高三英语第一轮复习改错题分析讲解

短文改错Proof-readingHowtomakeprogress

inproof-reading

主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：NMET2000：Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.＿＿＿＿NMET’2003：Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.＿＿＿＿Ofcourse,whenmymotherwasasked,“Haveyou…〞______are____————一、动词形readwas

指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：NMET2001：…sothatI’llgetgoodmarks

inallmysubject.＿＿＿＿NMET2003:Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome._____

subjectswords二、名词数常考的错误形式有：连词but，and，or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：NMET2000：Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme．＿＿＿NMET2001：Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.＿＿NMET2001：Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.＿＿andorthe三、冠词连词常光顾短文改错对冠词的考查主要涉及冠词的误加和漏用，有时也考查不定冠词与定冠词以及零冠词的用法区别(包括a与an的区别)。其中，涉及最多的是，当一个单数可数名词表示泛指时，其前漏用不定冠词；另外，冠词在一些习语中的用法也是一个重要考点Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.(2)Idecidedtoclimbthetreetoseewherewewere.(3)Somepeoplereadthebooksorwatchtelevisionwhileothershavesports.(4)Goodhealthisperson’smostvaluablepossession.anaa注意形容词和副词以及比较级和最高级的用法在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。例如：NMET2004:Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly._______NMET2005:Heaskedangryifwehadfinishedthework.______

quietangrily四、还要注意形和副NMET2001：Myparentsloveme…andwilldoalltheycanmakesure…＿＿＿＿NMET2002:

Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories._______NMET2003:SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish.________这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。〔注意省略，作宾语，宾补，定语，状语，表语〕例如：

tovisitedtalking五、非谓语，细领悟主要考查习惯搭配方面的根底知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。主要考察and，but,either...or,neither....nor,notonly....butalso,noneof,eachof,aswellas,等的固定搭配和主谓一致。：NMET2000:Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacher._______NMET2003:Myteacheradvisedmetokeepdiary.______aa六、习惯用法要记住Mordernpeopleknow,havebetterfood,andtoliveincleanerserroundings.SheaswellasIlikeEnglish.Shedoes'tlikeEnglish,too.EitheryounorIwillbepunished.不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。主要考定语从句引导词〔that，which，who，whose，where，when，why〕，表语从句，宾语从句，主语从句，同位语从句及状语从句引导词。〕例如：NMET2004:Idon’tknowthattheydon’t

liketotalkwithme.________NMET1997：IliveinBeijing，whereisthe

capitalofChina._________

whywhich七、句子成分多分析

NMET1995:TheGreensdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.______NMET1998:Hedrovetoofast,andthepolicestoppedher.____their八、逻辑错误须关注主要考指代是否一致〔代词的单复数，格，人称代词的主格，宾格，反身代词，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词和指示代词〕与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，是这类错误的考查对象。him动词形，名词数还要注意形和副非谓语，细领悟习惯用法要记住Summary冠词连词常光临句子成分多分析逻辑错误需关注AtChristmasEve,Jimwentwithhis1._____fathertochooseaChristmastree.Theychoose2._____abigone.Itwasalmostastallerastheroom!3._____Theyputtheminthecornerofthesitting4._________On_________chose_______tall_______it动词形介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住还要注意形和副逻辑关系须关注room.Katewascovereditwithalotof5._____Christmaslight.Thesittingroomlooked6.____reallybeautifullyatthemoment.Therewas7.________afireburninginthefireplace,buttheChristmas8.____treelightswereshinningbrightly.Jimandhis9.____parentssinginganddancinghappily.10.____＼was＼_______lights_____________beautiful____and√∧were动词形还要注意形和副动词形名词数冠词连词常光临二、规律常见错误常见错误(1)：“不一致性〞错误主要包括：主、谓语不一致；时态不一致；语态不一致；名词的单、复数不一致；代词指代不一致；搭配不一致等。例1[2012•辽宁卷]Thankyouforthelovelydaywehavewithyou.Itwassokindfor(of)youtoletusbringAnne'sfriend,Gina.[解析]考查时态一致。have改为had。原文的主时态是过去时，因此have也要用相应的过去时态。

第五模块

│应试点睛常见错误(2)：“行文逻辑〞错误这种错误主要是运用行文逻辑考查连接手段。谨记两种句式：并列句(并列连词)，复合句(附属连词);六种关系：转折关系，选择关系，层递关系，并列关系，因果关系，同位关系；一种变化：语义的曲折变化。如：肯定与否认，方位与时空的转移等。例4[2012•四川卷]Mom,thoughImayoftensayit,Idoloveyou.Nobodycantakeyourpartinmyheart.[解析]考查行文逻辑。may后加not。根据前后语境，此处要表达的意思是“妈妈，虽然我可能没有经常说，但我确实很爱你。〞

第五模块

│应试点睛

例5[2012•全国卷Ⅱ]Ithink,weshouldfirstgoallouttoplanttreesthoughtreeswillhelpsavewater.

[解析]考查行文逻辑。though改为because/since/as。根据前后语境，此处应表示因果关系而非让步转折关系。例6[2012•辽宁卷]Intheend,wedrovetoaservicestationandwaitedthereunlesstheroadwasclear.

[解析]考查行文逻辑。unless改为until/till。根据前后语境可知。第五模块

│应试点睛常见错误(4)：“词性、词形〞错误主要包括名词的单复数变化、代词的词形变化以及形容词和副词的词形变化。要弄清词性与词性之间的相互修饰关系，比方：形容词修饰名词，副词修饰形容词、动词、分词等。例10[2012•重庆卷]WheneverIthinkoftheolddays,Ifeelveryhappily.[解析]考查“词性〞错误。happily改为happy,此处是形容词作表语。例11Andaftermanyattempts,shepassherdrivingtestandtoldherhusbandthat…第五模块

│应试点睛[解析]考查“词形〞错误。past改为passed。两个词发音上一样，此处作谓语应用passed。例12“…butIstillcouldn'tgetusedtoit—infact,I'venearlykilledthreepeoples.〞[解析]考查“词形〞错误。peoples改为people。people是集合名词，本身表示复数意义，不需加“s〞。常见错误(5)：“动词的变化〞错误主要包括时态的词形变化、被动语态的词形变化、非谓语动词的词形变化以及第三人称单数等。

第五模块

│应试点睛例13[2012•全国卷Ⅱ]Third,weshouldfindwaystoreusethewaterusinginwashing,especiallybathwater…[解析]考查非谓语动词。using改为used，此处语意表达“用过的水〞，故用过去分词作定语。例14Inotice(d)Motherlookingatanearbytableoccupybyanelderlywoman.[解析]考查非谓语动词。occupy改为occupied。此处是分词短语作后置定语，occupy与table是被动关系，故应用过去分词。第五模块

│应试点睛7.Unnecessaryword(多词)：〔1〕抽象名词物质名词泛指前多加冠词。〔2〕定语从句中多了与关系代词相当的代词或名词。〔3〕形容词或副词的比较结构中多词。〔4〕受母语影响及物动词后加了不该加的词。〔5〕不带to的不定式作宾补时带了to〔6〕某些时间状语丛句多了介词。〔7〕固定搭配有画蛇添足的现象。例18[2012•全国卷Ⅰ]Tobeginwith,allofuscanstartreducingtotheuseofoilbydrivingonly…

[解析]考查介词多余。去掉to。reduce是及物动词，其后无需搭配介词。例19[2012•全国卷Ⅱ]…especiallybathwaterforwhichisquitealot,andthatwillsavemuchwater.

[解析]考查介词多余。去掉for。which此处用作主语，因此for为多余成分。第五模块

│应试点睛常见错误(8)：“缺词〞错误缺词现象常见有：1)缺系动词；2)缺介词；3)缺冠词、物主代词等限定词；4)在定语从句中缺关系代词或关系副词；5)缺连接词；6)缺否认词；7)缺不定式符号to等。例20[2012•全国卷Ⅱ]I'mwritingtotellyouopinionaboutwatersaving.[解析]考查代词的缺失。opinion前加my。根据句意前后的代词指代要一致，前文主语是I，所以后半句表达的意思就应该是“我的〞意见。

第五模块

│应试点睛1.Errorword(错词)：〔1〕名词，动词，形容词和副词的形态错误。〔2〕冠词，介词，代词，连词和动词等用法上的错误。〔3〕逻辑关系方面的错误。〔4〕句子结构的错误。注意解题标准严格按照示范规定的符号改错，在原文错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个词。“—〞、“∧〞、“\〞、分别代表错词纠正、缺词填补、多词删除，切忌用文字说明或用箭头表示。错误类型：多词，缺词，错词Whichonewouldyouliketochoose?(1)(2)(3)(4)多词1.Greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinourhometown.2.Myfirstonejobwastocleanthetablesinasmallrestaurant.3.HehasmadeagreatprogressinhisEnglishstudy.4.Nowletmetointroduceourschooltoyou.5.Agreatmanyofstudentslikesinging.6.Hemarriedwithabeautifulgirl.缺词OurflighttoPariswasdelayedbecausetheheavyfog.2.Thepressconferenceisbeheldtomorrow.3.I’llunabletocontrolmyselfandforgetallaboutmystudy.4.Hisdaughterplayspianoverywell.∧of∧to∧be∧theYouarelucky5.Ifoundstrangethatshehadnotcomeyet.∧∧6.TheyeagertoknoweverythingaboutChina.areitIlovecamping.It’smyfavoritewaytospentthesummervacation.Lastyear,myfamilyandIwentcampinginthecountryside.ItwasoneofthemostexcitedexperiencesIhadneverhad.Wesleptinatentandwentonalongwalkeveryday.Wecookoverafireandthefoodalwaystastedwonderfully.Forawholeweek,Isawlovelymountainviewsorbreathedfreshair.AtnightIheardthegentlewindblowinginthetree,andIfeltsopeaceful.Itdoesn’tcostmanytocamp,andwhatIbelieveit’sthebestwaytogetclosenatureandenjoyitsbeauty.

∧spendexcitingevercookedwonderfulandtreesmuchtoMoredifficult1.Theydon’twantmetodoanyworkatfamily.2.Forthemostpart,studentsworkingtoearnmoneyfortheirownuse.3.Hecollectedsomeinformationsaboutcomputers.4.Earningtheirmoneyallowthemtospend…

Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwespenttogether.HeaswellashissisterareaLeagueMember.homeworkinformationwhich错词allowsis6tipsthatyoushouldpayattentionto①标点符号不改.②大小写不改.③词序错误不改.④在纲外生词不改(带汉语注释的词).

⑤每处错误及修改均仅限一词.⑥只允许修改10处，多者〔从第11处起〕不计分．

TipsLastwintervacation,someofmyclassmatesdecidetotravelwiththeirfriend,whileIchosetotakepart-timejobtogainexperienceandearnsomemoney.Ilearnedfrommyteacherthatanearbycompanywaslookingafterstudentswithgoodhandwritingtowriteaddressesonenvelope.Thepaywere10centsperenvelope.Iheadedforthecompany,feelingsureIwouldeasyfinish300envelopesinfivehoursandtoearnthemoney.Actually,Ionlyfinished200.now,Ifullyunderstandhowhardistoearnmoney.Gettingoutoftheclassroomisindeednecessaryforweall.08浙江高考decided∧aforwaseasily∧itusenvelpoesChallengeyourselfLastweekmyparentsandItookatwo-daytriptoEmeiMountaininSichuan.Whateveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.Theweatherwasfine.Itwasaboutnoonthatwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcamedown.Wespentthenightinahotelatthetopofthemountain.Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood.IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.ChallengeyourselfAsa∧whenvisitedpicturespassedbutus例2[2012•课标全国卷]“That'sit.Nomoretoystoyou.〞Mypunishmentlastedayear.[解析]考查介词用法。此处意为：不再给你买玩具了。toysforsb意为：给某人的玩具。to改为for。例3[2012•陕西卷]Welivedinacomfortablydouble­roomwithabigbath.[解析]考查词性的变化。名词