浮式平台二-上部结构设计

TopsidesStructureDesignDeckStructureDesignRelevantknowledge(相关根底知识〕Deckstructuraldesigntasks〔设计任务说明〕Topsideslayout〔甲板布置〕Designcodesandbasis〔设计依据〕Designapproachandmethodology〔设计方法〕Designloadconditions〔设计载荷条件)Designiterations(设计循环〕Primarystructuredesign〔主结构设计〕Secondaryandtertiarystructures〔次级和三级结构设计〕RelevantKnowledgeStructuralmechanicsMechanicsofmaterialsDynamicsofstructuresTubularstructures〔管结构〕PlatestructureFatigueanalysisanddesignFiniteelementanalysisDesigncodesandregulationsEquipmentknowledge〔设备知识〕DeckStructuralDesignTasksReviewdesignbasisandfacilityrequirementsFramelayoutdesign〔框架设计〕Topsidefacilityinterface〔设施接口〕GlobalstructuralanalysisGlobalfatigueanalysisanddesignDeckliftingdesignandanalysis〔甲板起吊设计〕Deckjointdesignandanalysis〔甲板节点设计〕Rigsupportdesign〔井架支撑设计〕TopsidetohullconnectiondesignandanalysisDeckStructuralDesignTasks(cont.)DeckloadoutdesignDecktransportationdesign〔甲板运输〕DeckmajorsubstructuredesignSecondarysteeldesignEquipmentsupportandothertertiarystructuredesignDeckfabricationsupportClassificationinterfaceTopsideLayoutGuidelinesFollowthesamerulesasforconventionalplatforms(safearea,topdeck,flare,generators,equipmentingroups,firepumps,logistics-后勤保障)Wellslocatedsymmetricallyaboutcenter〔关于井口中心对称〕Trytobalanceweights〔重量平衡〕ConsidertheframelimitationtomajorequipmenthandlingRiserapproach–needtoleaveenoughspaceforrisermovement〔考虑立管空间〕Considereasypipingandcablelayoutwhendividinginmodulesforliftingpurpose〔考虑线缆布置〕ExampleLayoutWaterdepth5000ftProductionplatformwithoil,gassalethroughpipelines,producedwateroverboardWellspre-drilled,workoverpackagewithsidetrackcapacity9wellslots,4futureSCRsubseatiebackbasketsTurbine,dieselauxiliary&emergencygeneratorsQuarterscapacity100maxCGwithin3to5ftfromcenter(220x220platform)DeckDesignCodesandRequirementsCompanySpecialRequirementsandSpecificationsCodesandStandards:APIRP2AAPISpec2BAPISpec2CAPIRP2LAISC–WSD,9thEditionAWSD1.1–2000DeckDesignDPDObjective:ReflecttheprojectrequirementsMapoutthedesignmethodologyanddesignapproachfordeckstructuredesign.AchieveaconsistentdesignmethodologyandbasisforthevariousdesigngroupsinvolvedintheprojectDefinitionofTopsideDeckSteelPrimarysteelSecondaryandappurtenancesTertiaryforequipment/systemsupportsDesignRequirementsandConfigurationGloballoadsdifferentiatethefloatingstructuredeckdesignfromfixedplatformdeckdesignGlobalpry/squeezeloadAccelerationloadTypicaltwoorthreedecklevels:

DrillingdeckProductiondeckCellarDeckTopdeckelevationtoaccommodatetheriserstrokeDecksaretypicallysquare/rectangulartoobtainuniformwindloadinalldirectionsDesignRequirementsandConfigurationDeckstructuraldesigntoaccommodateequipmentarrangementDeckframing/skidbeamdesigntoaccommodatedrilling/workoverrigConfigurationtosatisfyallaboverequirementsandfunctionalitiesDeckshallbedesignedforin-place(strengthandfatigue),loadout,transport,lift.DesignMethodologyandApproachDeckDesignFlowChartBid/Mat’lOrderDrawingsHullConnectionDesignDeckConfigurationConceptualDesignPreliminaryDesignInstallationPlanLiftCapacityDeckSectioningEquip.LayoutsDrillingRigLivingQuartersWeightEstimateFramingPlanMembersizesHullDeckInterfaceSteelWeight

DetailedEngineeringInitialAnalysisandSizingStrengthAnalysis:In-PlaceLiftTransportFatigueScreeningMetoceanDataLoadsWeightBudgetDrillRigLoadsAccelerationsLayoutDrawingsHullInterface

DetailedStrengthAnalysis:In-PlaceLiftTransportDetailedFatigueAnalysisInstallationInputLiftArrangementTransportBargeUpdatedWeight/LayoutsAFCDrawingsStructuralInput-Deckgeometry-Loadplans-Environmentalloads-Loadcases-SupportsystemfromhullInstallationMethodology-Installationsequence-Liftingpointselection-InstallationaidsonstructuresTopsidesFacilitiesInput-EquipmentLayout-EquipmentweightandCG-Equipmentmodules-Rigpackages-FlareboomandCranesDeckConfigurationDeckplandbmsizingGlobalStrengthAnalyses-In-placeanalysis-LoadoutAnalysis-TransportationAnalysis-LiftingAnalysisLocalStrengthAnalysis-Deck/Hullconnection-Localsupporttomodules,deepgirderSecondaryStructures-LQ/Helideck-Flareboom,CraneboomrestCodeCheck-Strength(API/AISC)-JointCan(API)In-placeFatigueAnalysis-Simplifiedapproachforquickresults-Detailedspectraanalysistoverifyokok-Producedrawings-WeightEstimateyesyesnonoAnalysisSoftwareSACS/StruCad-StickmodelfordeckstructureANSYSforjointsandtopsidestohullconnectionTubulartotubularTubulartowideflangeANSYSandSACSforfatigueanalysisSpreadsheetandhandcalculationforsecondaryplatingandbeamsDesignConditions

Phase

Condition

Environment

TopsidePayloadAllowableStressIncreaseFabricationLoadoutNoneLoadout/lift1.00InstallationTransportTBDLoadout/lift1.33LiftTBDLoadout/lift1.00In-place:OperatingOperating100-yrwinterstormMaximum1.00In-place:ExtremeExtreme100-yrstormwithmaximumwindHurricane1.33DeckDesignDeadLoadSelf-weightofdeckprimaryandsecondarysteel+milltolerance+designmarginLoadsGravity:permanentandtemporaryEnvironment:wind,squallMotion:heave,lateral,gsin,rotationsFunctionalLoad:SCRpull-in,flowlinepullin,riserloads,cranelifting,etc.TypicalUniformAreaLoadsProductionandCellarDeckequipmentareas350psfMainDeckequipmentareas500psfMainDeckwellbayarea200psfWalkways,stairsandaccessdecks100psfLaydownareas（工作区）400psfMusterareas（群集区）150psfuniformarealoadsforthewalkways,stairways,laydownandmusterareas,andaccessplatformsarenotincludedintheglobalanalysisDeckGrating:100psfDeckplating300psfor1000lbfconcentratedloadHelideck:40psforhelicopterlandingloadDeckDesignLoadsUniformAreaLoadsDeckbeam:100%UALTrussrowandintermediategirderandtubularaboveproductiondeck:75%UALLegsandtrussbracesbelowproductiondeck:60%UALDeckStructuralConfigurationNumberofDecksDrillDeckElevationMainTrussRowSpacingNumberofDeckLegsDeckSplit:maindriverisinstallationCranevesselavailability/CapacityHookupandcommissioningOverallfieldinstallationplanDeckshape(squarevsrectangular)DeckDesignDrillingRigSub-structurespacing>60ftRigloadsmodeledwithreactionsaorpyramidRiserTensionerLoadTransferLineloadsInertialLoads:accelerationdatafromglobalteamIn-PlaceEnvironmentalLoads:Windload,similartofixedplatform.Butwindloadmayobtainfromwindtunneltest.DeckStructuralConfigurationNumberofDecksSpardecknormallyhasthreedecklevels:drilldeck,productiondeckandcellardeckTLPdeckhastwolevelsandthreelevelsdependingonthedrillingrequirementsDrillDeckElevationDrilldeckshallbesufficientlyhightoaccommodatetheupstrokeoftheTTRs.StroketobedeterminedbyglobalperformanceandriserteamDeckStructuralConfigurationMainTrussRowSpacingDeterminedbythehullgeometryandperimeterNormallyatthelocationswherethehullpostscomingup

NumberofDeckLegsCanbe4,8,16dependingonthestructureForspar,ittypicallyis4ForTLP,8and16usedmost;4usedformono-hullTLPDeckStructuralConfigurationDeck-to-hullconnectionclosetotopofhullDiagonalbracespenetratethecellardeckLikelyfulltrusstedtowithstandthesignificantpitch-inducedlateralload.

DeckStructuralConfigurationDeckSplitLimitedbycranebargeavailability&capacity,ifthedeckistooheavy,thedeckwillneedtobesplit,eitherhorizontallyorverticallyDianaspardeckisaverticalsplitHolsteinspardeckissplitintothreepieces:MSF,EastandWestModulesDeckShapeSpardeckarenormallysquaretoobtainuniformwindloadinalldirectionsRectangularconfigurationscouldbeconsideredinordertominimizeliftingvesselradiusandincreaseliftingcapabilities.SparDeckDesignDPDLoadoutOnelegsettleorrise1〞AlsoconsiderbreakoutandrackingforcesTransportMarinegroupprovidemotiondata,orUseNDAtrans-oceantowcriteriaLiftAPI2ARequirementsFatigueAnalysisandDesignFatigueFatiguescreeninganalysisSpectralFatigueanalysisonprimaryjointsFatigueassessmentonsecondaryjointsLowfrequencyfatiguecanbeignoredDesignfatiguelifeis3xservicelifeDeckAnalysisLoadsEquipmentLoadsModeledwithWeightandCGLiveLoadAsEquallyDistributedMassesforeachDeckLevelRigMassModeledasDistributedMassonSkidBeams〔滑道梁〕TensionerLoadsModeledasForcesSqueeze-PryForcesModeledDeckAnalysisRequirementsIn-PlaceAnalysisMassModelingofinertialloads:EquipmentCGstobecorrectHull/DeckinteractiontobemodeledSpectralFatigueanalysisonprimaryjointsFatigueassessmentsecondaryjointsmaybeignored.Lowfrequencyfatiguemaybeignored.OtherAnalysesSimilartoConventionalDecksDeckFrameSectionDeck/HullConnectionDesignDecklegtocastingconnectionConfigurationtoaccommodatetolerancesofmisalignmentduringthefabricationandinstallation.Designedforstrengthandfatigue,andlikelyfatiguedesigngovern.Considerationoftheconnectionweldiscriticalforobtainingsafequalityweldoffshore.Welddesigniscriticalfortheconnectionfatigueanalysis.FEAisrequiredJointDesignMethodologyandAnalysisWFtoWFTomeetAISCspecFEATubulartoWFTomeetAISCspec/FEAAddwebstiffenersTubulartoTubularTomeetAPIRP2A/FEASimpleJoint/OverlapJointReinforcedJointMemberDesignMethodologyLocationsforUCEndsandmidpointMemberSlendernessPrimarymember<100Secondary<120EffectiveKTubularD/tRatio20<D/t<60D/t>60causeallowablereductionReinforcedJointMemberDesignMethodologyPlateGirderFlanges:min.t=12mm,Bf/t<95/FyWebs:min.t=9mm,h/tw<760/FyVortex