导学案-人教必修四-unit(初)-2

必修四Unit2WorkingthelandSectionAWarmingUp,Pre-reading,ReadingandComprehending问题导学SummaryAlthoughheisoneofChina'smostfamous1(scientist),yetYuanLongpingconsiders2〔he〕afarmer,forheworksthelandtodohisresearch.Indeed,his3(sunburn)faceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejust4thoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers,forwhomhe5〔struggle〕forthepastfivedecades.DrYuanLongpinggrows6iscalledsuperhybridrice.In1974,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworld7(grow)ricethathasahighoutput.Thisspecialstrainofricemakes8possibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropin9samefields.Nowmorethan60%ofthericeproducedinChinaeachyearis10hishybridstrain.【答案】1.scientists2.himself3.sunburnt/sunburned4.like5.hasstruggled6.what7.togrow8.it9.the10.fromLanguagePoints重点单词1.strugglevt.&vi.斗争；拼搏；努力；艰难地行进；吃力地进行n.斗争；拼搏；努力;困难拓展：①strugglefor为……斗争②struggleagainst同……作斗争③struggletoone'sfeet挣扎着站起来④struggletodosth努力去做某事⑤astruggle一件难事〞经典例句：①We

must

struggle

with/against

allkindsofdifficulties.

我们必须与各种困难作斗争。②Theyarestrugglingfortheirfreedomandequality.他们正在为自由和平等而奋斗。③Theoldladystruggledtoherfeetintheend.最终，老太太挣扎着站起来了。④LiHuastruggledformonthstofindajobasatypistbuthehadnoluck.李华苦苦奋斗几个月想找一个打字员的工作，但是没有结果。⑤Growinguphasalwaysbeena

struggle.成长总是艰苦的。=6\*GB3⑥ThechildrenmadesomuchnoisethatIhadtostruggletobeheard.孩子们吵吵的太厉害了,我得尽力才能让他们能听到我说的话。知识运用：①Sheisstruggling(seize)theonlychancetosurvive.②Hewaswalkingalongthestreetwhenhesawawoman(struggle)withalargebox.③They

had

to

struggletheirlivestheweather

and

wildanimals.④The

poor

girl

has

to

struggle

cancer.⑤Itis〔一件不容易的事〕forJacktogetreadyinsuchashorttime.【答案】①toseize②struggling③for;against④against/with⑤astruggle2.hungern.饥饿；欲望vt.&vi.〔使〕饥饿拓展：①haveahungerfor=behungryfor渴望得到②hungerfor/after渴望得到③dieofhunger死于饥饿④hungryadj.饥饿的⑤gohungry挨饿经典例句：①Childrenhaveastronghungerforknowledge.孩子们有强烈的求知欲。②Everybody

intheworld

hungers

for

success.世人都渴望成功。③Thousandsofpeoplewouldgohungryifthecropsweredestroyed.庄稼要是毁了，成千上万的人就要挨饿。④Thebirddiedofhunger.那只鸟饿死了。知识运用：①Youngpeoplehungerknowledgeandnewthings.②HishungerknowledgedrovehimtotheLibraryeveryday.③Almosteverybodyis

(hunger)

for

money.【答案】①for②for③hungry

3.disturbingadj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的拓展：①disturb

sb/sth.扰乱,弄乱，打搅②disturbsbwithsth因某事打搅某人③disturbedadj心烦意乱的；不安的；心理失常的④be/feeldisturbedtodo…因为做某事而感到不安、困扰⑤be/feeldisturbedby…被……打搅=6\*GB3⑥be/feeldisturbedabout…对……感到不安经典例句：.①I'msorrytodisturbyouwiththisquestion.对不起，我问问题打搅你了。②Keepquiet

inthe

readingroom

inorder

notto

disturb

others.

在阅览室里要保持安静，

以免阻碍别人。③Itisverydisturbingthattherehasbeenanincreaseincrimeinthelastsixmonths.过去六个月里犯罪案件的增加令人非常不安。

④Hewasbadlydisturbedby

therumor.他被谣言弄得非常心烦意乱。知识运用：①ForyearsPeterSmith'slifebythememoryofanaccidentthatcausedthedeathofoneofhis

classmates.②(disturb)newscamethatthevirusspreadquickly,whichmadeusrather(disturb).③Shewasdisturbed________hermother’ssuddenillness④Shewasdisturbed_______〔hear〕ofhermother’ssuddenillness.⑤Shewasdisturbed________thenewsofhermother’ssuddenillness.=6\*GB3⑥Thencamethe________〔disturb〕newsthatherfatherhadbecomeseriouslyill.=7\*GB3⑦In

order

not

〔disturb〕,I

spent

three

hourslockedin

my

study.【答案】①wasdisturbed②Disturbing;disturbed③about

④tohear⑤by=6\*GB3⑥disturb=7\*GB3⑦to

be

disturbed4.thereforeadv.因为；所以；因而拓展：①therefore

是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用连词或者分号；而

so是连词，可接句子。②如果therefore承接的两个句子的主语为同一主语，那么可用

“therefore＋v-ing〞作结果状语。经典例句：①Wehaveagrowingpopulationandthereforeweneedmorefood.

我们的人口在日益增长，所以我们需要更多的食物。②Agriculturehasdevelopedrapidly,

thereforeprovidinglightindustrywith

enoughrawmaterials.

农业迅速开展,从而为轻工业提供了充足的原料。③Thereisstillmuchtodiscuss.Weshallthereforeholdanothermeetingtodiscussitnextweek.还有很多问题要讨论，所以，我们还有再开一次会议来讨论这些问题。知识运用：①Ithoughtitwasdulltowatchagameinwhichplayerskickedaballtoeachother.Therefore,myfatherlovesfootball.〔单句改错〕②Itrainedthereforethefootballmatchwaspostponed.〔单句改错〕③Recentlywehaveemployedanewtechniqueintheproduction,therefore〔reduce〕thecost.

④IwasillthereforeIcouldn’tgototheparty.=IwasillIcouldn’tgototheparty.【答案】①Therefore改为However②therefore前加and或改therefore为so③reducing

④and;so5.equip(equipped,equipped)vt.配备；装备拓展：①equip…with…用……把某人/自己装备起来；使……装备②beequippedwith…装备有……；安装有……③equipsb.todosth.使有能力做某事；使有所准备做某事④sb.

be

equipped

to

do

sth.

某人有准备做某事

⑤beequippedfor…准备好……；对……有准备=6\*GB3⑥equipmentUn．设备

经典例句：①Our

classroom

isequippedwith

a

TV

set

and

acomputer.

我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台电脑。②A

good

education

will

equip

you

for

life.良好的教育将使你受用终生。③Hertrainingequippedhertodealwiththenewjob.她所受的培训使她能够对付这项新的工作。④Our

school

has

been

given

some

new

equipment.我们学校被给了一些新的设备。⑤Westudentsshouldequipourselveswithrichknowledge.我们学生应该用知识来丰富自己。知识运用：①Heequippedhisnewbikeaheadlight.②Yourtrainingwillequipyouyourfuturejob.③Ourschooloffersusgood(equip)andourteachers(equip)withrichexperienceinteaching.④〔equip〕withnewscientificfarmingmethods，theyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.【答案】①with②for ③equipment；areequipped④Equipped6.confusevt.使迷惑；使为难拓展：①confuseAwithB把A混为B②beconfusedby…被……搞糊涂，③beconfusedabout对……感到不解④confusedadj感到困惑的，烦恼的⑤confusingadj令人困惑的=6\*GB3⑥confusionn.骚乱；混乱；混淆经典例句：①Ihopemyexplanationdidn’tconfuseeverybody.我希望我的解释没有把大家都弄糊涂。②I

confusedherwithhersister

becausetheyweresoalike.我把她和她妹妹弄混了，因为她们长得太像了。③Thisisaconfusingwordbecauseithasseveralmeanings.这是一个令人迷惑的单词，因为它有几个意思。④

I’m

confused

about

whatIamgoingtodoaftergraduation.我对我毕业之后从事什么工作感到很迷惑。知识运用：①Hewasreally〔confuse〕bythe〔confuse〕problemwhichalso〔confuse〕otherpeople.②Hiswritingisso〔confuse〕thatitisdifficulttomakeoutwhatheistryingtoexpress.③The_________〔confuse〕motheraskedhimwhathetalkedaboutwithherlittledaughter.④Helookedatme

in(confuse)

,notansweringmyquestion.⑤ForeigntouristsareoftenconfusinginJapanbecausemoststreetstheredon’thavenames.〔单句改错〕【答案】①confused；confusing;confused②confusing③confused④confusion

⑤confusing改为

confused7.regretvt.遗憾；惋惜n.遗憾；懊悔拓展：①regretsth.懊悔/遗憾某事②regretthat从句遗憾……③regretdoing/havingdone/tohavedonesth.懊悔做了某事④regrettosay/tell/inform遗憾地说/告诉/通知⑤muchtoone'sregret使某人非常遗憾的是=6\*GB3⑥withregret遗憾地=7\*GB3⑦express

regret

for/at/over

sth…对……表示遗憾

=8\*GB3⑧be/feelregretfulfor为……感到懊悔

经典例句：①Iregretthelossofherfriendship.我为失去她的友谊而遗憾。②IregrettosaythatIamunabletohelpyou.很抱歉,我爱莫能助。③Iamregretfulforhurtingherfeelings.我懊悔伤害了她的感情。④Idon'tregrettelling/havingtold/tohavetoldherwhatIthought.我不为告诉她我的想法而懊悔。⑤I

feel

regretful

forwhat

I'vedone.

我懊悔我所做的一切。=6\*GB3⑥Muchto

my

regret

，

I

must

leave

now.

令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。

=7\*GB3⑦We

heard

withregret

that

you

were

not

successful

in

your

plan.

听到你的方案不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。

知识运用：①Ideeplyregret(say)thoserudewordstoyouthatday.Iapologizetoyouforthat.②Lifeistooshorttospendtime

(regret).③LiPingdidnotregret(give)thecommentbutfeltthatshecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.④Theschoolboysaidhe(regret)the

timewasted

playingcomputergames.⑤Robertisindeedawiseman.HowoftenIhaveregretted(没听他的建议)!

=6\*GB3⑥〔使我非常遗憾的是〕,Ican’tvisityounextweek.【答案】①tosay②regretting③giving/havinggiven/tohavegiven④regretted⑤nottakinghisadvice=6\*GB3⑥MuchtomyregretII.重点短语1．thanksto幸亏；由于；因为拓展:与thanksto同义的短语：①owingto②dueto(不位于句首)③asa/theresultof④becauseof⑤onaccountof经典例句：①Thankstohisencouragement,Iambuildingupmyconfidence.多亏了他的鼓励，我正逐步建立信心。②Itisbecauseoftheterribleweatherthattheoutputofcropsreducesby20%thisyear.是由于糟糕的天气今年的庄稼才减产20%的。③Hewenttoschoollatethanksto/becauseoftheheavyrain.因为下大雨，他上学迟到了。④Iamwellagain,thankstothedoctor.我已经康复了，多亏了医生。知识运用：①〔多亏吉姆的警告〕,

we

avoided

the

accident.

②(由于坏天气)，thefootballmatchhasbeenputoff.③I

couldn’t

attend

the

meetingowingmyillness.

④I

couldn’t

attend

the

meetingbecausemyillness.⑤Ididn’t

attend

the

meetingaccountofmyillness.=6\*GB3⑥Ididn’t

attend

the

meetingaresultofmyillness.=7\*GB3⑦Thanksyourhelp.Weallpassedtheexam.=8\*GB3⑧Thanksyourhelp,weallpassedtheexam.【答案】①ThankstoJim’s

warning②Thanksto/Owingto/Becauseof/Onaccountof/Asaresultofthebadweather③to④of⑤on=6\*GB3⑥as=7\*GB3⑦for=8\*GB3⑧to2.rid…of摆脱；除去拓展：①ridoneselfof使自己摆脱(从中解脱)②getridof摆脱〔疾病、坏习惯等〕；除掉〔观点、传统等〕〔指动作〕③beridof摆脱；除掉〔指状态〕④其它常见的“v.＋sb.ofsth.〞结构：robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物convincesb.ofsth.使某人信服某事warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事informsb.ofsth.告知某人某事curesb.ofsth.治愈某人的疾病remindsbofsth提醒某人关于某事经典例句：①Onceformed,thesebadhabitsarehardtogetridof.一旦养成，这些坏习惯很难摆脱。

②Ican'tgetridofmycold．我感冒老不好。③Youmustgetridofsuchsilly

ideas．你必须去掉这些愚蠢的观念。④Mr.Johnsontriedtogetridofthemanwhowasfollowinghimbutinvain.约翰逊试图摆脱跟踪他的那个人，但是徒劳。知识运用：①Itisnoteasyto〔去掉一种坏习惯〕.②Thankstotheschoolmate’shelp,hefinally________________________________________________(改掉了他的坏习惯).③Thedentist(使他摆脱了痛苦)bytakingouthisbadtooth.④Overthepastfewdecades,thegovernmenthashelpedridagoodmanypeoplepovertyandhunger.⑤Ashewasgettingontothestage,Danclosedhiseyesandtookadeepbreathtoridhimofhisfears.(单句改错)【答案】①getridofabad

habit②ridhimselfof/gotridofhisbadhabit③ridhimofthepain④of⑤him改为himself3.besatisfiedwith…=bepleasedwith…对……感到满意拓展：①satisfy

vt.满意；使满意

;满足

②be

satisfied

to

do

乐意干……

③be

satisfied

that

满意……

④satisfied

adj.

感到满意的=5\*GB3⑤satisfying

adj.

令人满意的=6\*GB3⑥satisfactory

adj.

令人满意的=7\*GB3⑦satisfaction

n.

满意，满足=8\*GB3⑧withsatisfaction满意地=9\*GB3⑨toone’ssatisfaction使某人满意的是经典例句：①)I

am

satisfied

with

the

result.我对那个结果很满意。②My

parents

try

to

satisfy

allmy

needs.我父母尽量满足我的所有需求。③There

was

a

satisfied

look

on

her

face.她脸上露出了满意的微笑。④Much

to

my

satisfaction，my

boss

agreed

to

my

suggestion.很使我满意的是，老板同意了我的建议。=5\*GB3⑤Hisexplanationisfarfromsatisfactory.他的解释远不令人满意。=6\*GB3⑥Thatwasasatisfyingperformance.

那是一场令人满意的演出。知识运用：①You’redonewellatschool.I’mverysatisfied________you.②TheboylookedathisChristmasgiftwithanexpressionof〔satisfy〕.③〔satisfy〕theneed,wearestillinneedofalargesumofmoney.④SofarasIknow,heisquite〔satisfy〕withhispresentjob.=5\*GB3⑤Theresultsoftheexperimentareverysatisfied.【答案】①with②satisfaction

③Tosatisfy④satisfied=5\*GB3⑤satisfied改为satisfactory/satisfying4.wouldrather宁愿；宁可拓展：①would

rather(not)dosth宁愿〔不〕做某事②would

ratherdosththando…=would

dosthratherthando…宁愿做某事也不愿意做……③would

rather主语didsth宁愿主语做某事〔实际上没做〕④would

rather主语haddonesth宁愿主语过去做了某事=5\*GB3⑤would

rather

have

done

sth.

要是做过某事就好了；宁愿做过某事(实际上没)经典例句：①I‘d

rather

not

tell

anybody

about

it.

我宁愿不把这事告诉任何人②

He

would

rather

die

than

give

in.=He

would

die

ratherthan

give

in.他宁死不屈。③I

would

rather

he

didn‘t

come.

我宁愿他不会来。

④I

would

ratheryou

had

taken

my

advice

yesterday.

昨天你要是听了我的建议就好了。=5\*GB3⑤I

would

rather

have

taken

his

advice

yesterday.

昨天，我要是听他的忠告就好了。知识运用：

①Wouldyouratherstayathomeor(我们一起出去散步)?②I’dratherMary________(give)ussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell.③Hewoulddosomesportswithhisclassmates________________(而不愿)stayathomedoingnothing.④Iwouldrathersleepalldaythantoplaycomputergamesforalongtime.〔单句改错〕【答案】①goouttohaveawalkwithus②gave

③ratherthan④去掉toIII.重点句子1.Dr.YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice．袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻〞的稻种。句式分析：句中whatiscalledsuperhybridrice为宾语从句，作grows的宾语。what引导名词从句，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语，what在从句中可以作主语、表语、宾语等。经典例句：①Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwhatwasawastelandtenyearsago.一座现代化的城市已经在十年前曾经是一片废墟的地上建立起来了。

②After

a

hard

time

they

came

to

what

is

called

America

today.艰难的一段时间的努力后，他们来到了现在称作美洲的地方。

③—Couldyoudomeafavour?—Itdependsonwhatitis.--你能帮我一个忙吗？--那要看是什么了。④We

now

live

in

what

is

called

the

Information

Age.

我们现在生活在所谓的信息时代。

知识运用：

①Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof______mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.②After(似乎很长时间),thebusarrived.③Afterhours’drive，theyreached________theythoughtwastheplacethey’dbeendreamingof.④Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellforhethoughtwasnotenough.=5\*GB3⑤PeopleinChongqingareproudof___theyhaveachievedinthepasttenyears.【答案】①what②whatseemedalongtime

③what④what=5\*GB3⑤what2.In1973,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.1974年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。句式分析：句中的togrowrice为动词不定式作定语，修饰thefirstagriculturalpioneer。注意：当名词前有序数词、最高级或next，last,theonly修饰，且名词与不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系，必须用动词不定式作定语。经典例句：①Hewasthelastonetoleaveschoolyesterday.昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。

②ThefirstpersontoreachtheSouthPolewasRonaldAmundsen,aNorwegianexplorer.第一个到达南极点的人)是挪威探险家罗纳德·阿蒙森。③Chinaisamongthefirstfewcountriestodevelopfarming.中国是世界上为数不多的最早开展农业的国家之一。拓展：1)不定式与其所修饰的名词还可能有逻辑上动宾关系，如：①Gethimsomethingtoeat.给他拿点儿东西吃。

Shehasalotofworktodointhemorning.早上他有很多工作要做。2)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。如：①Ineedapentowritewith.我需要一支笔写字。

②Thereisnothingtoworryabout.没有什么值得发愁的。

3)下面名词常常跟不定式作定语：

ability，ambition，effort，need，opportunity，chance，force，promise，courage，intention，reason，decision，determination，wish等。如：

①Ihaven’thadachancetothinkyet.我还没有时机思考。②Wehavenoneedtobeafraidofthem!我们没有必要害怕他们!③Hiswishtobuyacarcametrue.他买辆车的愿望实现了。

④Theirdecisiontogiveuptheexperimentsurprisedus.

他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。

知识运用：①Hewas〔最后一个离开教室的人〕yesterday.②Hewas(做这个工作的最正确人选).③Shewas〔唯一的幸存者〕intheaircrash.④Heisalwaysthefirstperson___________(come)andthelastone_______(leave).=5\*GB3⑤Givemesomepapertowrite.(单句改错)【答案】①thelastpersontoleavetheclassroom②thebestmantodothejob③theonlyonetosurvive④tocome；toleave=5\*GB3⑤write后加on3.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的杂交水稻种子,农民们种出的粮食是以前的两倍。句式分析：twiceaslargeasbefore是个一种数的表达方法，即“倍数+as+形容词+as〞的结构，意思是，“以前的两倍〞。拓展：有关倍数的表达方式还有：①倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as…②倍数＋as＋many/much＋名词＋as…③倍数＋形容词/副词的比拟级＋than…④倍数＋the＋名词＋of…⑤倍数+that/thoseof…=6\*GB3⑥倍数+what从句注意：(1)在“倍数＋the＋名词＋of〞结构中，常用的名词有size,height,weight,length,width等。(2)两倍用twice或double，不到一倍用分数表示，三倍或三倍以上一般用times来表示，如threetimes,fourtimes等。经典例句：①Theearthisforty-ninetimeslargerthanthemoon.

地球比月亮大四十九倍。②Thisriveristwiceaslongasthatone.

这条河是那条河的两倍长。③Thisropeisonlyhalfthelengthofthatone.这条绳子的长度是那条绳子的一半。④Hemakestwiceasmuchmoneyashiswife.他挣的钱是他妻子的两倍多。⑤Theoutputofthisyearis3timesthatof2007.今年的产量三倍于2007年的产量。=6\*GB3⑥Theoutputofthisyearis3timeswhatitwas2007.今年的产量是2007年的三倍。知识运用：①Thehallis〔是我们教室的五倍大〕.②Itissaidthatthefactoryisnow____________________________________________(过去的两倍)．③Ournewcampusisfivetimes_____________________________________________(旧校园大小).④Muchtothecouple'scomfort,theirincomeisnowdouble________itwasfiveyearsago.⑤Theheight

of

thebigtreeisfourtimes

of

that

smallone.【答案】①fivetimesbiggerthanourclassroom②twiceaslargeaswhatitwas③thesizeoftheoldone④what⑤thatSectionBLearningaboutEnglish，UsingLanguagesandSummaryup问题导学SummaryOverthepastseveraldecades,1(use)chemicalfertilizershasbecomeverycommoninfarming.However,scientistsarefindingthatoverusingthemcancausedamagetothelandaswellaspeople'shealth.

Withthese2(discovery),manyfarmersarebeginningtoturntoorganicfarming,thatis,3(simple)farmingwithoutusinganychemicals.Theyfocus4keepingtheirsoilrichbyusingnaturalwasteasfertilizer,5keepstheair,soil,waterandcropsfreefromchemicals.

Organicfarmersalsousemany6methodstokeepthesoilfertile.Theychangethekindofcropineachfieldeveryfewyears.Someorganicfarmersprefer7(plant)grassbetweencropstopreventwindorwaterfrom8(carry)awaythesoil,andthenleavingitinthegroundtobecomeanaturalfertilizerforthenextyear'scrop.Thesemethodshave9samegoal:togrowgoodfoodandavoid10(damage)theenvironmentorpeople'shealth.【答案】1.using2.discoveries3.simply4.on5.which6.other7.planting8.carrying9.the10.damagingLanguagePointsI.重点单词1.discoveryn.发现；觉察拓展：①discovervt.发现②discoverern.发现者③thediscoveryof对……的发现④thediscovererof……的发现者

经典例句：①MadameCuriediscoveredradium.居里夫人发现了镭。②Theislandwasnamedafteritsdiscoverer,Tasman.这个岛是以它的发现者塔斯曼的名字来命名的。③MadameCuriebecamewellknownforthediscoveryofradium．居里夫人因为发现了镭而变得闻名了。④MadameCuriewillalwaysberememberedas

the

discoverer

ofthe

element

radium.居里夫人将会作为镭的发现者永远被人们记住。知识运用：①Columbus

America

in

1492.②The(discover)ofelectricitywasFranklin.③The(discover)ofelectricity，likemanyother___________(discover),benefitsusgreatly.【答案】①discovered②discoverer③discovery,discoveries2.focusn.焦点；中心点vt.集中；聚集拓展:①focuson聚焦，关注②focus/fix/concentrateone'sattentionon…把注意力集中于……③focusone'sattention/eyes/energyon…集中注意力/目光/精力于……④befocusedon专注于⑤thefocusof……的焦点

经典例句：①Shefocusedhermindonherlessons．她把她的心思都集中在学习上。②Withallhisattentionfocusedonthebookhewasreading,hedidn'tnoticewhathadhappened.由于全部注意力都集中在他读的书上，他没有注意到所发生的事。③Withsomanypeoplefocusingtheireyesonher,shefeltverynervous.有那么多人在盯着自己，她感到很紧张。④Ourattentionshouldbefocusedonourlessons.我们应该专注我们的功课。⑤Thisproblemhasbecomethefocusofpublicattention.这个问题已经成为公众注意的焦点。知识运用：①Wemustfocusourattentionthequestionofreducingcosts．②Withallhisattention〔focus〕onthecomputergame,theboyevendidn'tnoticehismothercamein.③Globalwarminghasbecome〔会议的焦点〕tobeheldtomorrow.④She

feltthat

all

the

eyes

(盯着她).

【答案】①

on②focused③thefocusofthemeeting④werefixed/focusedon

her3.reducevt.减少；减缩vi.减少；缩小；归纳为拓展:①reduce…by…把……减少了……②reduce…to…把……减少到……；把……变为……状态③bereducedtodoingsth…陷入某种境地④reductionn减少；下降；缩小经典例句：①Bytakingexerciseeveryday,shehasreducedherweightby10%to50kilos.通过每天锻炼身体，她的体重减少了10%，到了50公斤。②It’ssurprisingthattherichmanshouldbereducedtobeggingforaliving.信不信由你，那个富人竟然沦落至乞讨为生。③Wecanonlymake

a

reduction

of$5perton

in

the

price.我们只能在价格上每吨降5美元。④Shehasbeenreducingforthelastfewweeks.她在最近几周一直在节食减肥。知识运用：①Therewasverylittlefoodinhardtimes.Asaresult，manypeoplewerereducedto________(eat)grassandleaves.②Thisistheonlyway________(reduce)thewasteofwaterinstudents'bedrooms.③Weagreetoreduceourprice3%ifyoupayincash.④Myfatherreducedhisweight6kilos.【答案】①eating②toreduce③by④by4.commentn.vi.&vt.评论；议论拓展:①commenton/uponsth.对某事做出评论②makecommentson/upon/aboutsb./sth.对某人(某事做出评论③withoutcomment未作任何解释经典例句：①Iwon’tcommentonhisdecision.=Iwon’tmakeanycommentonhisdecision.我不会对他的决定做出评论。②He

listenedto

what

I

said

without

much

comment,

then

changedthe

subject

tomyjob.

他听着我说的话，没怎么评论，然后将话题转移到我的工作上。知识运用：①I'msurehewillsurely________________(做出评论)yourworkifyouaskhimto.②Swapsummarieswithyourpartnerand________________________________________(互相评论).③IoftenwishIcouldcommentyourlettersbutthereisnotime.(单句改错)【答案】①makecommentson/upon②makecommentsoneachother③comment后加onII.重点短语1.buildup逐渐增强；建立；开发拓展：v+up短语：addup加起来；合计comeup上升；走近；发芽pickup捡起；学会；用车接；〔天气〕晴开takeup拿起；开始；从事lookup查找；向上看eatup吃光；吃完setup竖起；创设；开办经典例句：①Sheisstrugglingtobuildupherconfidence.她正在努力建立信心。②Takingexercisehelpsusbuildupourbodyandkeepaclearmind.经常锻炼有助于我们增强体质并保持清醒的头脑。③It'ssaidthatshe'sbuiltupaverysuccessfulbusiness.据说她开了一家很成功的生意。知识运用：①Wetakeregularexercisetobuild________ourbody.②Hisconfidence(build)upgraduallyashegainedmoreandmoreexperienceinteaching.③Youwillfeelgoodifyou(建立起良好的相互关系).

【答案】①up②built③buildupgoodrelationshipswitheachother2.leadto导致；造成〔后果〕拓展：①leadsb.todosth.导致某