照相手机CCM模组SMIA标准 预览

五、照相手機CCM模組SMIA標準1SMIA

(Standard

MobileImaging

Architecture)2

Specifications

of

camera

modules

for

provisionof

mobile

device

manufacturers’

conveniencefor

mounting

of

a

module

in

mobile

phones,

byfunctionally

or

optically

standardizing

operationperformance

of

camera

modules

SMIA

is

proposed

by

Nokia

and

ST-Microelectronics

on

1st.07.2004.

It

is

possible

that

SMIA

will

be

part

standard

ofMIPI(Mobile

lndustry

Processor

lnterface)SMIA

Overview

Making

a

Raw

Bayer

Sensor

Module

easier

to

integrate

in

asystem

to

create

a

‘camera’.

Creating

a

standard

applicable

to

a

wide

range

of

sensorresolutions

and

frame-rates,

to

proliferate

a

family

of

‘likemodules

with

known

upgrade

paths.Improving

design

and

verification

cycles.Enabling

true

second

sourcing

of

sensor

modules.34Interface

of

SMIA

standard□CCP2

(Compact

Camera

Port

2)CCP2

is

a

4-wrie

Low

EMI

SubLVDS

data

link.

The

maximumdata

rate

is

650

Mbps.

This

is

sufficient

to

support

readout

ofimage

of

up

to

2

Mega

Pixels

in

a

1/30th

of

a

second

using

theRAW8

CCP2

mode.

It

fully

defines

the

sensor

moduleselectrical,

control

and

image

data

interfaces.□CCI

(Camera

Control

Interface)The

2-wire

camera

control

interface

is

I2C

compatible.The

maximum

data

rare

is

400

kHz.Low

frequency

external

clock

(6-27MHz)Chip

enable

signal

-

XSHUTDOWNAnalogue

PowerDigital

PowerSMIA六大範圍The

functional

specification:

frame

and

field

formats,

registe maps

for

set-up

and

control

and

has

three

profiles

that

helps easy

video

usability

with

high

resolution

sensors.The

electrical

interface:

the

physical

layer

(voltage

levels, count,

timing),

data

rate

(up

to

650Mb/sec),

EMI

(electro- magnetic

interference)

performance,

and

output

image

format.The

mechanical

interface

proposes

a

family

of

set

of

modules

that

provide

mechanical

outlines

specifically

designed

for

volume

manufacturing.The

characterization

chapter

provides

for

optical-performance metrics

and

sensor

noise

standards.The

reliability

chapter

includes

environmental-test

and

drop- standards.A

software

model

is

also

provided

in

the

SMIA

specification, including

reference

devuce

drivers

and

software

architecture.5Source:

SMIA/2004SMIA

(Functional

specification)SMIA

1.0

Part

1:Functionalspecification-Electrical

Interface–

inculding

pin

out-Operating

Modes–

how

to

power

up

and

down

themodule-Data

format,

and

data

arrangement-Video

Timing,

cropping

and

decimation

modes-Integration

Time

and

Gain

Control-Reporting

of

Sensor

capabilities

and

keyperformances

(e.g.

Color

Matrix)-Test

Modes-CCI

Register

Map-A

baseline

profile-Image

Scaling

profiles

to

aid

software

viewfinderimplementations-Image

Compression-Recommended

Host

BehaviorSource:

SMIA/206047System

State

Diagram89Operating

ModesPower

StateDescriptionPower-offPower

supplies

are

turned

off.HardwareStandbyNo

communication

with

the

sensor

ispossible.SoftwareStandbyCCI

communication

with

sensor

ispossible.StreamingThe

sensor

module

is

fully

poweredand

is

streaming

image

data

on

theModeMax

CurrentAll

ProfilesUnitsHardware

Standby5(1)μASoftware

Standby50(2)μAStreaming(3)VGA15SVGA

181MP

26UXGA

40mAmAmAmASensor

Module

/

Host

Electrical

Interface10SMIA

(Electrical

Interface)fSignal

List12/14/16

Pin

Out

options

Electrical

characteristics

oEXTCLK

and

XSHUTDOWNOperating

ConditionsAbsolute

Maximum

RatingsPower

ConsumptionSource:

SMIA/20041116-Pin

Standard

Support

CircuitSource:

SMIA/20041213Electrical

Specification

andEnvironmental

RequirementsSymbolDescriptionMinTypicalMaxUnitsVDIGDigital

Power

supply

(1)1.71.81.9VVANAAnalogue

Power

Supply

(2)2.42.82.9VVIP(DIG)Digital

Input

Voltages

(3)0VANAVVCAPVCAP

Analogue

Voltage04.2VTTESTTest

Temperature

(4)212325°CTOPTOptimum

Operating

Temperature

(5)530°CTOPRNormal

Operating

Temperature

(6)-2555°CTFUNCFunctional

Operating

Temperature

(7)-3070°CTable12:

Operating

ConditionsDigital

Inputs:

EXTCLK,

XSHUTDOWN,

SCL,

SDATest

Temperature

–

image

quality

test

conditionsOptimum

Operating

Temperature

–

no

visible

degradation

in

image

qualityNormal

Operating

Temperature

–

camera

produces

acceptable

images7.Functional

Operating

Temperature

–

camera

fully

functionalSMIA

(Mechanical

interface)NameLength(mm)WidthHeightOption

1HeighOption

1PadsSMIA656.56.54.65.812SMIA858.58.56.17.114SMIA959.59.57.68.61614Source:

SMIA/2004SMIA

(CameraCharacterizations

Specification)- A

set

of

measurement

methods

and

limits

for

assessment

ofcamera

module

performance-noise

performance-optical

performance5.1

Dynamic

Range

5.2

Vertical

Fixed

Pattern

Noise

5.3Horizontal

Fixed

Pattern

Noise

5.4

Temporal

Noise

5.5

ColumnNoise

5.6

Row

Noise

5.7

Frame

to

Frame

Flicker

5.8

DarkSignal

5.9

Dark

Signal

Non-uniformity

5.10

Power

SupplyRejection

Ratio

5.11

Signal

to

Noise

Ratio

5.12

Sensitivity

5.Maximum

Illumination

5.14

Minimum

Illumination

5.15

ModuleResponse

Non-Linearity

5.16

Photo-Response

Non-Uniformity5.17

Relative

Illumination

5.18

Spatial

Frequency

Response5.19

Image

Sharpness

Measurement

5.20

TV

Distortion

5.21Field

of

View

5.22

Color

Accuracy

5.23

Image

Lag

5.24

VeilingGlareSource:

SMIA/200415SMIA

Reliability—(Group

A&B)Lot

AcceptanceTests

(Group

A)lot

based

on

statistically

meaningful

sampling

plan.A1,Electrical

CharacteristicsA2,Mechanical

CharacteristicsA3,Optical

CharacteristicsA4,Shipping

Packages

and

LabelsReliability

Monitoring

Test

(Group

B)B1,High

Temperature

Operating

Life

Test

/

Early

LifeFailure

Rate

EstimationB2,Temperature

&

Humidity

Stress

TestB2.1

Temperature

CyclingB2.2

Damp

Heat

CyclingB2.3

Mechanical

Impact

Tests-

B2.3.1

Shock

TestSource:

SMIA/200416SMIA

Reliability—(Group

C)Research

&

Development

Level

Test

(Group

C)C1:

Do

B1

Test

AgainC2:

Combination

Test;

Test

B2

+

(B2.2and

B2.3)C3:

High

TemperatureC4:

Random

VibrationC5:

Latch

Up

TestC6:

Steady

State

Temperature

Humidity

Bias

Life

TestC7:

High

Temperature

Operating

Life

TestC8:

Low

Temperature

Operating

Life

TestC9:

Solar

Radiation

TestSource:

SMIA/200417C9:

Solar

Radiation

Test

The

purpose

of

C9

test

is

to

verify

the

effectsof

solar

radiation

exposure

to

the

cameramodules,

especially

to

lens

and

IR

glass.

Testsamples

shall

be

tested

in

its

non-operatingmode.-

Test

Temperature:

55

deg.C

during

irradiation

cycle,25°C

during

dark

cycle-Irradiance:

1120W/m2-Test

Duration:

8hours

for

irradiation

and

16

hours

fordarkness

(=1

cycle)-Sample

Size:

Minimum

10

pcs-References:

IEC

60068-2-5

Sa,

Procedure

A18SMIA

Reliability

–(Group

D)Mechanical

Tests

for

Connection

Systems

(Group

D)D1

Vibration

TestsD1.1

Random

Vibration

EUT

Power

OnD1.2

Bump

Vibration

(half

cycle

sinusoidal)

D2

Pull-Out

Test

(Camera

Module

from

the

Socket

In

caseApplicable)D3

Peel-Out

Test

of

the

FPC

(in

Case

Applicable)D4

Module

Insertion

TestD5

Flex

Bending

TestD6

Connector

Quality

CheckD7

Mechanical

Impact

TestsD7.1

Free

Fall

Test

for

Module

+

Socket

(Including

Connector)D7.2

Free

Fall

Repeated

Test

for

Module

+

Socket

(IncludingConnector)Source:

SMIA/200419SMIA

(Software

model)SoftwareSMIA

1.0

Part3.1:

SoftwareAnd

applicationspecification-software

architecture-implementation

of

aSMIA

receiver

in

hardware-use

of

parameterizedregistersSMIA

1.0

Part-example

of

a

DeviceDriver

interfaceSource:

SMIA/2004203.2:

SymbianSMIA

CameraDevice

driver21六、CCM模組SMIA測試範例SensitivityDynamic

RangeColor

Accuracy2223Sensitivity

Test

MethodsSensitivity

is

a

measure

of

the

response

of

a

camera

moduleto

a

stimulus

of

known

brightness

(luminance).

Thesensitivity

of

the

module

is

taken

to

be

white-light

sensitivito

a

standard

source

of

measured

luminance.The

white-light

sensitivity

of

a

Bayer

patterned

color

is

bestevaluated

in

terms

of

the

color

channels

(RGrGbB).

Giventhat

the

color

response

of

the

module

is

be

characterizedelsewhere,

the

sensitivity

to

light

levels

can

be

assessedusing

one

color

channel

only

(e.g.

Green)

without

loss

ofinformation

on

module

performance.The

sensitivity

of

a

module

can

be

measured

by

taking

thedifference

between

an

illuminated

frame

and

a

dark

frame,captured

with

the

same

integration

time.Sensitivity

Test

ConditionsParameterValuesIlluminationTypeLevelsTungsten

halogen.

See

section

3.2Supplier

to

test

at

10

approximately

evenly-spaced

points

in

luminance

range

specified

inTable

7,

unless

specified

in

test

plan.EnvironmentSpecified

in

test

plan

(else

use

defaults

specified

in

Appendix

A)Electrical

SupplySpecified

in

test

plan

(else

use

defaults

specified

in

Appendix

A)Camera

settingsFrame

rateIntegrationAnalogue

gainDigital

gainDefaultTo

obtain

50

±

5%

of

FSD

in

ROISpecified

in

Test

plan

(else

use

defaults

specified

in

Appendix

A)1Camera

Capture

MethodValid

image

dataCaptureROITSee

integration

timeOne

illuminated

frame

per

luminance

level

(LUM_LEV)and

INTEGRATION_TIME

=

FRAME_LUM(T)One

dark

frame

per

INTEGRATION_TIME

=

FRME(T)aRbOIle26:

Sensitivity

Test

Conditions(1)Image

pre-processingParameterSubtract

pedestalNoValueToleranceUnitsIlluminationDefect

correctionYesTypeTungsten

Halogen--Intensity

at

chart300-LuxUniformity±5%--24Table13:

Default

Lighting

Conditions25SMIA

Illumination

SpecificationIllumination

typeTungstenHalogenTungstenD65D75DiffuseColor

temperature3200-3400K2500-3000K6500K7500K2500-3400KTypeTungstenHalogenTungstenDaylightFluorescentFluorescentTungstenOrHalogenElectrical

SupplyFrequencyDCDCAC20-100kHzAC20-100kHzIntensity

range

atchart10-200Lux

1

–2000

Cd/m2>

100

Lux>

100

Lux>

100

Lux>

50

LuxAt

diffuserAngle

of

incidence

ofeach

light

source(with

respect

to

chart)45°45°45°45°DiffuseUniformity

of±5%±5%±5%±5%±2%Illumination

at

chart26Mathematically

the

sensitivity

of

the

device

is

given

byAnalysisFOR

ALL

LUM

AND

INTEGRATION_TIME

VALUESARRAY1

=

ROI

(a,a;x,y;

GREENRED(FRAME_LUM(T)))ARRAY2

=

ROI

(a,a;x,y;

GREENRED(FRAME

(T)))SENSITIVITY_LUM

=

(MEAN(ARRAY1)-

MEAN(ARRAY2))/(LUM_LEV*INTEGRATION_TIME*FSD)END

FORRepeat

process

until

luminance

range

completeWhere

the

means

are

taken

from

image

1,

the

image

of

an

object

of

luminance

B

(Cd/m2),

andImage

2,

the

image

taken

in

the

dark.Sensitivty

(1/cdm-2

sec)

=1FSD

B（）μ(

image

1)

-

μ(

image

2)Tint2728Dynamic

Range

Test

Methods

Description：The

dynamic

range

of

a

camera

module

is

ameasure

of

the

range

of

light

levels

that

may

be

present

withinone

scene

and

reproduced

faithfully.

The

upper

useable

limit

othe

light

response

of

the

camera

is

termed

the

full-scaledeflection

(FSD)

of

the

camera.

The

minimum

discernableresponse

is

taken

to

be

at

one

standard

deviation

of

the

noise.Test

Conditions(如次表)

Analysis：

The

dynamic

range

is

usually

expressedlogarithmically

in

terms

of

power

levels

and

is

statedmathematically

as

follow;Dynamic_Range=20xLOG10(FSD/STDEV(IMAGE))Dynamic

Range

Test

ConditionsParameterValuesIlluminationTypeLevelsDarkN/AEnvironmentSpecified

in

test

plan

(else

use

defaults

specified

in

Appendix

A)Electrical

SupplySpecified

in

test

plan

(else

use

defaults

specified

in

Appendix

A)Camera

settingsFrame

rateIntegrationAnalogue

gainDigital

gainDefault50%

of

maximumSpecified

in

Test

plan

(else

use

defaults

specified

in

Appendix

A)1Camera

CaptureMethodValid

image

dataCaptureROIσnoise>0One

frame

=

IMAGEN/APre-processingSubtract

data

pedestalNo29Dynamic

Range

Dynamic

range

interpreting

the

ability

of

detecting

thstrong

and

weak

light

at

same

timeLow

dynamic

range30High

dynamic

range

(120dB)Dynamic

Range

Test測量輸出飽和電壓與雜訊電壓31ΔE*ab

=AndΔH*

=WhereCn

=

Color

Accuracy

Test

MethodsThis

test

measures

the

absolute

color

difference

(in

CIELAB(1976)

color

space)

and

the

Hue

difference,

between

areference

color

patch

from

a

GretagMacBeth

ColorChecker

illuminated

under

specific

lighting

conditions

andthe

camera’s

output.The

color

difference

and

the

hue

difference

(abE*△*H

△)

maybe

calculated

as

follows:-(√ΔL*)2

+

(Δa*)2

+

(Δb*)232(√ΔE*ab)2

-

(ΔL*)2

–

(CPatch

–

Ccolorimeter)√an2

+

bn2ParameterValuesIlluminationTypeLevelsD65

(and

others

if

specified

in

test

plan).

See

section

3.2>

100

Lux

(and

others

if

specified

in

test

plan)EnvironmentDefaultElectrical

SupplyTypeDefaultCamera

settingsFrame

rateIntegrationAnalogue

gainDigital

gainDefault90%

FSD

obtained

from

ROI(1)

of

White

PatchSpecified

in

Test

plan

(else

use

defaults

specified

in

Appendix

A)1Camera

Capture

MethodValid

image

dataCaptureROIμROI>>

PedestalOne

frame

for

each

color

patch

with

integration

registers

set

togive

90%FSD

on

the

White

Patch.ROI(1)Image

pre-processingSubtract

pedestalDefect

correctionYesYesTable37:

Color

Accuracy

Test

Conditions33Using

the

set

up

shown

in

Figure

7

capture

a

Bayer

imageof

the

White

Macbeth

patch

with

the

sensors’

integrationtime

adjusted

to

give

90%

FSD.

Use

this

integration

ti