新世纪大学英语综合教程第一册课后答案(全)

./TheAnswerstoUnit1EnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWorkingwithWordsandExpressions2.<1>obtain<2>confident<3>communicate<4>advantage<5>relevant<6>helpful<7>extreme<8>enjoyable<9>means<10>process<11>particularly<12>characters<13>astonished<14>apparently3.<1>fondof<2>is…relatedto<3>accordingto<4>Toacertaindegree<5>viceversa<6>nodoubt<7>rid…of<8>clearedup<9>orelse<10>atallcosts<11>sureenough<12>letalone<13>similarto<14>It’snouse<15>inmyopinion<16>wasworthIncreasingYourWordPower1.<1>c<2>d<3>b<4>b<5>b<6>d2.<1>highly/very<2>quite/very<3>quite/very/increasingly<4>quite/simply/very3.AdverbsAdjectivesefficientlyefficientparticularlyparticularfluentlyfluentquicklyquickcheaplycheapcontinuallycontinualprobablyprobableadventurouslyadventurousfinallyfinalsteadilysteadyslowlyslowsolemnlysolemnreallyrealapparentlyapparenttentativelytentativeexactlyexactNoMistakeespecial→especiallynecessarily→necessaryfrequent→frequentlyNoMistakeeasily→easyNoMistakeindividually→individualmuch→manyhigh→highlyapparently→apparentremarkably→remarkableprobable→probablyNoMistakeGrammarTask1:would/should<2>should/would<3>might<4>would<5>must<6>can’t<7>shouldwould<8>mustTask2:Wepassedtheafternoonverypleasantly,roller-skatinginthesunandtalkingaboutourchildhoodunderatree./Theafternoonpassedverypleasantly,whileweroller-skatedinthesunandtalkedaboutourchildhoodunderatree.Onenteringthelecturehall,Iwassurprisedatthesizeofthecrowd./WhenIenteredthelecturehall,Iwassurprisedatthesizeofthecrowd.WhenIwasonlyasmallboy,myfathertookmetoBeijingandwehadalotoffuntogether.Towritewell,apersonmustreadgoodbooks.Cloze<1>doubt<2>efficient<3>where<4>advantage<5>afford<6>claim<7>fluently<8>qualified<9>extent<10>ridiculous<11>perfect<12>as<13>because<14>individualTranslation1.Translatethesentences<1>Thebabycan’tevencrawlyet,letalonewalk.<2>Willclaimedhewasdiningwithagroupoffriendsatthetimeofthemurder,butinmyopinionhetoldalie.<3>Toacertainextentthespeedofreadingiscloselyrelatedtoreadingskills;andwithreadingskillsyoucancopewithoutsideclassreadingbetter.<4>Accordingtotheregulation/rule,theybothcanplaythegame/participateinthegame.<5>SomepeopleassumethatthereisaChineseequivalentforeveryJapaneseword.<6>Wehavepassedalltherelevantinformationontothepolice.<7>There/ItisnouseaskingmeanymorequestionsaboutthatmatterbecauseIwon’tanswer.<8>ItwasamistakeonJim’sparttosignthecontractwithoutreadingitcarefully.<9>Theyrefusedtoprovideuswithalltheinformationweneed.<10>Thisaccidentisverysimilartotheonethathappenedthreeyearsago.<11>Thefilmisbasedonaplayby/ofShakespeare.<12>Ifyouhaveagoodcommand/masteryofEnglishandcomputerskills,youwillsurelyhaveanadvantageoverothersinfindingajob/injob-hunting.2.Translatetheparagraph近年来英语教学法有了很大的改变,但是还是有大量的教学活动建立在行为主义心理学基础之上.那些信奉行为主义心理学理论的教师热衷于让学生复述短语,并迫使学生做一些只需不断更换句中某个词的练习.假如我们是鹦鹉或黑猩猩,那么这些方法或许能奏效.但我们不是.人类的语言交际必须是真实、有意义的.TheAnswerstoUnit2EnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWorkingwithWordsandExpressions2.<1>create<2>conflict<3>involved<4>overcame<5>havesurvived<6>attend<7>frowned<8>wander<9>guilty<10>sustained<11>survey<12>awkward<13>recall<14>terrified<15>insurance<16>Adapting3.<1>wassickof<2>chokingback<3>Comparedwith<4>settledinto<5>wouldgiveanything<6>inthemidstof<7>inhisownright<8>onmyown<9>fitinwith<10>grewapartfrom<11>Nowonder<12>stayingup<13>wasannoyedwith<14>wasscaredof<15>introuble<16>ForinstanceIncreasingYourWordPower1.<1>possessive<2>overprotective<3>frustrated<4>possessive<5>lenientstrict<6>rebellious<7>frustrated<8>restless<9>stubborn2.<1>survey<2>sustain<3>attend<4>terrify<5>wrap<6>recall3.WordsSuffixesAdjectivesChinesemeaningdanger-ousdangerous危险的irony-y→-icironic具有讽刺意味的fury-y→-iousfurious暴怒的industry-y→-iousindustrious勤劳的joy-ousjoyous〔令人高兴的ambition-ion→-iousambitious有抱负的；有野心的fame-e→-ousfamous著名的hero-icheroic英勇的adventure-e→-ousadventurous喜欢冒险的4.<1>dangerous<2>ironic<3>fury<4>heroic<5>adventurefameGrammarTask2:1.×<arguewitheachother>2.×<Theaccidenthappened….>3.×<enjoyit>4.√5.√6.×<shoutedat>7.√8.√Task3:VerbsTransitiveIntransitiveSampleSentencessettle√√1.Hefinallymanagedtosettletheproblem.2.Hesettledowninasmallseasidevillage.change√√1.Youhavechangedmylife.2.DoyouthinkJanehaschangedalot?agree√Iagreewithyou.panic√√1.Thethunderpanickedthehorse.2.Don’tpanicinthefaceofemergencies.pass√√1.Thecongresspassedthebill.2.Hepassedbywithoutgreetingme.explain√√1.Letmeexplaintheproblemtoyou.2.Don’tbeangry.Icanexplain.attend√√1.Youcanattendthemeeting.2.Pleaseattendtothedetails.follow√√1.Donotfollowme.2.WhateverIdo,hewilljustfollow.Cloze<1>beamed<2>honorable<3>awkward<4>protested<5>complaints<6>compliments<7>stubborn<8>frowned<9>recall<10>panicked<11>insurance<12>surveyed<13>groaning<14>recognitionTranslation1.TranslatethesentencesManyteachersfrownedonthispractice.AnoldmanglaredatmewhenIwastryingtocutacrossthelawn.WhenImentionedmyfather,sheshowedasmileofrecognitiononherface.Myfirstbornwasquiteobedient,whereasmyyoungerchildwasverystubborn.Icanstillrecallnowhowtheyoungerchildinsistedongoingabroadtostudyafterhefinishedhissecondaryschool.CountriesinSouthEastAsiasustainedgreatlosseswhenthetsunamistruckthearea.Everytimethemothertriestocomparetheyoungerbrotherwithhiselderbrother,theyoungeronewillprotest.Hefoundhimselfunabletofitinwithhisclassmateswhenhefirstcametothisschool.Thefuryonherfaceterrifiedme.Idarednotsaynotoheragain.Nowonderyouendedupintrouble.Youneverfollowedyourparents’advice.Ittookhimtwoyearstoadapttothenewenvironment.2.Translatetheparagraph我还是个婴儿的时候,我的父母就搬到了佛蒙特州.我那温文尔雅的父亲在那儿的一个小镇上毫不张扬地开业行医了.很快,他就赢得了当地人对他的尊敬.我每到一处,也被人尊称为埃普利医生的儿子.一开始我很高兴同学和老师们因为我有一个受人尊敬的父亲而善待我,但随着我的长大,事情起了变化.我开始讨厌父亲的好名声像影子一样跟着我.我要独立.我变得顽固倔强又反叛,还开始对我父亲直呼其名,令他伤透了心.但有一天,发生了一件事令我的态度彻底改变了.TheAnswerstoUnit3EnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWorkingwithWordsandExpressions1.<1>reveals<2>behaving<3>handle<4>influenced<5>satisfied<6>entertain<7>inherit<8>affect<9>confronted<10>sought<11>isolated<12>restrict<13>optimistic<14>selfish<15>sensitive2.<1>summedup<2>haveanimpacton<3>respondto<4>Ingeneral<5>fallsinto<6>atwork<7>shutofffrom<8>incontrolof<9>freefrom10>ingoodshape3.<2>combination<3>seek<4>specific<5>restrict<6>vary<7>expand<8>growth<9>company<10>dominate<11>opportunityIncreasingYourWordPower1.<1>aggressive,sarcastic,harsh,negative<2>magical,mystical<3>negative,critical<4>magical,outgoing,optimistic<5>intellectual<1>Evidently<2>individually<3>absolutely<4>consistently/evidently<5>Consequently<6>mentally,physically<7>probably/absolutely<8>eagerlyenthusiastically<9>easily<10>Normally3.adjectivenounverbdistinctivedistinction—reflectivereflectionreflectaggressiveaggression—creativecreationcreatenegativenegationnegatedefensivedefensedefendpossessivepossessionpossesssubmissivesubmissionsubmitsensitive—sensitize<1>submissive<2>aggressive<3>possession<4>created<5>negative<6>defense<7>sensitiveGrammarTask1:<1>all<2>many<3>a<4>much<5>some<6>every<7>an<8>anyTask2:MistakesCorrections1>much<L.2>many2>plenty<L.3>many,all3>a<L.4>an4>any<L.5>all5>few<L.7>little6>every<L.7>／7>a<L.9>／8>any<L.10>／9>little<L.11>few10>some<L.12>any11>a<L.13>someCloze<1>indicate<2>responds<3>reflect<4>absolutely<5>preference<6>harsh<7>specific<8>traits<9>individual<10>immature<11>effort<12>persistent<13>achieve<14>inheritsTranslation1.TranslatethesentencesWilliamlikesthegirlalotsohetriesveryhardtoimpressherandisoptimisticthathewillwinherheart.Heisverycreativeandhasagoodvisionofthefuture,buthelikestokeepthingstohimself.Theycamefromapoorvillagewherepeoplewereshutofffrommoderncivilization.Wemustworkhardandmakeanefforttoachievethegoalsthatwehaveset.Weshouldlearntobecontentwithallthatwehaveandshouldnotbetoocriticalaboutthingsaroundus.Theyoftenrepresentourschoolindebatingcompetitions;tonightwewillthrowapartytocelebratetheirsuccess.Throughreading,notonlyhasheexpandedhishorizon,hehasalsolearnedtokeepimprovinghischaracter.Twopolicemensacrificedtheirlivesinordertosavethatgirlfromthefire.Astablerelationshipwithoutconflictsbetweenhusbandandwifebenefitsthechildreninthefamily.2.Translatetheparagraph虽然有许多关于性格的理论,但是任何一个都没有绝对地对错之分,因为每个心理学家对性格的观点都有所不同.所以,除非某个人已有明显的症状,否则很难断定这个人患有精神疾病.心里学家普遍认可绝大多数人是因为过度的压力才引起情感和精神上的疾病.所以重要的是人们要去寻找可以让自己放松、开心的方法.EnjoyEnglishAcross:1.optimistic2.opportunity3.expand4.represent5.matureDown:6.outgoing7.consistently8.intellectual9.primary10.inherit11.affectTheAnswerstoUnit4EnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWorkingwithWordsandExpressions2.<1>exclaimed<2>arrange<3>aroused<4>resembles<5>volunteered<6>appreciate<7>requires<8>cracked<9>miracle<10>victims<11>precious<12>delicate<13>expected<14>interviewed3.<1>takeover<2>getthrough<3>noway<4>Leaveoff<5>put…together<6>intouchwith<7>Nosooner…than<8>inadvance<9>lookingforwardto<10>arrangefor<11>incontrast<12>tookon<13>madesure<14>movein<15>inthehandsof<16>gowith<17>inpovertyIncreasingYourWordPower1.<1>commission<2>smashed<3>smash<4>volunteered<5>spill<6>crash<7>contrast<8>commission<9>spilt<10>volunteer<11>contrasts<12>crashed2.<1>e<2>e<3>a<4>a<5>c<6>d3.<1>happy<2>impulsive<3>carelessness<4>calmness<5>firm<6>illness<7>awareness<8>weakness<9>submissiveGrammarTask2:NoMistakehaslived→hasbeenlivingenjoyed→enjoysNoMistakehavetried→triedNoMistakeNoMistakeNoMistakevisit→havebeenvisitinghasbeenliking→likesgot→hadIgotbroke→hadbrokenNoMistakeNoMistakehadsuffered→wassufferingNoMistakereceived→havebeenreceivingNoMistakehasinsistedon→insistedNoMistakeNoMistakeCloze<1>chilly<2>sooner<3>than<4>exclaimed<5>fabric<6>delicate<7>joints<8>that<9>miracle<10>sacrificed<11>precious<12>lovingTranslation1.TranslatethesentencesLet’sgetintouchassoonasweknowtheresultsofthetest/exam.Themusicarousedanintensefeelingofhomesicknessinhim.You’vebeenworkingallmorning—youdeservearestnow.Ihadnosoonerlaindownthanthetelephonerang./NosoonerhadIlaindownthanthetelephonerang.5.MydoctorsaysI’mtootiredandhasadvisedmenottotakeonanymorework.6.Jennyvolunteeredtoclearupafterthegathering.7.Thesubjectofthetalkisannouncedaweekinadvance,butthenameofthespeakerisnot.8.Yourperformanceintheexamdidnotreachtherequiredstandard—inotherwords,youfailed.9.Shewassoillthatshehadtoleaveoffwork.10.Thereisnowaytotellwhatisgoingtohappen.Thecaseisinthehandsofthejudge,andallwecoulddoistowait.2.Translatetheparagraph当人们变得很老时,像祖父母或曾父母那样,他们有时不再能够照顾自己.他们会生病,或者摔倒而折断股骨,或者他们根本都不记得该如何穿睡衣.有时候虽然有些老人看起来还健康,但是因为他们自己独居,所以觉得很孤单.这时候全家人要碰个头,商讨一下让他们日渐衰老的家人去养老院居住是否是一个较好的办法,因为在那里他们可以得到更好的照顾.TheAnswerstoUnit5EnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWorkingwithWordsandExpressions2.<1>senior <2>defined<3>occur<4>options<5>disturbed<6>soak <7>tossed<8>navigate<9>matters<10>depressed3.<1>becamewellacquaintedwith<2>tookusbysurprise<3>gatherourthoughts<4>turnedout <5>hangup <6>inreality <7>Inspiteof<8>litup<9>hemmedandhawed <10>turnedintoIncreasingYourWordPower1.<1>a<2>e<3>c<4>e<5>b<6>d<7>d<8>b2.<1>covered <2>fears <3>covers <4>attack <5>fears <6>attacks<7>visits;visited <8>touched <9>chat <10>touch <11>match<12>chats <13>match3.<1>astonishment<2>accomplishments<3>haveimproved<4>appointment<5>excitement <6>advertisements <7>developments <8>argue<9>enjoyed <10>encouragementGrammarTask2:1>Isawthedooropen 2>theofficehadbeenbrokeninto3>quiteafewthingshadbeenstolen 4>hadalreadycomebacktotheoffice5>the200dollarshehadlockedinhisdrawerwasgone 6>hadjustbought7>AfewcomputersintheofficehadbeenstolenCloze<1>recent <2>surprise <3>sad <4>keeping <5>disturbing<6>inquiries<7>admitted<8>occurred<9>surgery <10>options<11>tightly <12>soaking <13>scent <14>gatheringsTranslation1.Translatethesentences1.Wearegoodfriends;however,hekeptsuchanimportantmatterfromme,whichtookmebysurprise.2.Itdoesn’tmatterifyoucannotgetfullmarksintheexam;whatmattersisnottoloseconfidenceinyourself.3.Hechattedwithmelastnightandassuredmethatthediseasewasnothardtocureandthatnobodyhadeverdiedofit.4.Shewasdeterminedtoovercomealltheobstaclesinherlifewithawillofiron.5.Itturnedoutthathehadalreadyreceivedmymoney,butdidnotacknowledgethereceiptofitonpurpose.Thisreallydrovemecrazy.6.Heisashyandsilentboy.Beforehewentontothestagetosharehisexperiences,hesatquietlyinacorneroftheauditorium,gatheringhisthoughts.7.Headmittedonthespotthathewouldgooverseasforfurtherstudyashebelievedoverseaseducationwouldopenthedoortohisfutureresearch.8.Mary’suncle’sfacelitupwhenhesawhisneicehadturnedintoaprettyyoungladyinjustafewyears.2.Translatetheparagraph我回去看我外婆的时候,她非常高兴地看到我已长成一个健壮的小伙子.我们一起聊天,回忆我小时候的一些事情.谈到一半的时候,外婆突然叹了一口气说,"大概以后再也见不到你了."她的话使我震惊得拱起了眉头,不明白她为什么说出这么令人不安的话来.我们静静地坐了一会,外婆的眼里噙满泪水,她终于告诉我说,医生诊断出她得了严重的心脏病,已经发作了好几次,也一直在治疗,但情况一点也没有进展.我怪外婆一直把这坏消息瞒着我,并告诉她一定会有办法医治的,她却摇头否认.我伸出双臂抱着外婆,多么希望我们能在一起度过更多的时间.TheAnswerstoUnit6EnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWorkingwithWordsandExpressions2.<1>delivered<2>released<3>permission<4>rented<5>miserable<6>exploded<7>pressed<8>motion<9>barely<10>enthusiasm<11>knelt<12>request<13>policy<14>necessities3.<1>gowrong<2>brokedown<3>onmywayto<4>byhimself<5>intime<6>setthestagefor<7>setoutfor<8>makefunof<9>pleadedfor<10>indisbeliefIncreasingYourWordPower1.<1>specialized<2>large<3>eat<4>go<5>sociable<6>wide2.merrily→miserablyboring→interestingcarelessly→carefullymonotonously→cheerfullyunpleasantly→pleasantlylively→dullsatisfactory→unsatisfactorysternly→kindlytiny→hugetraditional→modernregular→irregularempty→occupied<1>sternly<2>miserably<3>cheerfully<4>carelessly<5>tiny<6>irregular<7>unsatisfactory<8>occupied<9>boring/dull<10>traditional3.<1>slapped<2>present<3>lit<4>whispered<5>slap<6>presented<7>ordered<8>light<9>listed<10>motioned<11>supply<12>order<13>list<14>supply<15>motion<16>wonder<17>whispers<18>wondering4.<1>personality;sensitivity;loyalty<2>frailty<3>complexity<4>Mutuality<5>stupidity<6>regularity<7>reality<8>specialty/specialityCloze<1>supplies<2>fun<3>permission<4>necessities<5>rundown<6>decorated<7>straight<8>item<9>overwhelmed<10>embracedTranslation1.TranslatethesentencesStraightenup!Yourfeetshouldkeeptimetotherhythmofthemusic.Sheslippedanoteintohishand.Hewasveryunhappyafterreadingit,ashethoughtthatshewasmakingfunofhim.Thethiefpleadedforourmercywhenhewascaught.Hesaidhehadstolenthefoodbecausehismotherwasstarvingtodeathandtherewasbarelyanyfoodleftinthehouse.Theyhavemadearequestformoreelectricitysupplies,whichweshouldsatisfyinordertoreleasethemfromthepressuretheyareunder.Theymadetheroundswiththewinebottle;eachtookagulpandthentheysetoutfortheforest.MyTVsetbrokedown;Ihaveorderedanewoneonlineandtheshopisgoingtohaveitdeliveredtothedoor.Hiswordsmadeeveryoneunhappyandstopeating.Afterawhile,theyresumedeating,buttheyalllookedasifsomethingwasweighingontheirminds.Westaredathimindisbelief,astonishedthatsomeoneasgentleasheiscouldinterruptussorudely.2.Translatetheparagraph去年圣诞节前夜,我们的旅途诸多不顺.当我们住进尼斯一家肮脏而昏暗的旅馆时,我们的心中已无任何圣诞节的感觉而言.我们进入一家看上去很乏味的饭馆吃饭时,情况一点也没有好转.但是,在这沉闷饭馆中度过的不愉快的夜晚最后却变成我们所度过的最好的圣诞前夜,这一切都是因为那个充满了圣诞精神的美国水手.他将我们心中被愤怒和失望压抑的爱和欢乐释放出来,他带给了我们圣诞节.TheAnswerstoUnit7EnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWorkingwithWordsandExpressions2.<1>facilitate<2>tends<3>hurt<4>ensure<5>blessed<6>trembled<7>curiously<8>failure<9>invention3.<1>bynomeans<2>takeitforgranted<3>contributeto<4>athisdisposal<5>resortto<6>takeintoaccount<7>arisefrom<8>hasgivenriseto<9>switchedoff<10>dealwith<11>breezedthrough<12>hadgoneby<13>Tomysurprise<14>carriedaway<15>comeintoplay<16>InmyviewIncreasingYourWordPower1.skip→jumpaffect→influenceuncommon→rarephysiological→physicaldeserted→alonereply→respondblame→scoldconscientious→serioussignificant→meaningfulcareer→professionarise→riseneed→requireassist→help<1>jumps/jumped<2>respond<3>career<4>required<5>arise<6>assisted<7>affected<8>deserted<9>serious<10>rare<11>scolded<12>significant<13>physiological2.recoverEnglishmeaningChinesemeaningrecoveryourlostdaterecovermystrengthrecovertheirlossesrecoverhislostmoneygetback<sth.lost>寻回,取回,恢复recoverfrominjuriesrecoverfromthejourneyrecoverfromabrokenbonerecoverfromthestressofoverworkbecomewell;regainaformerposition康复；复元；恢复recoverfromaleginjuryrecoverfromtwogoalsdowntodraw3-3recoverfrommentalillnessrecoverfromthewarbecomewell;regainaformerposition康复；复元；恢复3.AdjectivesNounspersonalpersontechnologicaltechnologynaturalnaturenationalnationmedicalmedicineemotionalemotionsocialsocietyintellectualintellectcriticalcriticmagicalmagicoccasionaloccasionhystericalhysteria/hystericessentialessencetrivialtriviatraditionaltraditionpsychologicalpsychology<1>technological,technology<2>essence,essential<3>personal,person<4>hysterical,hysteria<5>traditional,traditionGrammarReviewTask3:<1>the→d<2>a→f<3>the→e<4>the→b<5>the→c<6>a→a<7>a→j<8>the→g<9>the→h<10>an→iCloze<1>vital<2>blessed<3>technological<4>facilitate<5>factors<6>tend<7>rate<8>uncommon<9>unconsciously<10>ensure<11>burden<12>Concentration<13>range<14>switchTranslation1.TranslatethesentencesWheneverwestartanewjob,thereareboundtobealotofthingswemaynotbefamiliarwith.Thisnewmedicine/drughassuccessfullybeenusedonanimals,butthisdoesn’tmeanthatitcanbeappliedtohumans.Hisfailuretowinthefirstprizeinthespeechcompetitionislargelyduetohislackofconfidence.Tothegeneralpublic,depressioncanbeeasilyconfusedwithstress,asitmaybearesponsetosometypesofstress.Itisbecomingincreasinglydifficultforworldfoodproductiontokeeppacewiththecontinuinggrowthoftheworld’spopulation.Tosuccessfullygetajob,alotoffactorsneedtocomeintoplay,includingyourskills,diplomaandworkexperience.2.Translatetheparagraph回应式聆听的关键是要能够不加论断地聆听,即为理解而听,而不是为达成一致而听.我们如何可以成为更专心及回应式的听众呢？过程是这样的.坐在说话人的对面,身体放松,注意力集中.让说话人开始讲述他正经历或想要分享的情感或具体的想法.对言语或非言语的信息都要注意.当说话人说完四五句话的时候,打断说话人,说,"让我看看我有没有听明白你的话."然后,用你自己的话重复你刚才所听到的信息或感受的情感："你刚才说…","你的感觉是…","我说得对吗？"如果说话人说不对,则要求说话人澄清一下你没听明白或听错的部分.当你们两个都明白后,说话人就可以继续说下面的几句话,回应的过程又重新开始.记住：说话人和听话人的目的都是为了理解,而不是达成一致.TheAnswerstoUnit8EnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWorkingwithWordsandExpressions2.<1>compromise<2>scheduled<3>steered<4>frame<5>demonstrated<6>employ<7>promote<8>impressed<9>confirmed<10>deliberately<11>financial<12>economic3.<1>makesapointof<2>makethemostof<3>leadto<4>athand<5>tobeginwith<6>Lastbutnotleast<7>took….down<8>Inadditionto<9>takespainsto<10>cameto<11>pointedout<12>paidoff4