押福建卷81-90题-短文填空(原卷版)-备战2021年中考英语(福建卷)

押福建卷第81—90题短文填空2020•福建卷•短文填空第81—90题阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。DoyouknowhowricefirstcametoChina?ThereisanoldChinesestory1．isaboutlittlegirlwhowentouttofish.Therewasfamine（饥荒）andeverybodywasvery2．/'hʌŋgrɪ/.Thelittlegirlfelthernetgrowingheavyandwasveryhappy.However,itwastheKingofFrogs（青蛙）thatshe3．/kɔ:t/.Thefrogtoldhertoholdoutherfishingnettothesun'sraysandhewouldsing4．magicsong.Thelittlegirlfollowedhisinstructions.Shewas5．（great）surprisedtoseetheraysofsunshinefallingthroughthenet.Andtheywerechanged6．goldengrains（谷粒）ofrice.Thefirstricewasthoughttoarriveinthisway.Wedonotknowwhetherthisstoryistrue,butittells7．（we）thatricehasthesamevalueasgoldtotheChinese.Rice8．（be）alwaysthemainfoodfortheChinese.Forcenturies,muchlandhasbeendevoted（奉献）torice-plantingandmanyChinesepeopleare9．（farmer）,whoworkveryhardforeachgrain.It'simportantto10．/seɪv/foodandsaynotowaste.Afterall,wastenot,wantnot.该题型有三种考查形式:音标填词(3空)、用所给提示词的适当形式填空(4空)和盲填(3空),共设空10处。考点一音标填词因所考音标多为元音、长音、重读音节,所考词性均为实义词,如名词、动词、形容词、副词,且均为课标中的重点词汇,所以平时注意其音节和词汇拼写。考点二构词法英语中,构词法主要有三种:①合成;②派生;③转化。另外还有缩略法和缩写法等。考点三词类变化1.名词:变复数;所有格;形容词。2.形容词:变副词;级别变化。3.副词:级别变化。4.数词:序数词或基数词。5.代词:主格变宾格、形容词性物主代词或反身代词。考点四无提示词填空无提示词填空题型常见类:介词、冠词、连词、代词等。1.介词:根据语境或者固定搭配填写合适的介词。2.冠词:判断表示泛指还是特指,确定填不定冠词还是定冠词。3.连词:判断其连接的是并列句还是从句等。4.代词:根据语境判断用什么形式的代词。1.考生需要分析句子结构,找出句中所缺成分,确定所填词的词性。①若句子缺少主语,则要考虑填名词、代词、动名词。②若句子缺少谓语,则要考虑填动词。③若句子缺少宾语,则要考虑填名词、代词、动名词等。④若句子缺少表语,则要考虑填名词或形容词。⑤若句子缺少定语,则要考虑填形容词、名词、形容词性物主代词、动词不定式、分词等。⑥若句子缺少状语,则要考虑填副词、动词不定式、分词等。⑦若句子缺少补语,则要考虑填名词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、分词等。2.若词性吻合,再结合实际语境、语法规则来确定所填单词的具体形式,得出最终答案。①如果所填词是名词,且空前为a/an/one等表示单数概念的词,或该句谓语动词为第三人称单数形式,则直接填单数名词或不可数名词;若空前有many,some,afew等表示复数概念的词,或该句谓语动词为复数形式,则要填名词的复数形式;或者根据语境判断此处填该名词的另一种名词形式②如果所填词是动词,则要根据主语的人称、数,具体的时态、语态判断所填词的正确形式。一般现在时的标志词有:always,often,usually,sometimes,everyweek,onceamonth等。若主语为第一、二人称或第三人称复数,谓语动词用原形;若主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。一般过去时的标志词有:justnow,ago,in1980,yesterday,lastnight等。一般将来时的标志词有:tomorrow,inthefuture,someday,intenminutes,soon,nextweek等。现在进行时的标志词有:now,atpresent,thesedays,look,listen等。现在完成时的标志词有:yet,already,recently,lately,sincethen,sofar,for+一段时间,inthepast5years等。过去进行时的标志词有:at1:00lastnight,atthatmoment,atthistimeyesterday等。如果句子主语与谓语动词之间是被动关系,则需用被动语态。③如果所填词是形容词,则要判断用原级还是用比较等级。形容词比较级的标志词多为than,还有much,even,alot等;最高级的标志词有the,in,of,among等。④如果所填词是代词,则需要判断此处是用代词的哪种形式,作主语时用代词的主格或者名词性物主代词;作宾语时用宾格或者反身代词;作定语时用形容词性物主代词。⑤如果所填词是数词,则要判断用基数词还是序数词。一般(大于1的)基数词后的名词为复数形式,序数词后的名词为单数形式,且序数词前加the。3.若词性不吻合,则要将其转化为正确的形式。（2020·福建泉州市·九年级二模）Whydowecallwomenjinguo(巾帼）inChinese?InChina,jinguoisacoolandsomewhatliterarywaytorefertowomen.Butwhatdoesit1．(actual)mean?Itisakindof2．/skɑːf/orheadwrapthatwasworninancientChina.BeforetheHanDynasty(206BC-AD220),itwasfashionableformenandwomentousejinguotowraptheirhair.Lateron,onlywomenworethem.ItissaidthatjinguowasusedtorefertowomenbecauseofZhugeLiang—afamousstatesmanwholived3．/ˈdʊrɪŋ/theThreeKingdomsperiod(220-228).4．(story)saythatZhugeoncestartedawar5．theWeiKingdom.However,theWeigeneral（将军）SimaYididn’twanttofightandaskedhisarmytostayinthecity.Zhugethen6．（send）ajinguotoSimaasaformofhumiliation（羞辱）—implyingthatSimawasastimid（胆怯的）asalittlegirl.Afterthat,peoplestartedtousejinguotorefertowomen,butasaformofpraise7．.Thereisaphrase“巾帼不让须眉”,whichmeans“womenarenotinferiortomen”.Xumeireferstomenbecausemenoftenhave8．/θɪk/beardsandeyebrows.Peoplealsoputjinguoandyingxiongtogethertomakethephrase“jinguoyingxiong”,or“femaleheroes”.9．example,HuaMulanandMuGuiyingwerebothwell-knownjinguoyingxionginancientChina.Today,jinguoyingxiongdoesn’tjustrefertofemalewarriorslikeHuaandMu.Itcanrefertoanyoutstandingwomanwhohasmadegreat10．(achieve).（2020·福建宁德市·九年级二模）TheearliestmapswereprobablydrawnintheMiddleEast.Someof11．（this）mapshavesurvivedandtheyshowusthepeopleatthattimethoughttheearthflat（平的）.12．timewentby,thepicturesbecamemoredetailedandmapsweremorecorrectlymade.Lateron,ancientGreeksusedtheirknowledgeof13．/

mæθ/andsciencetomakemaps.GreekmapstellustheGreeks14．（know）theworldwasround.Fromsimplepictures,mapmakinghasturnedintoascience.Mapsaremadebysurveying（勘测）land.Inthe1900s,peoplearoundtheworldstartedtoshareinformationtomake15．(good）maps.Mapsarenowmoreexactlymadethanever16．thehelpofthephotographstakenfromtheskyandspace.sincetheworldisalwayschanging,wewillalways17．/niːd

/newmaps.Therearemanytypesofmaps,butalmostallusewordsandpicturestodescribewhataplaceislikewhenthemapismade.Amap18．（usual）tellswhatthepicturesstandfor.Somemapsmayshowthewholeworld.Aroadmapwillhelpyouknow19．distancefromoneplacetoanother.Othermapsmayusepicturestoshowthetemperatureand20．/ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/indifferentplaces.（2020·福建莆田市·九年级二模）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给的单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，要求所填的单词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。Climateemergencyhasbeenpickedasthewordoftheyearfor2019byOxfordDictionaries.Itwas21．(report)thattheexpressionwasused10.796%morein2019thanin2018,andthedictionarycompanysaid22．reflected(反映)themoodandconcernsfeltbypeoplethisyear.Thoughit'smadeupoftwo23．(word),climateemergencyistreatedasasingleword,in24．samewayasheartattack.Manypeoplehavestartedtouseclimateemergencytodescribethe25．[hjuːdʒ]challengefacingtheplanet,inplaceofthetermclimatechange.Climatechangereferstolong-termchangesintheworld's26．[ˈweðə(r)]patterns(模式).Theyaremostlycausedbyactivitiessuchas27．(burn)oilandfarming.Climateemergencymeansa"situationinwhichurgent(紧急的)actionisrequiredtoreduceorstopclimatechange".Accordingtothedictionarycompany,climatebecamethemostcommonwordusedwithemergencyin2019,28．thetwowereusedtogetherthreetimesmoreoftenthanthe29．(two)mostcommonword,whichwashealth.30．[ˈdjʊərɪŋ]theyear,Canada,FranceandtheUKallannouncedclimateemergencies.（2020·福建南平市·九年级二模）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。SuDongpo(SuShi)wasapoetwholivedduringtheSongDynasty(960-1279).Hewasthe31．(one)tomakethedish,DongpoPork.WhenhewasalocalofficialinHuangzhou,Hubei,hefellinlove32．cookingpork.InhisarticleOdetoPork,Sudescribed33．（exact）howtocookit.Accordingtofolk34．（story）,thedishbecamewell-knownwhenSuwenttoHangzhou,Zhejiangtotakeoffice.Oneday,therewasa35．/ˈterəbl/floodandSuwentouttohelppeople.Heworkedsohard36．everyonefeltthankfulforhim.They37．（hear）thathelovedeatingpork,sotheygavehimalotofit.ButSuDongpowantedtogiveit38．.Hecookedtheporkinhis39．/əʊn/specialway.Thenhegavethedishtoeveryfamilyinthecityandeveryworkeronthestreet.Verysoonthedishbecame40．/'feɪməs/inHangzhouandgotthename“Dongpopork”.（2020·福建泉州市·）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。Doyouknow“APECblue”?Itisapopularwordnowadays.Peopleuse41．todescribetheblueskyduringtheAPECmeetings.Tomakethesky42．[ˈkliːnə(r)],peopledidalot.Theseyears,airpollutionissoheavyinBeijingthatpeople43．(hard)everseeblueskiesinsuchasmogseason.Aftertheevent,peoplearewonderinghowtokeeptheAPECblue44．thefuture.Experts(专家)givesome45．(suggestion).First,theybelievetheenvironmentwillbecertainlyingreat46．[ˈdeɪndʒə(r)]unlesseveryoneplayspartinsavingtheearth.47．Idon’tthinkithasnothingtodowithyou.Andwhat48．[els]shouldwedo?Trytowalkmoreandusecars49．(little)!Finally,makesurefactoriesstop50．(pollute)theair.Ifwecandothesethings,theskywillbecomeAPECblue.AndwecanseeAPECblueeveryday!（2020·福建九年级其他模拟）短文填词阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。Chinacoverslargeareasandhasagreat51．[ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn].Differentlivinghabitshavealwaysbeenaninterestingtopicinthecountry.Recently,anotherdifference52．northernersandsouthernersbecameahotone:thewaytheyshopatmarkets.Peoplefrom53．(south)Chinasaytheyalwaysbuywhattheyneedforjustoneortwomeals.ItisnormalforthemtobuyhalfofaChinesecabbage,two54．(potato)and0.25kilogramsofbeefatatime.However,onemaybelaughedat55．hedoesthisinthenorth.Instead,buyingvegetablesandmeatenoughforaweekisusual.Also,youcanbuyaverysmallamountoffruit,such56．asingleappleorpear,eachtimeinthesouth.Shopownersevenhelpyoupeel(剥皮)andcutthem.Buthardlydoshopownersinthenorthoffersuch57．[ˈsɜːvɪs].Andmanyfruitsaresoldinbasketsandboxes.Thedifferencecouldbedueto(由于)thedifferentclimate.Foodcanbe58．(keep)foralongtimeinthenorth,asitisusuallycoldanddrythere.Manynortherners59．thehabitofstockingup(囤货)onfood,especiallyforthelongwinter.Butthehotandwet60．[ˈweðə(r)]inthesouthmakesouthernChinesebuyjustenoughfoodforonemealoroneday,orelsethefoodmaygobad.（2020·福建龙岩市·九年级二模）TraditionalChineseMedicineisanimportantpartofChineseculture.Forthousands61．years，ithasmadegreatcontributionstothedevelopmentofChinesenationandthehealthofChinesepeople.Nowadays，bothTraditionalChineseMedicine62．westernmedicinearebeingusedtocure（治疗）63．（patient）allaroundtheworld.Accordingtothe64．/ˈsɜːveɪ/data.TCMisusedby75%oftheareasinChina.GreatsuccesseshavebeenmadeinmanyareasthroughTCMcure.Asforaseriousstomachache，thereis65．needtohaveanoperation(手术）.AllyouneedtodoistodrinkacupofTCMsoup，whilethewesternway66．（take）moretimeandmoney.What'smore，mostoperations67．/ˈkæri/somerisk.Reportedly，morethan310068．（medicine）workersfromover630TCMhospitalsacrossChinahavebeensenttosupportHubeiProvinceinthefightagainstCOVID—19.TCMhasbeenusedin69．（treat）60,107confirmedcases（确诊）inChina，or85.2percentofthetotal.Ithinkinthe70．/ˈfjuːtʃə(r)/，TCMwillbethemainstreaminthehealhservicesinChina.（2020·福建厦门市·厦门一中九年级二模）TomatoFightisafoodfightinSpain.It’ssaidthatasmallbandoneday71．(blow)hornswentthroughthestreetfuriously(神气地).Maybeforfun,agroupofyoungpeoplepickedtomatoesand72．(throw)themtotheband.ThisistheoriginoftheTomatina-TomatoFight.Atthistimeoftheyear,localpeopleand73．fromaroundtheworldgatherinBuñoltowntocelebratethisspecialfestival.Here,thetomatoesbringnotonly74．(happy)ofharvestbutalsothejoyofcarnival(狂欢).Thetomatofightbeginsinthecenteroftown.75．thefight,thegovernmentwilltransporttomatoesbycartothetown.76．(thousand)ofpeopletakeofftheirT-shirts.Assoonasthey77．/hɪə/theorderoffight,theybegintothrowtomatoestootherpeoplewhotheydon’tevenknowbefore.Soontomato78．/dʒuːs/onthestreetsmakesatomatosea.Afterthefight,thousandsofvolunteersturn79．allthefaucets(水龙头)thatcouldworkandbegintocleanthestreet.Aboutonehourlater,thetownbecomesquietas80．/'juːʒuə/.Thesquareandstreetsaresweptasnothinghashappened.（限时：30分钟）（一）Doyoulikesports?Areyougettingenoughexercise?Well,ifyou're1．(look)forawaytoexercise,trywalking.Walkingiseasy.Thereare2．specialinstructions.Andtherearealsonorules.Youjustwalk--left,right,left,right.See?It'seasy.Walkingischeap.Don't3．muchmoneybuyingclothesorequipment.Allyouneedisa4．ofcomfortableshoes.Walkingisfun.Gowithafriend.Walkandtalk.Dosomethingyouenjoy.Listentomusic,thinkaboutlife,5．/ri'læks/andsoon.Walkingisgoodforyour6．.It'sgoodforyourmindandbody.Youfeelenergetic(精力充沛的）7．walkingalot.Andnowscienceisproving(证明）thatwalkingoutdoorsisthebestexercise.Walkingisgoodinallkindsofweather.Soifitrains,don'tworry,takeanumbrella.Whenit's8．(sun),usesunglasses.Ifit'shot,takesomewaterwithyou.Whenit's9．,walkingmakesyoufeelwarm.Andwalkinginthesnowisofgreatfun.Areyouwillingto10．?Don'twait!Justdoit!（二）Emmanuelisa11．[jʌŋ]boywithquitepooreyesight.Inthepast,whenhewentouttoeatfoodalone,hehadproblemsorderingfoodbecausehecouldn'tseethemenu12．(clear).What'smore,itwasimpossibleforthewaiterstoreadthewholemenutohim.Therefore,beingabletoeatfoodoutsidebyhimself13．(become)hisbiggestdream.Inordertohelpherson,Emmanuel'smothertalked14．hersonandmanyblindpeoplearoundher.Shetriedtofindoutwhatkindof15．[ˈsɜːvɪs]theyneededwhentheyorderedfoodintherestaurant.Thenshetalkedwithrestaurantsabout16．toimproveit.Afterseveralmonthsofefforts,anappforthepeoplewithpooreyesightandtheblindtoorderfoodca