英语翻译技巧 转译法

ShiftofPerspectives/Negation

正说反译/反说正译TransformationofVoices语态转换DefinitionShiftofperspectives:

Therearrangementoftheformoftheinformationexpressedintheoriginalfromadifferentangleoreventheotherwayroundinordertomakethetranslatedversionmoreexpressiveandidiomatic.Motivation理据EnglishandChinesemaysometimesexpressthesameideainquitedifferentways.

E.g.--Areyounotgoingtomorrow?--??Chinese:‘路上辛苦了’English:‘Didyouhaveagoodtrip?’word-for-wordtranslation‘Youmusthavehadatiringjourney’(theEnglish-speakingpeopleseldomsaythat.)

Allthatglittersisnotgold.发光的不一定都是金子。Theenginedidn’tstopbecausethefuelwasfinished.引擎并不是因为燃料耗尽而停止运转。Thepatientisnobetterthanhewasyesterday.病人的情况和昨天一样。Idon’trememberalltheirnames.我没记全他们的名字。Negation(no/not)

－－否定范围的确定--CanIbuyyouadrink?--ActuallyI’dratherhavethemoney.--CanIhaveyourname?--Why?Don’tyoualreadyhaveone?--Isthisseatempty?--Yes,andthisonewillbeifyousitdown.--Haven’tIseenyousomeplacebefore?--Yes,that’swhyIdon’tgothereanymore.--WillyougooutwithmethisSaturday?--IguessIamhavingaheadachethisweekend.Don’tstopworking,”hesaid.他说，“继续干吧。”There’sscarcelyanaspectofourlifethatisn’tbeingupendedbythetorrentofinformationavailableonthehundredsofmillionsofsitescrowdingtheInternet.我们的生活方方面面都受到网上数亿网点的大量信息的冲击。(双重否定-肯定)Thisisamatterofnosmallconsequence.这件事可是关系重大。You

cannotbetoocareful.你可要特别小心呢。Icouldn’tagreemorewithyou.我完全同意你的看法。Nosmoking.禁止吸烟。（反说正译）Howshelongedtounsayhertactlesswords.她多么希望收回那些不得体的话啊。Thebosscouldfireanyemployeewhohadeverdispleasedhim.老板可以开除任何得罪他的雇员。Therehasbeenseriousdisagreementbetweenthetwopoliticalpartiesoverthisquestion.关于这个问题，两个政党之间存在严重分歧。Theseawas,unfortunately,veryroughthatday.可惜，那天海浪很大。ThebirdisanunusualwintervisitortoBritain.这种鸟很少冬季到英国来。Billistooindecisivetomakeagoodleader.比尔优柔寡断，当不好领导。Herescapewasnothingshortofmiraculous.她的脱险可以说是个奇迹。

Negation(un-,in-,dis-…)

－－－－译文多为肯定形式（反说正译）Iregrettolearnthatyouhavefailedintheexamination.得知你未通过考试，深表遗憾。

Waterisagoodlubricant,ifyoucandeviseawaytokeepitfromleakingoutorevaporating.如果能设法不让水漏出来或蒸发掉，那么水就是一种很好的润滑剂。

Heteachesillwhoteachesall.样样都教，什么也教不好。Woztriedandfailedtosuppresshislaughter.Woz忍不住笑出声来Shemissedthepointofhisjoke.她没听懂他的笑话。Thelittlebridgeisanythingbutsafe.那小桥极不安全。（anythingbut=absolutelynot）(nothingbut)Affirmation－－译文为否定形式

Affirmation-否定（正说反译）Therewascompleteabsenceofinformationontheoildepositinthatarea.关于该地区的石油储量情况，人们一无所知。Shortnessoftimehasrequiredtheomissionofvisitingsomestates.由于时间不够，没能访问某些国家。Ignoranceisawoman’svirtue.女子无才便是德。Affirmation－－－正说反译ThereisonlyoneChina，andTaiwanisanintegralpartofChina.世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。Onthechair,itsays,“Wetpaint!”椅子上写着“油漆未干”。Affirmation－－－正说反译Staffonly.闲人免进。Theyliveoninadequatepensions,tryingvainlytocatchupwiththesoaringcostofliving.他们靠为数不足的养老金生活，根本无法支付飞涨的生活费用。Affirmation

－－－正说反译Heisbeyonddoubtanenterprisingyoungman.无疑，他是个有进取心的年轻人。Itwillgenerallybefoundthatthemenwhoarehabituallybehindtimeareashabituallybehindsuccess.一般来说，习惯拖拉的人通常不会成功。Affirmation－－－正说反译UnlessEnglandimprovestheirgame,they’regoingtolosethematch.英格兰队如果不改进打法，就会输掉比赛。UntilshespokeIhadn’trealizedshewasforeign.她要是不说话我还不知道她是外国人。Affirmation－－－正说反译Iwasatalosstounderstandwhathetalkedabout.我不明白他在说什么。ForallIcare,youcanthrowitaway.你把那丢了我也不在乎。Itisawisefatherthatknowshisownchild.聪明的父亲也未必了解他自己的孩子。Affirmation(phraseswithnegativemeaning)E.g.It+be+adj.+n.+that…,Forall…,etc.－－－正说反译Asiawaspassedbytheindustrialrevolution.工业革命没有光顾亚洲。

Washingtonmustdosomethingaboutthatman,andsoon.华盛顿该对这个家伙采取行动，不要再拖了。

Doyouknowwhysheisalwaystryingtoavoidyou?你知道她为什么老是不想见到你？－－－－视角转换Bothsidesthoughtthatthepeaceproposalwasonetheycouldaccept

withdignity.双方认为，那和平建议是一个他们可以接受而不失体面的建议。

Itwouldbemostdisastrousifarumorofitweregivenout.甚至只要有一点点风声漏出去，结果就不堪设想。DidIgetyournameright?我没有弄错你的名字吧？－－－－视角转换Thedoubtwasstillunsolved

afterhisrepeatedexplanations.虽经他一再解释，疑团仍然存在。

Wemustneverstoptakinganoptimisticviewoflife.我们要永远对生活抱乐观的态度。TheUnitedNationshasnot,sofar,justifiedthehopes

whichthepeopleoftheworldsetonit.到目前为止，联合国辜负了世界人民的希望。Suddenlyheheardasoundbehindhim,andrealizedhewasnotalone

inthegarage.他突然听见背后有声响，便立即意识到车库里还有别人。Suchflightscouldn’tlongescapenotice.这类飞行迟早会被人发觉的。Thedarknesswasthinning,

butthestreetwasstilldimlylighted.天渐渐有些亮了，然而街上还亮着暗淡的灯光。Igaveyoucreditforbeingmoresensible.我没有想到你这么愚蠢。Iamwiserthantobelievesuchstories.我不至于蠢到居然相信这种故事。Oldhabitsdiehard.积习难除。Jobshadbeentaughtbyhisfatherthatmicrophonesalwaysrequiredanelectronicamplifier.“SoIracedhome,andItoldmydadthathewaswrong.”“No,itneedsanamplifier,”hisfatherassuredhim.WhenSteveprotestedotherwise,hisfathersaidhewascrazy.“Itcan’tworkwithoutanamplifier.There’ssometrick.”“Ikeptsayingno