DB43-T 2901-2024 非典型暴雨过程划分规范

ICS

91.120.40CCS

K

43湖 南 省 地 方 标 准DB43/T

2901—2024非典型暴雨过程划分规范Standard

for

classification

of

atypical

rainstorm

process2024

-

01

-

09

发布

2024

-

-

实施湖南省市场监督管理局

发

布DB43/T

— 前言························································································································

Ⅲ1

·····················································································································12

规范性引用文件······································································································13

术语和定义············································································································14

非典型暴雨过程划分································································································

24.1 非典型暴雨过程的分型·······················································································24.2 非典型暴雨过程划分··························································································

2附录

A（资料性）

········································································································4附录

B（资料性）

········································································································5附录

C（资料性）

········································································································7参考文献····················································································································8DB43/T

— 本文件按照

GB/T

—《标准化工作导则 第

1

部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。本文件由湖南省气象局提出。本文件由湖南省气象标准化技术委员会归口。本文件起草单位：湖南省气象台。本文件主要起草人：许霖、姚倩、龙晴柔、刘稚舟、唐佳、张海、卢姝、付小霞、桑友伟、周莉、王璐。IIIDB43/T

—IVDB43/T

—1

本文件规定了湖南非典型暴雨过程的划分标准。本文件适用于湖南气象预报、决策气象服务、风险评估等业务和科学研究。2

规范性引用文件文件。GB/T

28592—2012 降水量等级GB

31221—2014气象探测环境保护规范 地面气象观测站DB43/T

2074—2021 降水过程划分3

术语和定义下列术语和定义适用于本文件。3.1降水量 渗透、流失而在水平面上积聚的深度，规定以毫米（mm）为深度单位。[来源：GB/T

28592—2012，2.1，有修改]3.2暴雨 rainstorm24

小时降水量大于或等于

50

毫米且小于

毫米的降水事件。[来源：GB/T

28592—2012，2.1，有修改]3.3大暴雨 24

小时降水量大于或等于

100

毫米且小于

250

毫米的降水事件。[来源：GB/T

28592—2012，2.1，有修改]3.4特大暴雨

rain24

小时降水量大于或等于

250

毫米的降水事件。[来源：GB/T

28592—2012，2.1，有修改]3.5站数 降水事件中出现某一等级降水量级的站数，仅指国家地面气象观测站。DB43/T

—[来源：DB43/T

2074—，术语和定义

3.5，有修改]3.6地面气象观测站

关部门和省、自治区、直辖市其他有关部门设立的地面气象观测场所。[来源：GB/T

31221—

术语和定义

2.1]3.7非典型暴雨 non-typical

日降水量大于或等于

50

锋或西南低涡影响。4

非典型暴雨过程划分4.1 非典型暴雨过程的分型流形势如下：（1）高空冷涡型降雨区域。（2）弱天气尺度型a.

西南气流类：高空槽位置较远或浅槽过境，500

受槽前西南气流控制，副高主体偏南，位于我国东南沿海一带，

hPa

和

hPa

为西南气流，多数达急流等级，边界层

925

hPa

部分有弱雨。b.

副热带高压内部类：7

月副热带高压西伸北抬，控制湖南大部分地区。低层有弱切变影响，急切变或地面辐合线作用下产生暴雨。c.

副热带高压南侧类：8

月副热带高压进一步北抬，脊线位于华北地区，湖南处于副热带高压南部，

受低值系统影响，

或

受弱暖式切变影响，暴雨通常出现在弱暖式切变或地面辐合线附近。（3）高架对流型25

°N

到

°N

的中纬度地区有一支深厚的西风槽，低槽前部

上有较强的西南急流，急流轴呈西南—东北走向，副热带高压位于华南南部地区，其北侧有西南风往北输送，有较强的暖平流；地面在冷空气的影响下，锋区等温线比较密集，强降水区域位于锋区以北约

200

km。筛选的非典型暴雨所用气象资料清单见附录

A

B

C。4.2 非典型暴雨过程划分

中所述三种类型之一，DB43/T

—下三个条件中至少一项：（1）出现≧4

站暴雨或以上量级的降水；（2）出现≧3

站暴雨或以上量级的降水，且至少有一站大暴雨；（3）出现≧2

站大暴雨或以上量级降水，且至少有一站特大暴雨。500hPa

925hPaDB43/T

—附

录 A（资料性）表表

A.1非典型暴雨个例资料清单19/04/201001/06/201014/06/201015/12/20102312/05/20112501/10/20111030/05/201203/09/201225/05/20141210/09/201401/11/201420/02/201504/04/201520/04/201527/05/201511/06/20151018/06/201513/08/201531/10/201508/11/201512/11/20151705/12/20151305/05/201615/05/201612/06/201607/08/201609/09/2016DB43/T

—附

录B（资料性）表

表

B.1非典型暴雨过程及天气类型20/10/20161319/11/201620/09/201705/08/201823/09/201825/01/202015/02/202003/04/202029/05/202007/06/202010/09/202026/09/2020DB43/T

—表

B.1表

B.1 非典型暴雨过程及天气类型（续）DB43/T

—附

录 C（资料性）表

C.1湖南省国家地面气象观测站信息湖南省5764057655 57562 576635777157740 57758 57760 57868 57678576425775257766 5796657575578415785357768 57763 5787257745 57744 57661 57870577765764957544 57969 577745797457842 5764359063 579755797857845 57554 57865579715787557743575585796557666 579735764657851 57866 578715768757749 5776757962576745787657846 5756457566 5787457773577545766957762 57772 5777757658 57867 57662575775767357657 578605776957671 5797657857 57761 5756557574 5777857889 57972 5788757680 575845767957981 57881 57779 5