语言学题目有答案

语言学题目有答案ncommunity3.Thefunctionofthesentence“Waterboilsat100degreesCentigrade.”is__________.likelytosay“碎碎(岁岁)平安”asameansofcontrollingtheforceswhichtheybelievesfeel—Aniceday,isn’tit?A.EmotiveB.PhaticC.7.__________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’sknowledgeofA.PerformanceB.CompetenceC.LangueD.Parolet语言学题目有答案n18.AstudyofthefeaturesoftheEnglishusedinShakespeare’stimeisanexampleof2004)1~5BACCC11~15FFTFF6~10BACAC16~20FFFFFcommunication.33.Competence:Itisanessentialpartofperformance.Itisthespeaker’sknowledgeofncompetence.se语言学题目有答案A.allophoneB.phoneC.phonemeD.morphemephoneme.A.analoguesB.tagmemesC.morphemesD.allophonesgCtalstopD.Consonant语言学题目有答案~5ACDAA6~10DBABB11~15TTTFF16~20TTTFF36.Whenthevocalcordsarespreadapart,theairfromthelungspassesbetweenthemwordsD.formwordsmorpheme.C语言学题目有答案boundD.derivationaleBfourCA.acronymyB.clippingC.AblendingBclippingC.back-formationD.acronymyA.agreementB.agreeC.tA.lexemeB.phonemeC.morphemeD.allomorphremoved.fmorphemes.rethey (厦门大学，2003)37.MatchthetermsunderCOLUMNIwiththeunderlinedformsfromCOLUMNII (武汉大学，2004)III(1)acronyma.foe(2)freemorphemeb.subconscious(3)derivationalmorphemec.UNESCOinflectionalmorphemedoverwhelmed语言学题目有答案1~5AACBB6~10BCADB11~15FTFTT16~20FTFFF31.Blending:Itisaprocessofword-formationinwhichanewwordisformedbyteA.rightB.wrongC.grammaticalD.ungrammaticaldclauseDnal8.Theheadofthephrase“thecityRome”is__________.RomenateD语言学题目有答案A.simpleB.coordinateC.compoundD.complexcompetence.bnanalysis.(北京第二外国语大学，2004)3.1~5DCDDD6~10ADDBA11~15TTTTF16~20FTFTTVPandPP.语言学题目有答案r胡壮麟《语言学教程》(修订版)测试题——第五章：意义7._________dealswiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementandtheAReferenceBConceptC.SemanticsD.Sensesameform.语言学题目有答案A.PolysemyB.SynonymyC.HomonymyD.HyponymyA.homonymsB.polysemiesC.hyponymsD.synonymssle12.Senseisconcernedwiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementandthee6.1~5ABDDB6~10CACDA11~15FFTFT16~20TFTTT7.胡壮麟《语言学教程》(修订版)测试题——第七章：语言、文化和社会eC.accentD.morphemesfrom.语言学题目有答案C.SocialvariationD.RegistervariationhemajorsourceofregionalvariationoflanguageA.GeographicalbarriersB.Loyaltytoandconfidenceinone’snativespeechangeD.Socialbarriers5._________meansthatcertainauthorities,suchasthegovernmentchoose,aparticularageinterferenceBLanguagechangesCLanguageplanningD.Languagetransfer6._________inaperson’sspeechorwritingusuallyrangesonacontinuumfromcasualorcolloquialtoformalorpoliteaccordingtothetypeofcommunicativesituation.ARegionalvariationB.ChangesinemotionsC.VariationinconnotationsD.Stylisticvariation7.A____isavarietyoflanguagethatservesasamediumofcommunicationamonggroupsofpeoplefordiverselinguisticbackgrounds.A.linguafrancaB.registerCCreoleD.nationallanguage8.Although_______aresimplifiedlanguageswithreducedgrammaticalfeatures,theyarehumanlanguagesociolects9.Innormalsituations,____speakerstendtousemoreprestigiousformsthantheir____counterpartswiththesamesocialbackgroundA.female;maleB.male;femaleC.old;youngD.young;old10.Alinguistic_______referstoawordorexpressionthatisprohibitedbythe“polite”A.slangB.euphemismC.jargonD.tabooII.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(10%)11.Languageasameansofsocialcommunicationisahomogeneoussystemwitha12.Thegoalofsociolinguisticsistoexplorethenatureoflanguagevariationandlanguage13.Fromthesociolinguisticperspective,theterm“speechvariety”cannotbeusedtorefertostandardlanguage,vernacularlanguage,dialectorpidgin.14.Themostdistinguishablelinguisticfeatureofaregionaldialectisitsgrammarandusesofvocabulary.15.Aperson’ssocialbackgroundsdonotexertashapinginfluenceonhischoiceoflinguistic17.Alinguafrancacanonlybeusedwithinaparticularcountryforcommunicationamonggroupsofpeoplewithdifferentlinguisticbackgrounds.18.Apidginusuallyreflectstheinfluenceofthehigher,ordominant,languageinitslexiconhelowerlanguageintheirphonologyandoccasionallysyntaxdiglossiameanthesamething10/1811/18语言学题目有答案20.Theuseofeuphemismshastheeffectofremovingderogatoryovertonesandthe8.1~5BCAAC6~10DACADFTFFF6~20TFTFF9.胡壮麟《语言学教程》(修订版)测试题——第八章：语言的使用1.WhatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofAreferenceBspeechactC.practicalusageD.context2.Asentenceisa_________concept,andthemeaningofasentenceisoftenstudiedinisolation.A.pragmaticB.grammaticalC.mentalD.conceptual3.Ifwethinkofasentenceaswhatpeopleactuallyutterinthecourseofcommunication,itA.constativeB.directiveC.utteranceD.expressive4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?esA.inthelate50’softhe20thecenturyB.intheearly1950’sC.inthelate1960’sD.intheearly21stcentury6.__________istheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething;itistheceA.AlocutionaryactB.AnillocutionaryactC.AperlocutionaryactD.Aperformativeact7.AccordingtoSearle,theillocutionarypointoftherepresentativeis______.B.tocommitthespeakertosomething’sbeingthecasexistingstateofaffairs8.Alltheactsthatbelongtothesamecategorysharethesamepurpose,buttheydifferA.intheirillocutionaryactsB.intheirintentionsexpressedC.intheirstrengthorforceD.intheireffectbroughtaboutA.CooperativePrincipleB.PolitenessPrincipleC.TheGeneralPrincipleofUniversalGrammarD.AdjacencyPrincipleWhenanyofthemaximsunderthecooperativeprincipleisflouted,_______mightarise.A.impolitenessB.contradictionsC.mutualunderstandingD.conversationalimplicaturesII.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(10%)语言学题目有答案sthemeaningoflanguageassomethingintrinsicandinherent12.Itwouldbeimpossibletogiveanadequatedescriptionofmeaningifthecontextof13.Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofd14.Themajordifferencebetweenasentenceandanutteranceisthatasentenceisnotutteredwhileanutteranceis.18.SpeechacttheorywasoriginatedwiththeBritishphilosopherJohnSearle.19.Speechacttheorystartedinthelate50’softhe20thcentury.20.Austinmadethedistinctionbetweenaconstativeandaperformative.10.1~5DBCBA6~10CBCADFTTFF16~20FFFTT胡壮麟《语言学教程》(修订版)测试题——第十二章：现代语言学理论与流派1.Thepersonwhoisoftendescribedas“fatherofmodernlinguistics”is__________..A.FirthB.SaussureC.HallidayD.2.ThemostimportantcontributionofthePragueSchooltolinguisticsisthatitseesA.functionB.meaningC.signsD.3.TheprincipalrepresentativeofAmericandescriptivelinguisticsis__________.A.BoasB.SapirC.BloomfieldD.HarrisoftheNucleusoroftheMargininthestructure.ASlotB.ClassC.RoleD.A.TraditionalB.StructuralC.FunctionalD.6.__________GrammarstartedfromtheAmericanlinguistSydneyM.LambinthelateA.StratificationalB.CaseC.RelationalD.Montague7.InHalliday’sview,the__________functionisthefunctionthatthechildusestoknowabouthissurroundings.A.personalB.heuristicC.imaginativeD.informative8.Therhemeinthesentence“OnitstoodJane”is__________.A.OnitB.stoodC.OnitstoodD.Jane12/1813/18语言学题目有答案inpsychologyA.empiricismB.behaviorismC.relationalismD.mentalismA.threeB.fourC.fiveD.sixII.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(10%)11.FollowingSaussure’sdistinctionbetweenlangueandparole,Trubetzkoyarguedthatknownassystemiclinguisticsandfunctionallinguistics14.AccordingtoFirth,asystemisasetofmutuallyexclusiveoptionsthatcomeintoplayatsomepointinalinguisticstructure.15.AmericanStructuralismisabranchofdiachroniclinguisticsthatemergedindependentlyintheUnitedStatesatthebeginningofthetwentiethcentury.ricistandfocusesondiversitiesoflanguages18.Chomsky’sconceptoflinguisticperformanceissimilartoSaussure’sconceptofparole,whilehisuseoflinguisticcompetenceissomewhatdifferentfromSaussure’slangue.istictheoryanditsrelationtodescription.rsonalfunctionstheywouldssurehailedasthefatherofmodernlinguistics36.Whatisbehaviorism?Whatisbehaviorisminlinguistics?Whatistherelationshipismhaveanylimitations?Ifyes,whatarethey?VI.Analyzethefollowingsituation.(20%)37.Canyoumakeabriefintroductiontosomeimportantschoolsandtheirinfluentialesentativesinmodernlinguistics1~5BACAA6~10ABDCCFFTTF16~20FTTTFFSPItstandsforFunctionalSentencePerspectiveItisatheoryoflinguisticanalysiswhichreferstoananalysisofutterances(ortexts)intermsoftheinformationtheycontain.orisdominatedbyothers.LAD:LAD,thatisLanguageAcquisitionDevice,ispositedbyChomskyinthe1960sasadeviceeffectivelypresentinthemindsofchildrenbywhichagrammaroftheirnativeegrammardevelopedbyCJFillmoreinthelates2001乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说：“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外14/18语言学题目有答案天成的场所。”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽说：个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。”“钓鱼可分三的趣，面对一therestoftheneighborhoodwouldhavebeenThoreau’sideaofthelowlevels.Theactivedisciplineofheighteningone’ssideaofthehighWhathesavedfromthelowwastimeandefforthecouldspendonthehigh.Thoreaucertainlydisapprovedofstarvation,buthewouldputintofeedinghimselfonlyasmucheffortaswouldkeephimfunctioningformoreimportantefforts.difficulties.Shortoftheimpossible,asYeatsputit,thesatisfactionwegetfromalifetimedependsonhowhighwechooseourdifficultiesRobertFrostwasthinkinginsomethinglikeadvertisedversionofhappinessisinthefactthatitpurportstobeeffortless.Wedemanddifficultyeveninourgames.WedemanditbecausewithoutdifficultyingsomethinghardforthefunofitTherulesofthegameareanarbitraryimpositionofdifficulty.Whensomeoneruinsthefun,healwayspleasure,tochangethewhollyarbitraryroles,butthefunisinwinningwithintherules.Nodifficulty,nofun.QiaoYutooktofishinginhisoldage.Hesaid:“Wherethereisfishandwater,thereisgoodenvironment,andgoodenvironmentfillsone’sheartwithjoy(makesonefeeldelighted,rfishingisnotacomfortableman-madefish-pondwherehungryfishareready(provided)foryou,butanenchantingplaceinthewildwhereeverythingisnatural.”Fishing(Angling)isagamethatcanhelpimproveone’stemperament(character).Itisgoodformentalandbodilyhealth.QiaoYusaid:“Fishingfallsintothreestages.Thefirststageisjustforeatingfish.Thesecondstageishesecondstageisforenjoyingthirdstageismainlyforthepleasureofenjoys(takes)agoodrest,bothmentalandphysical.”参考译文15/18语言学题目有答案争暗斗而致拥有。他心目美。对于他从低层次上节省下来的时间和精力，他可将其致力于对高层次的追求。勿庸置疑，梭罗不赞成忍饥挨饿，但他在膳食方面所投入的精力仅果腹而已，只要可确保他能去从事更为重要的事务，他便别无所求。付出努力才是其本质所在，除非我们终生与困难为伴，否则就无幸福可谈。正如济慈所言，除去不可能做的事，我们一生获得的满足有多大，取决于我们选择的困难有多强。罗伯特福剂罗斯特谈到“苦中求乐”时，也有异曲同工之理。就通常宣传的幸福而言，其致命弱点在于声称不用付出努力即可获得幸福。我们甚