2018-2019学年广东深圳高中三年级年级期末联考质量检测考试

./XX省2018-2019高三年级期末质量检测考试英语卷第I卷第二部分阅读理解〔共20小题；每小题2分,满分40分〕第一节〔共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分〕阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D中,选出最佳答案,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AVolunteerataChimpanzeeSanctuary<避难所>inCameroon,AfricaVolunteeropportunitiesavailablefor2018!Sanaga-YongChimpanzee<黑猩猩>Rescueneedshelpfromhighlymotivated,maturevolunteerswhoarecommittedtotheconservationofgreatapesandarewillingtoliveinachallengingenvironmenttohelpsaveanendangeredspecies.Thisincrediblyrewarding,life-enrichingexperienceprovidestheuniqueopportunitytoliveinAfrica,learnfromourhighlyskilledstaffandcareforourresidentchimpanzees.Youwillhelpwithday-to-dayoperations,includingworkingwithFrench-speakingstaff,helpingwithconstructionprojects,purchasingsupplies,painting,maintainingequipmentandhelpingthecaregiving-staffwiththecareandfeedingofourchimpanzees?Pleasenotedirecthands-oncontactwithchimpanzeesislimited.Qualificationsorlengthofstaymaybenegotiatedforapplicantswithprofessionalveterinary<兽医>ormedicaltraining.CostDetailsVolunteerspayfortheirround-tripairfare,andvisa,etc.Thesanctuaryprovidesfoodandaccommodationatthesite.Mealsarevegetarianonly.SkillsNeeded/ExperienceTherequirementsforthisopportunityareaminimum6-monthstay,25yearsofageorolder,physicalstamina<耐力>andgoodoverallhealth,andfluencyin-FrenchorEnglishPreferredexperienceincludeslivinginadevelopingcountryand/orexperienceworkingwithgreatapes.DetailedLocationInformationSanaga-YongChimpanzeeRescueislocatedontheedgeoftheforest,approximately15milesfromthenearestsmalltownofBelabo.VolunteerstravelbytrainorbusfromthecapitalcityofYaoundetothesanctuary<arrangedbySYCRstaff>.TheareaiscurrentlyfreeoftheEbolavirusINTERESTEDINVOLUNTEERING?ContactUniversalgiving1.WhatwillvolunteershelpstaffdoinSanaga-YongChimpanzeeRescue?A.BathemoneysB.DesigntheprojectsC.TraingreatD.Feedchimpanzees2.Whowillbepreferredwhenapplyingforvoluntarypositions?A.VetsB.EngineersC.FirefightersD.Teachers3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Volunteerscaneatroastedmuttoneveryotherweek.B.Thesanctuarypaysforvolunteers'round-tripflighttickets.C.Applicantsmusthaveexperienceworkingwithapes.D.Teenagersarediscouragedfromthesepositions.BWhilefamousathletes,likeSimoneBilesandMcKaylaMaroney,makeitlookeasy,gymnasticsisoneofthehardestsportsontheplanetbothphysicallyandmentally.Itis,therefore,notsurprisingtohearthatmostgymnastsretireintheirlateteensorearly20,s.Butdon'ttellthattoOksanaChusovitina.Thegymnast,whohasbeenbeforecamerassincewinningherfirstmajorcompetitionatage13,isstill-goingstrongattheripe"old"ageof43.OnAugust23,2018,Chusovitinamadeheadlinesagain,thistimeforwinningamedalatthe2018AsianGamesheldinIndonesia.What'sevenmoreimpressiveisthatthegymnast,whosharedthepodium<领奖台>withwomenyoungerthanher19-year-oldsonAlisherKurpanov,missedthegoldbyone-tenthofapoint.Overthelast30years,thefamousathletehaswonatotalof32medals,including2Olympicand11worldchampionshipmedals.SheisnotonlytheoldestfemaleOlympicgymnast,butalsotheonlygymnastevertocompeteinsevenOlympicGames.ChusovitinaisoneofonlytwofemalegymnaststocompeteattheOlympicsunderthreedifferentnationalteams:theSovietUnion,Germany/whereshemovedforafewyearstogethersontreatmentforleukemia--andhernativeUzbekistan.Notsurprisingly,theamazingathletehasnoplanstoretireyet!Whenaskedbyareporterifthe2018AsianGameswouldbeherfinaltournament,Chusovitinainstantlyresponded,"No!IwanttogotoTokyo.Ifshequalifiesforthe2020OlympicsinTokyo,Japan-andwehavelittledoubtshewill--Chusovitina,whowillbe45,willbecometheoldestOlympicgymnastin100years.Shewill,however,notbetheoldestathleteevertocompeteattheGames.ThathonorbelongstoOscarSwahnofSweden,whowas72yearsoldwhenhecompetedatthe1920Olympicsinthesportofshooting.4.whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?A.OksanaChusovitinaBecameTheOldestAthleteInHistoryB.OksanaChusovitinaMadeHeadlinesAt2018AsianGamesC.OksanaChusovitinaCompetedInSevenOlympicGamesD.GymnastOksanaChusovitinaProvesAgeIsJustANumber5WhatachievementdidChusovitinamakeatthe2018AsianGames?A.hewonagoldmedalB.ShebrokeaworldrecordC.Sheearnedasilvermedal.D.ShesetanAsianrecord6.ChusovitinacompetedattheOlympicsonbehalfofGermanyinordertoA.havehersicksontreatedinGermany.B.attractmuchmoreattention.C.becomeaGermancitizen.D.experiencedifferentcultures7.Whatisthewriter,'sattitudetowardChusovitina'squalifyingforthe2020Olympics?A.CautiousB.ConfidentC.NegativeD.DoubtfulCIndifferentcultures,differentanimalsarerespectedandevenworshipped<AFF>.InHinduism,forexample,cowsarevaluedfortheirgentlenatureInAncientEgypt,however,crocodileswereworshippedtobelivingrepresentationsofthegodSobek.Youmaybesurprisedtolearnthattheworshipofcrocodilesisfarfromancienthistory.Inthe15thcentury,whileinaseriousdrought,theMossiwereledtoanundiscoveredpondbythecrocodiles.ThisnotonlyallowedheMossitosurvive,butalsoledtothefoundingofBazoule.Becausethevillagersowedtheirsurvivaltothecrocodiles,theynowcareforandlivesidebysidewiththem,havingfuneralsandburyingthemafterdeath,astheydofortheirhumancompanions.TheMossialsothrowacelebratoryfestivaleveryyearintheirhonor-KoomLakre.NotonlyarethecrocodilesregardedasprotectorsofBazoule,buttheyarealsoseenasfortune-tellersthatgivebestwishestothem,especiallyduringKoomLakre.Itseemsasthoughtheworshipofthecrocodileshaspaidoff;inover70years,therehasn'tbeenadeathfromacrocodileattack,notevenoneIt'snormalforwomentowashtheirclothesinthewaterandnearby,asisitanormalsightforchildrentoplayaroundthewateraswell.Naturally,thisstrangerelationship,hasattractedalotofattention.Touristshavecrowdedtothevillage,lookingtocatchaglimpseofthisunlikelybondbetweenhumansandreptiles.Visitorshavetheopportunitytopurchaseachicken,whichaguidewillusetoattractthecrocodilesoutofthewater.Youcanposeforpictures,andifyoufeelbraveenough,youcansitonacrocodile'sbacklikethelocalchildren.Thevillagedevelopsontourism,butunfortunately,thevillagefindsitselfthreatenedbyglobalwarming.Lowerannualrainfallmeansthatthepondisatriskofdisappearing.Perhapsthelegendsaretrue,andwhenthishappens,willthecrocodilesleadtheMossitoanewwatersource?8.WhyweretheMossisogratefultowardsthecrocodiles?A.TheyneverdidharmtotheMossi.B.TheyoncehappenedtohelptheMossi.C.TheyhelpedtheMossitoearnmoney.D.TheyledtheMossibacktotheirhomes.9.WhatdoestheauthorintendtosayinParagraph4?A.ThecrocodilescanpickthevillagersoutB.Crocodileattacksdon'talwayscauseadeathC.ThevillagersliveinharmonywiththecrocodilesD.Thecrocodilescanprotectthevillagersfromdanger.10.Whatcanweinferaboutthevillageinthefuture?A.Moreandmoretouristswillcrowdin.B.Thecrocodilesmaymovetoanewplace.C.ThecrocodilesmaygoontohelptheMossi.D.TheMossiwillhavetosearchfordrinkingwater.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthistext?A.CrocodilesandHumansLiveinPeace.B.TheTourismDevelopsinaSmallVillage.C.AHistoryofLivingwithCrocodiles.DCrocodilesProtectHumansinReturn.DTechnologymayhavemadeworkingfromhomeeasierthanever,butaccordingtoanewstudy,employeeswhoworkaloneathomemaynotperformaswellasthoseintheoffice.ResearchersatJohnsHopkinsUniversityintheUSwantedtofindoutwhetherbeingwatchedwhiletakingonataskmadeadifferencetopeople'sperformance.Manypeoplebelievethatbeingunderconstantscrutiny<tl>damagestheircreativitywhileothersliveinfearofgrowingnervousinfrontofanaudienceduringapublicevent.Butthefindingssuggestthatthepressureofothersactuallymakespeopleachievemore.Youmightthinkhavingpeoplewatchyouisn'tgoingtohelp,butitmightactuallymakeyouperformbettersaidleadauthorVikramChib."Anaudiencecanserveasanincentive."Whenpeopleknowtheyarebeingobserved,partsofthebrainlinkedwithsocialanxietyandrewardexciteapartofthebrainthatcontrolsmotorskills<运动技能>,improvingtheirperformanceatskilledtasks.Inthenewexperiment,DrChibandcolleaguesasked20participants<参与者>toplayavideogame.Theparticipantsperformedthetaskbothinfrontofanaudienceoftwoandwithnooneattaching,andtheirbrainactivitywasrecorded.Whilepeoplewerewatching,participantswereanaverageoffivepercentbetteratthevideogame-andasmuchas20percentbetter.Onlytwoparticipantsdidn'tperformbetterinfrontofothers.Butiftheaudiencewasalotbiggerandtherewardswerehigher,theresultscouldhavegonetheotherway."It'sgoodforpeopletobewithsocialanxiety.Butatsomepoint,thesizeoftheaudiencecouldincreasethesizeofone'sanxiety,Dr.Chibexplained."Westillneedtodomoretofindtheanswer."12.Whyaremanypeopleunwillingtobesurroundedbyotherswhileworking?A.It'shardforthemtobeatease.B.Technologyattractstheirattentionmore.C.Theydon'twanttorelyonothers.D.Theyachievemorewhenworkingalone.13.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword"incentive"inParagraph3?A.Somethingthathelpsyoufeelcalmer.B.Somethingthatcanchangeyourattitude.C.Somethingthatleadstoyourbadperformance.D.Somethingthatencouragesyoutoworkharder.14.Whatdoweknowabouttheparticipantsintheexperiment?A.TheywatchedeachotherplayingavideogameB.Eachofthemplayedavideogameatleasttwice.C.Theyweredividedintotwogroupstoplayagame.D.Mostplayedavideogameinordertoearnrewards.15..Whatcanbelearnedfromtheexperiment?A.Peopleperformbetter/whenworkingtogether.B.Thebiggertheaudience,thebetteroneperforms.C.Thesizeoftheaudiencecaninfluencetheperformance.D.Higherrewardsmakepeopleperformwellasawhole.第二节<共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分>根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverhadtroublesleepinginanewplace?Lotsofpeopledo.Andnowresearchersthinktheyknowwhy.Theyfoundthatone-halfofthebrain"remainsmoreawake"thantheotherhalfwhenpeoplearetryingtosleepinanewplace.16.____________,theresearcherssaid.ThesleepfindingswerereportedinCurrentBiologyandbyBrownUniversity.Intheirreport,theresearcher/saidmanypeoplereporttheyhaveahardertimesleepingthefirstnightatahotelorotherplacesoutsidetheirhome.Theycallit,"first-nighteffect."InJapan,asayinggoeslikethat"ifyouchangeyourpillow,youcan'tsleep,"saidYukaSasaki,oneofthereportsauthors.?17.___________allknowaboutit."Theresearchersmeasuredbrainwavesfor35volunteersovertwonightsinalaboratory.18._________Theyfoundduringthefirstnightthelefthemisphere<半球>ofthebrainwasmoreactivethantherightone.Thiswasduringthefirstdeep-sleepperiod,theresearcherssaid.Researchersdidnotkeepmeasuringbrainwavesallnightlong.19._______,orwhetherit"worksinshiftswiththerighthemispherelaterinthenight.Theyalsodonotknowwhytheextrabrainactivity,atleastduringthefirstperiodofdeepsleep,isalwaysonthelefthemisphere.20._____________Itisgoodtoknowthatourbrainis"lookingoutforus",inanewplace.Butitmaynothelpwithsleep.Thatextrabrainactivitymakesitharderforpeopletowellrest.A.People'shealthissodifferent.BThetwonightswereaweekapart.C.Youdon'tsleepverywellinanewplace.D.Forsome,thisresearchmaybecalming.E.Monitoringvolunteersstrictlyisnecessary.F.Probablythebrainkeepspeoplereadyfortroubleinanewplace.G.Sotheydon'tknowifthelefthemispherekeeps"watch"allnight.第二部分语言知识运用<共两节,满分45分>第一节<共20小题；每小题1.5分,满分30分>阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项<A、B、C和D>中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。RodneySmithisamanonamission<使命>.Heisgoingona21.___________thatwilltakehimtoeverystateinthenation,mowinglawns<修剪草坪>fortheelderly,22_,andsinglemomsfreeofcharge.Smithwas23.______computerscienceatAlabamaA&MUniversityin2016whenhecameacrossa24._______citizenmowinghislawn.After25._______tohelptheoldmanfinishthework,hislife26._______anewpath.Smithwentonto27._______theRaisingMenLawnCareService<RMLCS>,28._______inHuntsville,Alabama.Theorganizationtrainschildren,teachingthemaboutservingtheircommunitiesandlawnmower29._______duringtheoperation.Akey30.______ofRMLCSisits50-yardchallenge,whichsetsa31.________forchildrennationwidetomow50lawns32._______intheircommunity.Whenakidsignsupforthechallenge,thegroupsendsthemawhiteshirtwiththeRaisingMenlogo.Theparticipants33.______adifferentcoloredshirtafterevery10thlawntheymow."Sincethischallengestartedin2016,12kidshavealready34._______thechallenge,"Smithsaid."Andwe35.______have130kidsworldwidetakingpartinthischallenge.EventheQueenofEnglandtook36._______--onbehalfofHerMajesty,thegovernorofBermuda37._______Smithwithanawardlastyear.Lastyear,Smithwatcheda38._______ofamantravelingtheworldperformingrandomactsof39._______ontheway.Thevideo40._________himtocomeupwiththe50States50Lawnscampaign,forwhichhetraveledtoall50statestomowlawnsforfreeinMay2017.Now,in2018,he'sontheroadagain.21.A.raceB.nightC.voyageD.trip22.A.disabledB.thrilledC.touchedD.delighted23.AcelebratingB.attackingC.studyingD.conveying24.AjuniorB.seniorC.strangeD.special25.A.pretendingB.stoppingC.managingD.failing26.AagreedonB.reliedonC.hungonD.tookon27.A.createB.callC.assistD.design28.A.setB.basedC.buriedD.absorbed29.A.dignityB.equalityC.identityD.safety30.A.figureB.instrumentC.componentD.link31.A.deadlineB.recordC.goalD.limit32.A.forfreeB.atwillConpurposeD.inplace33.A.achieveB.receiveC.purchaseD.spot34.AendedB.visitedC.attemptedDpletely35.A.currentlyB.eventuallyC.properlyD.specially36.A.adviceB.actionC.noticeD.advantage37.A.presentedB.decoratedC.equippedD.packed38.A.showB.programC.videoD.campaign39.A.happinessB.kindnessC.sadnessD.business40.A.persuadedB.inspiredCurgedD.permitted第二节<共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分>阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式TeachershortagesinAmericahavereallybecomean41_________<increase>problem.Acollectionoffactors-lowteachersalaries,challengingworking42_________<condition>--havebeendrivingmanypeopleoutoftheprofessionanddiscouragingpeople43._________joining.First,thenumberofnewteachersenteringthefieldeveryyearisnotkeepingupwithdemand.Thereare44.____________<simple>notenoughyoungpeopledecidingtheywanttobeteachers.It'sreportedthatthere'sadecreaseownerofalmost240,000professionalsontheirwaytotheclassroomintheyear2014,as45.______________<compare>with2009.Atthesametime,certificate<有合格证的>teachers46.___________<flee>theprofessionnow,manydrivenoutby47.__________poorwagesortoughworkingchallenges.Inthe48.___________<absent>ofareliablesupplyofteachersthroughtraditionalpathways,manydistrictsrelyonshort-termsubstitutes.Butstudieshavefoundthatunder-preparedteachersaremorelikelytoleavetheprofession.Anditisoftenlow-incomeandminoritystudents49.__________aremostaffectedbyshortagesandunder-preparedteachers.Officialdatashowsthatdistrictsservingchildrenofcoloremployabout4timesmoreuncertificatedteachersthandistrictsservingfewstudentsofcolor.It50.___________<believe>thatrecruitingyoungpeopleisavitalpartofalong-termstrategyforaddressingteachershortages.Thereissomuchmorewecandotoincreasethesupply.第三部分写作<共两节,满分35分>第一节短文改错<共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分>假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句最多有两处,每处错误仅涉与一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号<∧>,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线<\>划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误与其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处,多者<从第11处起>不计分。OurclassinvitedafamousartisttoteachuswhattodrawalotusinChinesepaintingonlastSunday.Themomenttheartistcameintotheclassroom,hegivenusawarmwelcome,whichmadehimhappily.Allofusworebigsmile.First,heshowedussomeskillsofdrawingalotus.Wewatchedhimcarefularoundhim.Theneachofusmadetheattempttodoitbyourselvesunderthecarefulinstructionofhim.Finally,becauseofmyexcellentperform,Iwasawarded"OutstandingYoungArtist".Lookedattheaward,Ifeltveryexcited.Throughthisexperience.weareboth,amazedatChinesepaintings.第二节书面表达<满分25分>假定你是李华,想邀请留学生Davd一起参加即将在你市举办的国际风筝各节请给他写一封电子,内容包括：1.活动时间,地点；2.活动内容。注意:1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________XX省2018—2019高三年级期末质量检测考试英语参考答案A本文是一篇应用文。本文是一则Sanaga-Yong大猩猩避难所招聘志愿者的广告1。D细节理解题。根据"helpingthecaregivingstaffwiththecareandfeedingofourchimpanzees"可知志愿者在大猩猩避难所可以协助避难所员工给大猩猩喂食。2。A推理判断题。根据"Qualificationsorlengthofstaymaybenegotiatedforapplicantswithprofessionalveterinaryormedicaltraining"可知有专业兽医或接受过医疗训练背景的专业人士会更受欢迎3。D细节理解题。根据"Therequirementsforthisopportunityareaminimun6-monthstay,25yearsofageorolder"可知25岁以上的人才有资格参加这个志愿活动,故D项正确。B本文是一篇记叙文。乌兹别克斯坦著名体操名将OksanaChusovitina连续参加了七届奥运会。如今她又以43岁的"高龄"参加了2018年亚运会,并取得了鞍马亚军的成绩。4.D标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了连续七届参加奥运会的乌兹别克斯坦著名体操名将OksanaChusovitina以43岁的"高龄"参加2018年亚运会并取得亚军的故事。故D项最佳。5。C推理判断题。根据第三段"What'sevenmoreimpressiveisthatthegymnast…missedthegoldbyone-tenthofapoint"可知这名体操运动员仅以0.1分之差痛失了鞍马项目的金牌,可以判断她得的是银牌。6。A细节理解题。根据第四段"Germany--whereshemovedforafewyearstogethersontreatmentforleukemia"可知Chusovitina代表德国参加奥运会是为了给她儿子在德国治疗白血病7。B推理判断题。根据最后一段"wehavelittledoubtshewil"可以判断作者对于Chusovitina取得2020年奥运会的参赛资格是充满信心的。C本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲的巴祖莱村里凶猛的鳄鱼和人类长期地和平相处,这一和谐现象吸引了无数游客慕名而来。8。B细节理解题。从第二段的内容可知,十五世纪,在一次大旱中,摩西人<Themossi>外出寻找水源,跟随鳄鱼找到一个水塘。从此便在那里定居并把村庄叫作巴祖莱<Bazoule>。这就是摩西人世代感激鳄鱼的原因。故答案选B项。9。C推理判断题。从第四段的内容可知,在巴祖莱村,妇女在水塘里洗衣服或收割植物,孩子们在水域附近玩耍,他们都不会受到鳄鱼的伤害。这说明在巴祖莱村,人类和鳄鱼和平相处。故答案选C项。10。B推理判断题。从最后两段尤其是最后一段的"Lowerannualrainfallmeansthatthepondisatriskofdisappearing"可知,因为全球气候变暖,降雨量逐年减少,水塘面临消失的风险,鳄鱼也将失去家园。故答案选B项11。A主旨大意题。在非洲的巴祖莱村,鳄鱼和人类和平相处。许多游客慕名而来,他们可以像村民一样接近的鱼。结合四个选项可知、A项最能概括文章的大D本文是议论文。研究表明,完成任务时有人旁观,你的表现可能会更好。12.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的"…whileothersliveinfearofgrowingnervousinfrontofanaudienceduringapublicevent斂芍行┤硕疾蛔栽诓煌家夤ぷ魇北晃Ч鄣脑蚴撬堑Ｐ幕峤粽牛岵蛔栽凇£13。D词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词后面的内容可知,当有人旁观时,脑部和社会焦虑与奖赏相关的部分就会刺激脑部掌握运动技能的部分,从而提高他们在执行技能性任务时的表现。由此推测,Incentive"刺激,激励"。14。B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Theparticipantsperformedthetaskbothinfrontofanaudienceoftwoandwithnoonewatching"可知,实验要对比参与者在没有观众和有观众两种情境下打游戏的表现。由此推知,他们每个人都至少把这个游戏玩了两遍。15。C推理判断题。根据最后一段的实验结果和Chib博士的解释内容可知,少数人旁观造成的焦虑可以让人表现得更好,但是旁观者一旦变多,人们就会变得更加焦虑,结果可能会适得其反,所以观众的多少会影响表现。七选五本文是一篇说明文。你在陌生环境中是否会难以入睡?很多人是这样的。研究人员发现当人们试图在一个陌生环境中睡觉时,大脑的一半比另一半更加清醒,这就是难以入睡的原因。16.F前面提与大脑的一半比另一半活跃,此处解释原因,因此选F。17.C本段的ifyouchangeyourpillow,youcan'tsleep与本句话表达相同的意思,且后文的it暗示了该题的答案。18.B前文提与了两个晚上,后面提与的是第一个晚上的情况,因此此处讲述两个晚上的具体情况,符合前后文的衔接。19.G依据orwhetherit