中考英语语法典型错误整理

汇报人：XX2024-02-05中考英语语法典型错误整理目录VerbaltensesandvoiceerrorsNumberandcaseerrorsofnounsComparativeandsuperlativeerrorsinadjectivesandadverbs代词指代与一致性错误PrepositionalcollocationandfixedphraseerrorsSentenceguidewordsandwordordererrors01VerbaltensesandvoiceerrorsUsingpresentcontinuoustensetoexpresshabitualorroutineactions,e.g.,"Iamalwaysdoingmyhomeworkafterschool."Usingpresenttensetodescribeactionshappeningnow,e.g.,"Iseehimeatlunch."Incorrectuseofauxiliaryverbs"am/is/are"and"-ing"formoftheverb,e.g.,"Heisgototheparknow."ConfusionbetweenpresenttenseandpresentcontinuoustenseUsingsimplepasttensetoexpressanactionthathappenedbeforeanotheractioninthepast,e.g.,"Yesterday,IsawamoviebeforeIdidmyhomework."Incorrectuseofauxiliaryverbs"did"and"have/has,"e.g.,"Shehaswenttothelibrary."Usingpresentperfecttensetodescribeacompletedactioninthepastwithoutspecifyingatime,e.g.,"Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkyesterday."MisuseofsimplepasttenseandpresentperfecttenseOmittingthebeverbinpassivesentences,e.g.,"Thebookwaswrittenbyhim."becomes"Thebookwrittenbyhim."Usingactivevoiceinsteadofpassivevoicewhenthedoeroftheactionisunknownorunimportant,e.g.,"Somebodystolemybike."insteadof"Mybikewasstolen."Incorrectuseofbeverbformsinpassivesentences,e.g.,"Theflowersarebeingwateredbyher."becomes"Theflowersisbeingwateredbyher."Omittingormisuseofthebeverbinpassivevoice01Usingthethirdpersonsingularformor-ingformoftheverbaftermodalverbssuchas"can,""may,""must,"etc.,e.g.,"Hecansingsverywell."or"Shemaygoingtothepartytonight."02Omittingtheinfinitivemarker"to"aftermodalverbsthatrequireit,e.g.,"Ihavetogo"becomes"Ihavego."03Incorrectuseofmodalverbsinnegativesentences,e.g.,"Hemustn'teatcandybeforedinner."(shouldbe"Heshouldn'teatcandybeforedinner.")Theoriginalformoftheverbfollowingthemodalverbisincorrect02NumberandcaseerrorsofnounsImpropersingularandpluralformsofcountablenounse.g.,"Isawtwomouses(insteadofmice)inthehouse."Irregularpluralformsnotfollowede.g.,"Hehastwobook(insteadofbooks)."Failuretoadd-s/-estoformtheplurale.g.,"Therearemanyinformations(insteadofinformation)ontheinternet."Incorrectadditionof-s/-…Treatinguncountablenounsasiftheywerecountablee.g.,"Ihavetwoadvices(insteadofadvice)foryou."要点一要点二Usinguncountablenounswitharticlesornumberse.g.,"Iboughtafurniture(insteadoffurnitureisuncountable)formyroom."MisuseofuncountablenounsascountablenounsThepossessiveformofanounisincorrecte.g.,"It's(contractionof"itis")vs.its(possessivepronoun)."Confusingpossessivepronounswithcontractionse.g.,"Theteachersbook(insteadofteacher'sbook)isonthetable."Omittingtheapostropheinpossessivenounse.g.,"Thestudents's(insteadofstudents')lockerroomisoverthere."Addinganapostrophetopluralnounsendingin-sImproperuseofarticlese.g.,"Ihaveanumbrella"(correct)vs."Ihaveaumbrella"(incorrect).Confusing"a"and"an"beforevowelse.g.,"Ihavecat(insteadofacat)."Omittingarticlesbeforesingularcountablenounse.g.,"Thecatisacommonpet(insteadofCatsarecommonpets)."Usingthedefinitearticle"the"beforeageneralnoun03ComparativeandsuperlativeerrorsinadjectivesandadverbsFormingthecomparativeorsuperlativeincorrectly:Forexample,"morebetter"or"mostbest"insteadof"better"or"best."Usingthewrongformoftheadjectiveoradverb:Forinstance,using"more"withanadjectivethatalreadyhasacomparativeform,suchas"moreunique"insteadof"moreunusual."Omittingthenecessary"more"or"most"beforetheadjectiveoradverb:Forexample,saying"Thisbookisinterestingthanthatone"insteadof"Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone."ComparativeandsuperlativeformerrorsComparethestructuresof'than'or'as'AsomissionormisuseUsing"as"incorrectlyincomparisons:Forexample,saying"Thiscarisasfasterthanthatone"insteadof"Thiscarisasfastasthatone"or"Thiscarisfasterthanthatone."Omittingthenecessary"than"afteracomparative:Forinstance,saying"Iamtallerhim"insteadof"Iamtallerthanhim."Misusing"as"insuperlativestructures:Forinstance,saying"ThisistheasbestbookIhaveeverread"insteadof"ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread."ImproperuseofwordsthatmodifycomparativeandsuperlativelevelsForexample,saying"reallymostbeautiful"insteadof"reallybeautiful"or"themostbeautiful."Usingmodifiersthatdono…Forexample,saying"verymoreimportant"insteadof"muchmoreimportant"or"veryimportant."Usingthewrongmodifierw…Forinstance,saying"Thisroomisbigger"insteadof"Thisroomismuchbigger"toemphasizethedifference.Omittingthenecessarymod…Usingthebasicformofanadjectiveoradverbtomakeacomparison:Forinstance,saying"Thiscarisfast,thatcarisslow"insteadof"Thiscarisfasterthanthatone."Omittingthenecessary"the"beforeasuperlative:Forexample,saying"Sheismostbeautifulgirlintheclass"insteadof"Sheisthemostbeautifulgirlintheclass."Usingasuperlativewhenacomparativeisneeded:Forinstance,saying"Thisismymostfavoritebook"insteadof"Thisismyfavoritebook"or"Thisbookismorefavoritetomethanthatone."010203误用原级进行比较或最高级04代词指代与一致性错误例如，"Isawhimyesterday,buthedidn'tseeI."（错误），应改为"Isawhimyesterday,buthedidn'tseeme."（正确）主格用作宾语例如，"HerandIwenttothepark."（错误），应改为"SheandIwenttothepark."（正确）宾格用作主语人称代词主格与宾格混淆"Itsabeautifuldaytoday."（错误），应改为"It'sabeautifuldaytoday."（正确）Possessivepronounusedaspersonalpronoun"Thatcarbelongstothey."（错误），应改为"Thatcarbelongstothem."（正确）PersonalpronounusedaspossessivepronounMisuseofpossessivepronounsaspersonalpronounsorviceversa使用非反身代词代替反身代词例如，"JohnandMaryhurtthemselfintheaccident."（错误），应改为"JohnandMaryhurtthemselvesintheaccident."（正确）不必要的反身代词使用例如，"Sheenjoyedherselfbookverymuch."（错误），应改为"Sheenjoyedthebookverymuch."（正确）Improperuseofreflexivepronouns"Someone"与"anyone"的混淆例如，"Someoneofyoumustknowtheanswer."（错误），应改为"Anyoneofyoucouldknowtheanswer."（在某些语境下正确，但更常用的是"Somebodyheremustknowtheanswer."）"Noone"与"none"的混淆例如，"Noneofthestudentshavefinishedtheirhomework."（在某些语境下可视为正确，但更标准的是"Noonehasfinishedtheirhomework."，或者"Noneofthestudentshasfinishedhisorherhomework."）忽略不定代词的单复数形式例如，"Everyoneofthestudentsareexcitedforthetrip."（错误），应改为"Everyoneofthestudentsisexcitedaboutthetrip."（正确）Misuseofindefinitepronounssuchassomeone,anyone,etc.05PrepositionalcollocationandfixedphraseerrorsUsinginfinitiveverbsinst…"Ilookforwardtogoingtotheparty").要点一要点二Usingthewrongtenseofth…"Iwillmeetyouintwodays"or"Imetyoutwodaysago").IncorrectverbformafterprepositionIncorrectcollocationofpr…"Iaminterestedin")or"Thereasonofmyabsencewas"(correctform:"Thereasonformyabsencewas").要点一要点二Usingadjectiveswithprepo…"Iamboredwith")or"Sheisafraidto"(correctform:"Sheisafraidof").Impropercombinationofprepositionswithnouns,adjectives,etc.Omittingessentialpreposit…"Idreamofadream")or"Sheconcentratedherefforts"(correctform:"Sheconcentratedhereffortson").要点一要点二Substitutingprepositionsi…"Idependonyou")or"Heisresponsibleforhisactionstome"(correctform:"Heisresponsibletomeforhisactions").OmissionsorsubstitutionsoffixedphrasemediatorsInvertingthesubjectandv…"Asurprisewasinthebox").要点一要点二Failingtoinvertthesubje…"Underthetableliesadog"or"Adogliesunderthetable").Notethatthisexampleisactuallycorrectaswritten,butitillustrateshowtheinversioncanbedoneincorrectlyifnothandledproperly.Invertedstructureerrorscausedbyprepositionsatthebeginningofsentences06SentenceguidewordsandwordordererrorsUsing"what"insteadof"that"asaleadingwordwhentheclauseisthesubjectorobjectofasentence.Using"which"insteadof"who"or"whom"asaleadingwordwhenreferringtopeople.Omittingtheleadingwordentirely,resultinginafragmentorrun-onsentence.InappropriateuseofleadingwordsinnounclausesUsing"where"insteadof"which"orviceversawhenreferringtoplacesorthingsinrelativeclauses.Omittingtherelativepronounoradverb,leadingtoincompleteorungrammaticals