in

Asia.

Abercrombie

&

Kent,

atravel

company

in

Hong

Kong,

says

it

(

regular

)

arrangesquick

getaways

here

for

people_70

(

live

)

in

Shanghai

and【2015课标全国Ⅰ】Yangshuo,

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was

raining

lightly

whenI

a6r1rived(

arrive

)

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Yangshuo

justbefore

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62 ,

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been

athomites

in

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Kong,

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the

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a

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in

so

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for

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石灰岩山

)

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adark

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Li

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are(

paintpinagin)t.ingInsstead,

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head

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Yangshuo.

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who

fly

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it’s

onlbyy

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66_

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and

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allthe

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67

i(sbe

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really

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dthuecwteebdsite

TripAdvisortravelers

_68

names

Yangshuo

as

one

of

the

top

10

destinations

in

theworld.

And

the

town

is

fast

becoming

a

popular

weekenddestination

for

people

in

Asia.

Abercrombie

&

Kent,

atravel

company

in

Hong

Kong,

says

it

(

regular

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quick

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for

people_70

(

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dwellings (

土坯房

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61

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build

）

by

the

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American

Southwest

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In

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