人力资源管理英文PPT03

JobAnalysisAPreludetoRecruitmentandPlacementAfterStudyingThisChapter,

YouShouldBeAbleTo:Discussthenatureofjobanalysis,includingwhatitisandhowit’susedUseatleastthreemethodsofcollectingjobanalysisinformationWritejobdescriptionsincludingsummariesandjobfunctionsusingtheInternetandtraditionalmethodsWritejobspecifications

usingtheInternetaswellasyourjudgment.Part1:TheNatureofJobAnalysisJobanalysisdefinedUsesofjobanalysisinformationStepsinjobanalysisJobAnalysis–Whatisit

Theprocedurefordeterminingthedutiesandskillrequirementsofajobandthekindofpersonwhoshouldbehiredforit.WhatInformationdoICollect?Workactivities，完成每项活动的方法，原因和时间。Humanbehaviors:感知、沟通、决策Machines,tools,equipmentandworkaidsPerformancestandardsJobcontext(工作环境）：物理环境、社会环境Humanrequirements（对人的要求）与工作有关的知识和技能，个人品性等UsesofJobAnalysisInformationJobAnalysisRecruitingandSelectionDecisionsPerformanceAppraisalJobEvaluation—WageandSalaryDecisions(Compensation)TrainingRequirementsJobDescriptionandJobSpecificationFigure3-1StepsinJobAnalysisDecidehowtousetheinformation(jobdescription;jobspecification;training;appraisal)Reviewrelevantbackgroundinformation（organizationchart组织流程图;processchart工作流程图，jobdescription)SelectrepresentativepositionsConducttheanalysis(methods)VerifywiththeworkerandsupervisorDevelopajobdescriptionandjobspecificationEmployeesmaybeConcernedBecauseof–ResistancetochangePossiblechangestojobdutiesChangestopayLackoftrustofconsequencesPart2:MethodsofCollectingJobAnalysisInformationTheinterviewQuestionnaireObservationParticipantdiary/logs(现场工作日志法）QuantitativetechniquesWidelyUsed:TheInterviewIndividualinterviewswitheachemployeeGroupinterviewswithgroupsofemployeeswhohavethesamejobSupervisorinterviewswithoneormoresupervisorswhoknowthejob.SampleInterviewQuestionsWhatisthejobbeingperformed?Whatarethemajordutiesofyourposition?Whatexactlydoyoudo?Whatphysicallocationsdoyouworkin?Whataretheeducation,experience,skill,andcertificationandlicensingrequirements?Inwhatactivitiesdoyouparticipate?Whatarethejob’sresponsibilitiesandduties?SampleInterviewQuestions(continued)Whatarethebasicaccountabilitiesorperformancestandardsthattypifyyourwork?Whatareyourresponsibilities?Whataretheenvironmentalandworkingconditionsinvolved?Whatarethejob’sphysicaldemands?Theemotionalandmentaldemands?Whatarethehealthandsafetyconditions?Areyouexposedtoanyhazardsorunusualworkingconditions?HowtoConductaQuestionnaireSessionUseaspecificquestionnaireEstablishrapportFollowastructuredapproachListdutiesinorderofimportanceorfrequencyofoccurrenceReviewandverifythedata根据不同职位和调查的不同目的设计调查问卷，Visit:/data/G012.htmObservationTakecompletenotesObservationmaybecombinedwithinterviewingTalkwiththepersonbeingobserved–explainwhatishappeningandwhyAskquestionsDiariesandLogs现场工作日志法Time-consumingSelf-reportingRememberingwhatwasdoneearlierCanusedictatingmachines指示器andpagers寻呼机QuantitativeJobAnalysisTechniques三种常见方法：PositionAnalysisQuestionnaire职位分析问卷法()TheU.S.DepartmentofLaborapproach美国劳工部职位分析法Functionaljobanalysis功能职位分析法PositionAnalysisQuestionnaire（以量化等级确定每个职位的薪资等级)ThePositionAnalysisQuestionnaire(PAQ)isastructuredjobanalysisinstrumenttomeasurejobcharacteristicsandrelatethemtohumancharacteristics.Itconsistsof194jobelementsthatrepresentinacomprehensivemannerthedomainofhumanbehaviorinvolvedinworkactivities.Theitemsthatfallintofivecategories:Informationinput(whereandhowtheworkergetsinformation),信息处理Mentalprocesses(reasoningandotherprocessesthatworkersuse),智力加工、决策、沟通Workoutput(physicalactivitiesandtoolsusedonthejob),操作机器Relationshipswithotherpersons,andJobcontext(thephysicalandsocialcontextsofwork).Visit:

/data/G012.htm,and/

SamplePositionAnalysisQuestionnaireFigure3-4TheU.S.DepartmentofLaborapproach美国劳工部职位分析法DATAPEOPLETHINGS0Synthesizing0Mentoring0Settingup1Coordinating整理1Negotiating1Precisionworking精密加工2Analyzing2Instructing2Operating—controlling3Compiling汇编3Supervising3Driving—operatingBasic4Computing4Diverting取悦4Manipulating操作Activities5Copying5Persuading5Tending6Comparing6Speaking—signaling示意7Serving6Feeding进料、卸料接待员：567精神分析助理工：1757Handling装卸8Takinginstructions—helping接受指令、协助Table3-1FunctionalJobAnalysis（工作绩效标准和培训）

Sevenscalestodescribewhatworkersdoinjobs:

(1)Things(2)Data(3)People(4)WorkerInstructions需要指导的程度(5)Reasoning推理判断(6)Math(7)Language“Todothistaskandmeetthesestandards,

whattrainingdoestheworkerrequire?”

Part3

WritingJobDescriptions

职位说明书JobIdentification工作识别JobSummary职位概述RelationshipsResponsibilitiesandDuties职责与任务StandardsofPerformance绩效标准WorkingConditionsandPhysicalEnvironmentJobIdentificationTitle职位名称Date编写日期Approvals批准人Supervisor’stitle上级职务Salary薪酬Gradelevel等级（一级程序员）JobSummaryGeneralnature总体性质Majorfunctionsoractivities主要功能和活动Includesgeneralstatements一般概述RelationshipsStatementforHumanResourceDirectorWorkswithalldepartmentmanagersandexecutivemanagementWorkswithemploymentagencies,recruiters,union,stateandfederalagencies,ResponsibilitiesandDutiesExamplesEstablishesmarketinggoalstoensureshareofmarketMaintainingbalancedandcontrolledinventoriesPurchasingauthorityDiscipline对本部门人员进行纪律惩戒InterviewingandhiringStandardsofPerformance-ExampleDuty:MeetingDailyProductionSchedule完成每日工作计划Workgroupproducesnofewerthan426unitsperworkingdayNextworkstation工序

rejectsnomorethananaverageof2%ofunitsWeeklyovertimedoesnotexceedanaverageof5%每周加班平均不超过5％JobDescriptions

Checkthiswebsiteforsamplejobdescriptions.

Whatdoyoulikeaboutthem?What,ifanything,ismissing?