新人教版选修八-Unit-5-Meeting-your-ancestors-Grammar

Unit5MeetingyourancestorsGrammar

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ThePresentPerfectTense

现在完成时:基本用法现在完成时表结果,他的动作发生在过去,但是对现在有影响,而这种影响却往往是说话人的兴趣所在。现在完成时跨越两个时间,一个是过去,另一个是现在。Leadin.e.g.我从1975年起就学英语。

IhavestudiedEnglishsince1975.

自12世纪以来,中国就使用彩色印刷了。

TheyhavedonecolorprintinginChinasincethe12thcentury..

PresentPerfectContinuousTense

现在完成进行时:基本用法1)强调时间的持续性。如：电话响了差不多一分钟,为什么没人接?Thetelephonehasbeenringingforalmostaminute.Whydoesn’tsomeoneanswerit?.

2)表重复。叙述从过去某时到现在或最近已在重复的动作。如：

最近天气变化无常,我时常感冒。Theweatherhasbeenchangeablelately;I’vebeenhavingalotofcolds.3)有感情色彩。如：

今天真是一个多事之日。Toomuchhasbeenhappeningtoday..现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较:A.未完结性

I’vecleanedthewindows.

我把窗户擦干净了。

I’vebeencleaningthewindows.

我擦窗户来着。(可能窗户尚未擦完).B.短暂性现在完成时与现在完成进行时都可以表示延续至今的状态,但完成进行是常表示短暂性。A.TheyhavelivedinNewYork.B.TheyhavebeenlivinginNewYork.

句A具有长期性,而句B具有短暂性。.C.刚完结性与现在完成时相比,现在完成进行时有时可以表示刚刚完结的动作。有时它是现在事件的直接原因,或者是得出结论的证据。如:

我的手很脏,我在油汽车来着。Myhandsaredirty.I’vebeenpaintingthecar.

你的眼睛又红又肿,你是不是哭来着？Youreyesareredandpuffy.Haveyoubeencrying?.D.连续性或重复性现在完成进行时常常用于表示延续至今的连续性或重复性动作。如：

JimhavebeenphoningJennyeverynightfortheseveralmonth.Allthesedayshehasbeenwritingarticlestoourmagazine..结论:现在完成进行时主要用于表示A.过去开始而且现在仍在进行的动作。B.过去开始,现在刚刚停止的动作。C.现在看到其直接结果的动作。现在完成时主要用于表示已经完成的动作及其与现在的关系。.1,叙述某一动作从过去开始一直继续到现在仍在继续之中或刚刚停止。经常与for,since,recently,allmorning/day/week,howlong,allthetime用在一起。1)Youhavebeenstudyingforfourstraighthours.Whydon’tyoutakeabreak?2)Thetelephonehasbeenringingforalmostaminute.Whydoesn’tsomeoneanswerit?.2,叙述从过去某时开始一直继续到现在，但不再继续下去的事情。－－带有浓厚的感情色彩，强调持续了“那么久”或做得“那么辛苦”1)Oh,youhavecomeatlast!Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwolonghours.(我等了你足足两个小时)2)Youarehere!Ihavebeenlookingforyoulong.（我找了你老半天）.3,叙述“最近”一直从事的工作或活动。－－lately,recentlyWhat’sthematter?Youreyesareredandpuffy.Haveyoubeencrying?(你是不是一直在哭？).4,叙述从过去某时到现在，或最近，一再重复的动作。Ihavebeenknocking.Idon’tthinkanybody’sin.(我一直在敲门。我想没人在里面。)Ihavebeenwritingletterssincebreakfast.(我从早餐起就一直在写信).May200:10Myyoungerbrother

thenet.(access)hasbeenaccessing.Thebaby

for1hour.(sleep)nowhasbeensleeping.They

basketballalltheday.(play)Nowhavebeenplaying.Now

Theboy_______________abook

foralmost4hours.(read)hasbeenreading.He________________withhisgirlfriend.(talk)nowhasbeentalking.

Thetelephone_______________foralmostaminute.(ring)Thesoundhascontinuedaboutoneminute.Thetelephoneisringing.hasbeenringing.2008-5-201:002008-5-2011:00Theyoungboy__________________TV.(watch)nowTVhasbeenwatching.08-5-19Thetworobotssincetheyhavebeenmade.(dancesing)havebeendancing

andsinging.inthemorningIdon,tknowwhythe_______________pig.(run)

nowrunhasbeenrunning.They______________gamesintheschool.(play)nowPlaygameshasbeenplaying.

Oh,youhavecomeatlast!I

__________________youfortwolonghours.(wait)(我等了你足足两个小时)13:0015:00I,msorry!havebeenwaitingfor.You________________.(你一直在哭.)(cry)havebeencrying.

Youarehere!I__________________youlong.(look)（我找了你老半天）havebeenlooking

for

.Consolidation1.——Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.

——I'mtired.I___inthelivingroomallday.A.paintedB.hadpainted

C.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted.2.—Thereissomuchsnowthesedays,isn'tthere?—Yes,it____forafewdays.A.wassnowingB.hasbeensnowingC.hadbeensnowingD.snowed.3.Althoughthesescientists____ontheprojectfornearlyfouryears,Idon'tknowhowlongitwilllast.A.havebeenworkingB.hadworkedC.wereworkingD.areworking.4.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy____goingbacktoschool,butshehasn'tdecidedyet.A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider.5.Thelittleboyisdirtyfromheadtofootbecausehe___inthemudallmorning.A.hasplayedB.isplayingC.hasbeenplayingD.wasplaying.6.Sinccethebeginningofthevocation,I___acrossthecountry,andmynextstopistheWuyiMountain.A.hastraveledB.willtravelC.havebeentravelingD.wastraneling.1.A:---IamsorryI_________(keep)youwaitingsolong.B:---Itisallright.I________________(read)thenewspapers.2.TheCCTV____________________(broadcast)Englishprogrammerseversince1977.用现在完成时和完成进行填空:havekepthavebeenreadinghasbeenbroadcasting.3.You_______(feel)betterwhenyou__________(take)themedicine.4.Shesaidwe__________(maykeep)thebook