英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华

汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第二章AA*—・第三章第四章AA*-~r^VA第五章词法翻译的一般技巧名词的抽象和具体译法动词的翻译 数词和冠词的翻译 成语的英译 .4.911121317171920232527293032第七章修辞格的翻译笫八章文化词语的翻译 第九章汉英句子比较与翻译..第十章换序和转态译法 笫十一章断句合句译法 笫十二章长句的翻译 第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译第十五章风格与翻译 第十六章语用与翻译 第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、 结合语境选择较贴切的译文b2.a3.b4.a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1．aswarmofbeesabroodofchickensalitterofpupsabevyofbeautifulladiesapackofhoundsateamofducksaherdofantelopesunfailingsupportproactivefiscalpolicymakeeffectiveuseofoverseasresourcesmakeaphonecalltakeataxiknitawoolensweaterfetchwaterplaybasketballsprayinsecticidebasicwagecapitalconstructionessentialcommodityprimaryindustryfundamentalinterest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解ThetwoleadersexchangedviewsonbilateralrelationsandissuesofcommonconcernPartymembersshouldlistencarefullytotheopinionsofthegeneralpublic.Theyofferedsomesuggestionsfortherevisionoftheplan.Everyonecomplainedagainstsuchapractice.Theyhadadisputeatthemeeting.Youshouldfollowthedoctor'sadvice.Theyreachedaconsensusonthisissue.Thereisstillsomeunfinishedbusinesstosettle.Wehaveconsultedhimaboutthematter.Pleasegoback.Thereisnothingofyourconcernnow第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。Thatdependsuponcircumstances.Thisstateofaffairsmustbechanged.Howdomattersstandwiththem?HepresentsallhisbookstothelibraryAteachershoulddevotehimselftothecauseofeducation.Thecommitteeconsistsof15members.Airismadeupofamixtureofgases.Goinforrigoroustrainingandsetstrict3omand.二、翻译下列词组，注意词汇的搭配方式。1．setsailopenquotationthebeginningofspringgointooperation5．betakeninmakeprogressdistinguishedguestsbeonduty三、翻译下列各句，注意汉语中词汇的词义范围。Itrainedcatsanddogs(hard/heavily)threedaysonend(insuccession/running).Helikestalkingbig(talkinglarge/talkinghorse/talkingtall)/helikessayingbigwords(largewords).Theyaregivingtheclassroomagood(general/spring/through)clean(ing).Apersonlikehimisbynomeans(innoway/onnoaccount/never/notabsolutely)rare.Weshouldgoinforindustryinabigwayinaccordancewithyoursuggestion.Ifyoudoitlikethat,you'llbecompletely(gravely/seriously)mistaken(beabsolutelywrong/makeabigmistake/makeamajorblunder/commitaverygrosserror).第三节翻译中的多样性一、翻译下列句子，注意画线词的多样性译法。"Itsoundsasifthetwoofyouarealwaysofonemind,”SecondSisterchuckled,"Howwoulditbeifweweretobetrothyoutohim?"Throughclenchedteethheadded,..."Sheboremenogrudge,"repliedXifeng."ItwasBaoyuwhomadehergrindherteethwithragejustbeforeshedied."ButafterherinitialfrightXifengputonaboldface."Ifshe'sdead,"sheretorted,"What'sallthefussabout?"二、翻译下列句子，注意画线部分的成语。Themoreyouget,themoreyouwant.It'sonlynaturalformantohankerformore.Goodnessknowswhatthey'rebeingsosecretiveabout.She'sbeencreepinginherethelastcoupleofdaysinaverysneakyway.Goodnessknowswhatshe'supto.Whotoldyoutomakesuchafussovernothing?Anythingwilldo;don'tfuss.Ourgrandmaisill;don'tkickupsuchashindy.（口语：吵架。争吵，打架）Whenothersheardthistheycommented,“Wethoughtitwassomeonewhomatteredisn'tworthmakingsuchafussabout.”第二章词法翻译的一般技巧第一节对等译法一、翻译下面的句子，注意搭配产生的“假朋友”afaithfulChristian2.alovingparentanobedientchild4.avirtuouswifeadutifulhusband6.ahardworkingstudentstrongwind8.thickfog9heavyrain二、 翻译下列句子，注意不顾语境而产生的“假朋友”。Onlywhentheyfindmuchncommonandhopetokeepintouchlateron,willtheyoffertheircards.（注意不要把“投机”翻译成speculative）Anotherexample.ThereadingofChineseclassicsisamustforallChinese.Nevertheless,itwasnotuntilIwasover30thatIcametorealizetheimportanceofself-studyinthematterofclassics.Dearyoungfriends,myadvicetoyouis:Dophysicalexercisesperseveringly.Thathasnothingtodowithmerry-makingortime-wasting.Goodhealthisthewherewithalforasuccessfullifeandcareer.三、 用对等译法，翻译下列成语。fishintroubledwatersbeafterone'sownheartskinandbonestouchandgohitthenailontheheadbeheadandshouldersaboveothersturnadeafeartoburnone'sboatturnablindeyetolookforaneedleinabundleofhay四、 用对等译法，翻译下列谚语。Practicemakesperfect.Morehaste,lessspeed.Eastorwest,homeisbest.Allisfishthatcomestothenet.EverythingcomestohimwhowaitsThemoonisnotseenwhenthesunshinesLookbeforeyouleap.Thereisnosmokewithoutfire.第二节增词译法一、翻译下列句子，注意增补冠词Evenachildcananswerthisquestion.ThisistheheadofourdelegationHeputthepaperasideandturnedontheradio.TheChinesepeopleareindustriousandbrave.Wemusthavefaithinthemasses.ThecompasswasinventedinChinaThemoonmovesaroundtheearth.二、翻译下列句子，注意增补代词。Handinyourexercise-books,please.Ican'texpressmyselfinEnglish.Liberalismmanifestsitselfinvariousways.Don'toverworkyourself.Iwishtoavailmyselfofthisopportunitytoexpressourgratitudetoyou.三、翻译下列句子，注意增补动词。Theyareinhighspirits.Theybeamedwithjoy.Heisquickofeyeanddeftofhand.ThisarticleiseasytoreadandunderstandIstoodalooffromhim.四、翻译下列句子，注意增补介词。Thebookisverypopularamongyoungpeople.Sheinquiredaboutyourillness.Themountainisl,000feetabovethesealevel.Shutthedoorafter/whenyougoout.Dinnerwasatoneo'clock.Werejoiceateveryvictoryyouwin.五、翻译下列句子，注意增补连词。Promotephysicalcultureandbuildupthepeople'shealthMenandwomen,oldandyoung,alljoinedinthebattle.Weworkedneitherforfamenorforpersonalgain.Weshouldstrikewhiletheironishot.IshallstayhereuntilI'vecompletedmystudies.六、翻译下列句子或短语，从文化角度增补词语。YoumighthavethegeniusofLiBaiorDuFu,whowasagreatpoetintheTangDynasty andthemoralworthofYanHuiorZengShen—bothofthemweredisciplesofConfucius noonewouldaskyouradvice.toshowoffone'sproficiencywiththeaxbeforeLuBanthemastercarpenterJigong,RobinHoodinChina,robbedtherichandhelpedthepoor.letahundredflowersbloom,permittheairingofconflictingviewsblackchildren,whoareborninviolationofChina'sone-childpolicy第三节减词译法一、翻译下列句子注意省略原文的范畴词。Reformandopening-upreversedthestagnationofnationaleconomyHisrudenessshockedme.Hehasundertaken/takenupthetranslationofLuXun'sworks.Theexportisnotpermittedtoexceeditslimit.ThediscussioncoversSino-USrelations.Inthesummerof1969,theAdministrationpubliclyurgedaneasingoftensionswithChina.Hisarrogancemadeeveryonedislikehim.Nowbirthcontrolbecameapossibility.Chinaiscarryingoutnationwidepollutioncontrolandenvironmentalprotection.Duringthetalk,theirdiscussioncenteredaroundtheprotectionofintellectualpropertiesmotepeacefulreunificationOurimport-exportinthefirsthalfofthisyearhasgoneverywell.二、翻译下列句子，注意省略原文的重复成分。ThetwosidesheldthatSino-USrelationsshouldbeviewedinaglobalcontextandfromaperspectiveofthefutureandthe21stcenturyinparticular.Whenproblemsemerge,theycanbeeasilyputright.distance/length/size/heightIncreasetheawarenessaboutself-reliance,competition,efficiency,anddemocracyandtheruleoflaw,aswellasthepioneeringandinnovationspirit.Silence!Silence!Unlessweburstout,weshallperishinthissilence.Productiveforcesarethemostdynamicandthemostrevolutionaryfactorsaswellastheultimatedecisiveforceofsocialdevelopment.OurpartymustalwaysrepresentthedevelopmenttrendofChina'sadvancedproductiveforces;theorientationofChina'sadvancedculture,andthefundamentalinterestsoftheoverwhelmingmajorityofpeopleinChina.三、翻译下列句子，注意省略原文中多余的或空洞的词语。Iwenttheretohavealook.AllIremembernowisthattheguardsattheentrancewereSwisssoldiersinyellowuniforms.Weneedtoimportadvancedindustrialequipment.Pastexperiencesteachus・・・.Thatisafacade.Wemustadheretotheprincipleofplainlivingandhardstruggle.Wemustcarryforwardandpromotethespiritofpracticality,truth-seekingandcourageininnovation.Thisshatteredhisillusion.WedemandthatUSgovernmentapologizetoChinaforthisincident.EncouragebothChineseandoverseasinvestmentsinthecentralandwesternregions.第四节合并译法一、运用合并译法，翻译下列四字成语或词组。finewordsglibtongueexhaustedstumblingmoveforcesburnone'sboat二.合并译法,翻译下列句子。Wemusthavethisambition.Igotintomyoldragsandmysugar-hogsheadagain,andwasfreeandsatisfied.Eachofthefiveperformancesenjoyedafullhouse,withmanyspectatorshavingtostand.Heisdeterminedtoturnoveranewleaf.Heworkedhardathisstudieseveninearlychildhood.TheChineseonbothsidesoftheTaiwanStraitsareofthesamefleshandblood.Allthestaffuniteinabsolutesincerity.Beforeyoucame,Ididnothingbutidleanddriftintoanythingthatoffereditself.Hesoughtthedistractionofdistance.第五节转性译法一、翻译下列句子，注意汉语形容词和剐词的转译。Thereisnodifferenceintheirviews.Wefounddifficultyinsolvingthiscomplicatedproblem.ThedelegatesunanimouslyexpressedtheirdeterminationtoopposethenuclearweaponsHisnewbookisagreatsuccess.Helookedatmeinamazement.Thesunshinesovertheearth.Thenewsquicklyspreadthroughouttheworld.Hervoiceringsthroughthehouse.Thisareaisdenselypopulated.OurgovernmentshowsgreatconcernfortheChinesestudentsabroad.Theygivethisfamouswriterawarmwelcome.Sheactedasareluctanttouristguide.Shehasastrongdesiretoseehim.Iwillgiveanimmediatereply.Independentthinkingisanabsolutenecessityinstudy.三、翻译下列句子，注意其中名词的转译情况。Oxygenisoneoftheimportantelementsinthephysicalworld;itisveryactivechemically.Thiskindofbehaviorcharacterizesthecriminalmind.Theearthisshapedlikeabigball.Heaimstobeasuccessfulwriter.Thiscoffeetastesofchocolate.Allthestudentsshoulddevelopmorally,intellectuallyandphysically.ThemagnificentGreatHallofthePeopleimpressedustremendously.Wecanhouseyouifthehotelsarefull.Ignoranceandnegligencehascausedthismistake.Olivebranchsymbolizespeace.Weshouldrespecttheoldandlovetheyoung.第六节换形译法一、翻译下列句子，注意名词性替代。A:CanIhaveacupofblackcoffeewithsugar,p/ease?B:Givemethesame,please.Whentheclockstruckthree,Elizabethfeltthatshemustgo;andveryunwillinglyshesaidso.A:Wouldyoulikethisteapot?B:No,Iwantasquareone.4Thisrepresentedagreatshiftfromthecenturies-longhistoryofreclaimingfarmlandfromlakestorestoringittothemonalargescale.Thisisthekeyworkshopinourfactory.Herewehavecomparativelycompleteequipment.Cooling-faninstallations,heatingdevicesandcommunicationsfacilitiesarealsoequippedoverthosemachineries.三，翻译下面的句子，注意运用动词性替代。Idonotknowanymorethanyoudo.(do=know)Hedidnotoftengrumble,andwhenhedid,noonepaidmuchattentiontohim.(did=grumble)Heroseearly,ashehadalwaysdone.(had...done=had...risenearly)Althoughmostofthepeoplebowedtohim,theyspatintothedirtastheydidso.Peterisjoiningourgroup.I'mnotsurewhetherDavidwilldosoornot.IpromisedtogetaticketforhimandIwilldoso.TheysaythatthePrimeMinsterwillsoondissolveParliamentandcallfornewelections.Idoubtverymuchifhewilldoso!Areyoubusythisafternoon?Ifnot,1hopeyouwouldstaywithmeforawhile.笫七节褒贬译法一、 给出下列词语的褒义词、贬义词和中性词形式。褒义词中性词贬义词人群gathering /assemblycrowdmob肥胖的portlyoverweighttubby苗条的slim/slender/slimunderweight/thin/fleshyskinny/gaunt/lanky朋友comradefriendcrony作家manofletterswriterwordmonger坚持perseverecontinuepersist二、将下列句子译成英语，注意画线词语的褒贬。HeisalwayshankeringafterpersonalfameandgainsSheisfondoffigureskating.Heisinthefurtrade.Youarepeddlingnationalnihilism.Hecollaboratedwiththeinvadersandbetrayedhismotherland.Weshouldenhanceourmutualcooperation.Heisdeeplyengrossedinmedicalresearch.Thatchapisinfatuatedwithfameandfortune.ItshallbestrictlyprohibitedthatmoreforestsandpasturesbeturnedontofarmlandChina'seconomyisamajorquestion.Thestubbornboyrefusedtolistentohisparent'sadvice.Heaccomplishedtheworkwithstubborneffort.第三章名词的抽象和具体译法第一节名词的抽象译法一、翻译下列词语。cleanhandssixofoneandhalfadozenoftheotheradropintheoceancastleintheairfar-sightednessagentleman'sagreementraincatsanddogsaspoorasachurchmousetouchstonebuttersb.Up二、翻译下列句子，注意画线部分名词的抽象译法。Withhistardiness,carelessnessandappallinggoodhumor,weweresorelyperplexed.Nonewsisgoodnews.Theiroptimismmovedusgreatly.Atpresent,thebusinessinourcompanyisturningforthebetter.TheirenthusiasmisbeingconstantlyheightenedbyChina'ssocialistindustrializationanditsachievement.Nowbirthcontrolhasbecomeapossibility.TheyadmittedthegreatnessofMiltonasapoet,butdeniedhisgoodnessasaman.Iamsorryfortherudenessofhisbehaviortowardyou.Weshoulddaretocombatindisciplineandinefficiency.Duringthetalks,theirdiscussionhasbeencenteredonprotectionofintellectualpropertyrights.笫二节名词的具体译法一、运用具体译法翻译下列词语和句子。1．astallasMaypoleapieceofcakeacapitalknifeandforkbreadandbutter5．breadandcheeseTheproofofthepuddingisintheeatingHewasbornwithasilverspooninhismouth.二、翻译下列词语或句子，注意象声词的具体译法。theclicker-clackoftheleathershoestheclangorofthegongthetick-tackofthewatchtherumbling(rolling)ofthethunderthesqueakingoftheradiothethumpingofthebustheclatterofmahjongthejingleofthedoorbellThebird-songandthebabblingofthestreamsdancedlightlyinthespringbreeze.Allwasquietinandoutofthehouseexceptforsomepeoplesnoring,thehorseschewingmash,andthegeesecacklingatintervals.第四章动词的翻译第一节动态动词的静态译法翻译下列句子，注意汉语句子中动态动词的灵活转换。Iwouldverymuchappreciateitifyoucouldtakeoursuggestionintoconsideration.Onecanneverbetoocarefulinthechoiceofone'sfriends.Butaftermuchhesitation,hefinallydecidedtoseemeoffhimself.Iamanxiousaboutherhealth.Itookmychildtothestreetforawalk.Theykeptonfightinginspiteofalldifficultiesandsetbacks.Weareallinfavorofhissuggestion.Althoughthereportisverylong,itisbesidethepointandbeyondmycomprehension.Pleaseletmethrough.Thewindblewthecandleout.Atthethoughtofthedisasterhislegsstiffenedunderhimandhecouldn'tmoveastepfurtherWeknowthatthemasteryofaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Ihavebeenwaitinghereinobediencetoyourorder.Whataretheyafter?Theyareafterfame,afterpositionandtheywanttocutsmartfigures.Outofposition,outofadministration.Hewenttotheshopforabottleofsauce.Herbeautyisbeyondword.Abridgehasbeenunderconstruction,whichwillspantheHangzhouBay.第二节静态动词的动态译法翻译下列汉语句子，注意动态译法的运用。Thesetapesarenolongerusable,sotheyarecompletelydisposableWearehappywithherselectionasMissAsia.Iamafraidyoursuggestionisnotworkableatall.Iamagingandforgetfulnow.Sheisveryhesitantaboutwhethertorevealthetruthtothepublic.Iamreallyveryregretfulnow.Ishouldn'thavebeensorudetoher.Heisverysorryforhispast,andhehasundertakentogiveupmotorcarsentirely.Theartsandcraftstherearecompleteinrange,reasonableinpriceandreliableinquality.Sheistolerantofmymistake,whichdeeplymovesme.Theknockonthedoormademewideawake.第五章数词和冠词的翻译第一节数词的翻译一、翻译下列句子或词语，采用数字的直译法。onecentraltaskandtwobasicpointsthefourcardinalprinciplestheFivePrinciplesofPeacefulCoexistenceBothofthemhavetenapplesAbirdinthehandisbetterthanahundredinthewood.二、翻译下列句子，采用数词的意译法。IhavestudiedhumannatureandIknowathingortwo.Youshouldnothavesaidanythingaboutthematter.Shetalksshopallthetime.Youmustseizethisopportunity.Itisachanceoflifetime.Don'tbewavering.Gorightahead.bigandtalldosomethingregardlessoftheconsequencesrestlessaveryuglypersononcloudnine三、翻译下列句子,注意其中数字的灵活处理。Seeingisbelieving.sixofoneandhalfadozenoftheotheratsixesandsevensthousandsuponthousandsofItookthenewswithagrainofsalt.adropinthebucketNewbroomssweepclean.Onetouchofnaturemakesthewholeworldakin.Ittakestwotomakeaquarrel.toputallone'seggsinonebuckettohangbyathreadAfool'sboltmaysometimeshitthemark.Overshoes,overboots.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.Ahundredyearscannotrepairamoment'slossofhonor.第二节活用英语冠词一、翻译下列句子，注意不定冠词的使用。WefindourfoldingtableagreatconvenienceAwatchdogisasecurityagainstburglars.Davidisafailureasacoach.Hisskillatgamesmadehimanadmirationofhisfriends.Photographyisanart.Hewasfamedasawit,buthehadnowitnow.Yousawhardlyasoulbetweenthevillages.Hebecamealegendinhisowntime.ThisarticlewasananalysisofvariousformsofgovernmentsknowntomenIhaveanesteemforhim.Themajorhadasincerelikingandregardforhissister-in-law.二、翻译下列句子，注意定冠词的使用。1．Theupsanddownsofhislifemadehimpropout.Thesongispleasanttotheear.He幻okthechairatlastmeeting.4.IIalwaysfeeltheinjusticetowardswomen.Didhehavethecheektoaskformoremoney?Shemadethepoetryofmotion.Thelionisthekingofanimals.Beingontheoutswithaclassmateisveryupsetting.Underthecircumstancesthepeoplewereofamindoncemore.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.三、翻译下列句子，注意零冠词的使用。Heiscoveredwithsnowfromheadtofoot.Milkismadeintobutterandcheese.Knowledgeisalwaysexpanding.Plantsmadefoodintheirleavesusingsunlight,waterandcarbondioxide.5.Ihadbreadandbutterforbreakfast.第六章成语的英译第一节汉语成语英译一、试用直译法翻译下列汉语成语。shoutintheeastandstrikeinthewestbeengravedonone'sheartandbonesbelikeadogcountingonitsmaster'sbackingsummonwindandrainbehoney-mouthedanddagger-heartedfailtomendone'swaysafterrepeatedadmonitionfeeljustlikeafishinwatereverybushandtreelookslikeanenemybepurelikejadeandclearlikeicecallastagahorse二、试用意译法翻译下列汉语成语。beverymodestandextremelyopen-mindedwithmightredoubledbecoldinmannerheatedverbalexchangeordebatebehopelesslikearatinaholeillusoryjoy;fonddreamkeepquietoutoffearthetwohadbeenengagedtoeachotherbeforetheywerebornextremelysuspiciousleaveone'snativeplaceagainstone'swill三、试用对等译法翻译下列汉语成语。1．sailwiththewind2birdsofafeatheratsixesandsevenshittheceilingneitherfish,fleshnorfowlattheendofone'sropemakeone'shairstandonendputthecartbeforethehorsedancetoanothertunepaintthelily四、试把下面历史故事类成语译咸英语。returnsomethingtoitsowneringoodconditionrepeatedlyrequestsomebodytotakeuparesponsiblepostofferahumbleapologybeanarmchairstrategistdeliberatelymisrepresentbeexceedinglybeautifulablementieddowntoaroutinepostaddthetouchthatbringsaworkofarttolifeoverwhelmingpopularityofanewbookwithbitterincisiveness五、试把下面寓言故事类成语译咸英语。pullupthericeshootswiththeintentionofhelpingthemtogrowlockthestabledoorafterthehorsehasboltedlookattheskyfromthebottomofawellplugone'searswhilestealingabellkillthechickentofrightenthemonkeybullypeoplebyflauntingone'spowerfulconnectionsbestubbornlyunimaginativeprofessedloveofwhatoneactuallyfearstrusttochanceandwindfallsfeedonillusions第二节翻译中英语成语的使用试用英语成语来翻译以下的汉语词组。1．selllikehotcakes2．cutcorners3．beborninthepurple4．sellsb.downtheriver5．poortool6．thinkonone'sfeet7．getoffone'shighhorse;pocketone'sdignity8．breatheagain;breatheeasily9．withone'sheartinone'smouth/boots10．(as)fitasafiddle;inthepink(ofcondition)11．muchcryandlittlewool12．bedownandout;downatheels;comedownintheworld13．putoneselfinsb.'sshoes14．kicksb.Downstairs15．takethewindoutofsb.'ssails16．havenousefor17．readbetweenthelines18．goforwoolandcomehomeshorn19．throw/flingoneselfinto20．talkbig21．shift/changeone'sground;turnone'scoat22．mendone'sways;turnoveranewleaf23．withthetongueinthecheek24．putthelidon25．standonceremony26．zerohour27．haveone'snoseinabook28．sendsb.packing;showsb.thedoor29．turnthetide30．makeheadortailof;tobuttondown笫三节汉语谚语的翻译一、试把下列汉语谚语翻译成英语。Onetreedoesnotmakeaforest.2Obedienceisbetterthanpoliteness.Itisbettertoseeoncethantohearahundredtimes.Whymakeunnecessarilygreateffortstodotrivialthingsasusingabutcher'sox-cleavertokillachicken?Eventhewisearenotalwaysfreefromerror.Hewhoisnotinaparticularofficehasnothingtodowithplansforadministrationofitsduties.7.Aminimalerrorordeviationresultsinwidedivergence.Asvirtuerisesonefoot,vicerisesten.Ajustcauseenjoysabundantsupport.Anartisanmustfirstsharpenhistoolsifheistodohisworkwell.二、试用英语谚语套译下列汉语谚语。Timeandtidewaitsfornoman.Theleastsaid,thesoonestmended.Constantdroppingwearsawayastone.Whenthecatisaway,themicewillplay.Hethatliveswithcrippleslearnstolimp.ThemillsofGodgrindslowlybutsure.Awordspokenispastrecalling.Constantdroppingwearsawayastone.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Theymusthungerinfrostthatwillnotworkinheat第四节汉语惯用语的翻译一、试把下列汉语惯用语翻译成英语overcharge;fleece;soaklatchontotherichandpowerfulgetridofthewholelotworkhandinglovewith5．putonrivalshow二、试把下列汉语惯用语用英语成语来套译。1．givethegreenlightpourcoldwateronsingadifferenttunerackone'sbrainstouchstone笫五节汉语歇后语的翻译一、试把下列汉语歇后语用直译法翻译成英语。haveanightmareatmidnight-haveafalsealarmlikeamothflyingtowardsthefire-lookforself-destructionlikeadogtryingtocatcharat-beverynosylikeadeafman'sears-pureuselessdecorationslikeagrasshopperfightingagainstarooster-dothingsbeyondone'sabilities二、试把下列汉语歇后语用意译法翻译成英语。beuselessbeafoolbecarefulbeabsolutelylawlessdothingsaccordingtotheroutine第六节粗俗语的解释试把下列汉语粗俗语翻译成英语1．Youmakemesick!Getlost.3．Youpissmeoff．It'snoneorfbuysoiuness.5．Youstupidjerk!Youareoutofyourmind7．Dropdead.Don'tgivemeyourshit!9．Whatastupididiot!You'resuchabitch!.第七章修辞格的翻译第一节可以直译的修辞格试用直译法翻译下列句子。Theyellowybrownleafislikeaboatcarryingdreams.Sparemomentsarethegolddustoftime.Theblushingrosenoddedtoher,asshepassed.Iwasscaredtodeathwhenlisteningtothatghoststory.Hehasmanymouthstofeedinhisfamily.Accordingtosomesources,financiersarekeepingacooleyeonthesuperconductorindustry.AfterthreedaysinJapan,thespinalcolumnbecomesextraordinarilyflexible.Oursilkblousesaremadeofpuresilkofbestquality.Theyaremoderateinprice,excellentincraftsmanshipanduniqueindesigns."Whendidhesaythis?""Attheplayground.Andwalkinghome.Yesterday."Hisdaughterisratherweakinthehead.IwillfeelbetterifyoufeltthepainIfeel.ButwhoeverfeltasIdid?Ourheroicfightersstormedtheenemy'sstronghold.Childhoodislikeaswiftlypassingdream.Herbeautyisbeyondcomparison.Idonothavetoworryaboutthefuelandrice.Brutalplancutsoffresearchersintheirrime.Itenjoysatemperateclimatewithwell-markedseasonsandhasplentyofrainfallandsunshinefavorableforgrowingcrops.笫二节意译为主的修辞格试用意译的翻译方法，翻译下列句子。Grandmacouldalwaysseeafewbeesbuzzinginandoutaroundtheopeninghighinthetree.2．Iamhungry-mystomach'srumbling.Theflowersshedtearsforthetroubledtimes,andthebirdsseemstartledasifwiththeanguishofseparation.Hegavehislife;lifewasallhecouldgive.Twooriolessitinthegreenwillowssinging;Seeegretsinflighttotheblueskyarewing!"OnlyIfeelbadwhenweloseeveryfight."Allofhispurchasesofrecentyearshadtobeliquidatedatagreatsacrificebothtohishealthandhispocketbook.Beijingistheheartofourcountryinpolitics,economyandculture.WhattheyneednowisalargequantityofZ-iron.Xiaomingisdeterminedtostudyhard,forthesakeofhisteacheraswellasforhisown.Carryingapackageinhisrighthand,heledalonginhislefthanda7-year-oldchild,whotookhisbrother(9-year-old),andwhoagaintookhismotherbyhand.Iusedtoorganizemyfather'stools,mymother'skitchenutensils,andmysister'sboyfriend.Weshouldlistenwithopenearstothesoundofwindandrainandthereadingvoiceaswell;wemustnotonlyconcernourselveswithpersonalaffairsbuttheaffairofthestateandtheworld.第三节无法翻译的修辞格翻译下列句子。LaterMr.ChaBuduoservedasanassistantatamoneyshop.Hecouldwriteandcalculateallright,buthismathematicswasoftenfaulty.HewouldmistaketheChinesecharacter+(meaning10)for千(meaningl,000)orviceverse.Theshopownerwasinfuriatedandoftentookhimtotask.Buthewouldonlyexplainapologeticallywithagrin,"Thecharacter千differsfrom十inmerelyhavingoneadditionalshortstroke.Aren'ttheyaboutthesame?"TheSpringFestival,theChineseLunarNewYear,iscelebratedaccordingtothelunarcalendar,andgenerallyoccurssometimeinthefirsthalfofFebruary.Customarily,lavishlyconsumingfoodanddrinkisamajoractivity.Inadditiontothepopularseafood,poultryandmeat,regionalconsumptionoftraditionalfavorites,forexample,jiaozi(boileddumplings)inBeijing,babaofan(asteamedsweetglutinousricepudding)inShanghai,andthesoupofsmallrice-balls(cookedwithporkandchicken)inGuangzhou.ThroughoutChinaniangao(literallymeaningthe"yearcake",athicksteamedpuddingofglutinousriceflour)ismadeinagreatvarietyofshapesandflavors.Thecharacter"gao"inthewordniangaoishomonymouswiththeword"tall",suggesting"growingupandprospering"inthenewyear.ThewordcrisisinChineseisonewithtwocharacters,weiandji,meaningrespectivelydangerandopportunity.Thus,weijientailsopportunities.Mypositioninthecompanydoesn'tpermitmetomakeadecisionindividually.MyappearanceistoomuchofChinese.笫八章文化词语的翻译第一节文化色彩的再现一、翻译下列词语，注意汉英文化形象的不同。theironrice-bowlhalftheskyinstantrichpapertigerwashone'shandsoutofathingcontactlensespop-top;pull-tophonorrollmonoplyhighseason/lowlesson二、用本节所讲的翻译技巧，翻译下列句子。Theyarepackedlikeatinofsardines.Welookedathisfaceandwerealizedathunderstormwasabouttocome.Whatadullspeech!Heismerelyparrotingwhatmanyothershavesaid.WhenJoangraduatedfromhighschool,shelookedattheworldthroughrose-coloredglassesSamisabeanpole,tallandthin.Ilookdownuponhim,forheissuchanapplepolisher.第二节文化色彩的转变一、用转换形象法，翻译下列成语或词语。tomeetone'sWaterlooWatergatescandal3．LameduckOneboyisaboy,twoboyshalfaboy,threeboysnoboy.Killthegoosetogettheeggs.Alivedogisbetterthanadeadlion.二、用本节所讲的翻译技巧翻译下列句子。Anewbr