情态动词完整版本

WINTERTemplate情态动词表达允许…请求命令猜测意愿WINTERTemplate常用情态动词can/couldbeabletomay/mightneedmust/havetoshouldoughttohadbetterwill/wouldshall/shouldPromisesmustbekeptandactionsmustberesolute.言必行,行必果。情态动词特征：1.后接动词原形2.不能单独做谓语3.无人称和数的变化0102情态动词考点展示基本意义根据语境准确使用常用问答语03一.can/could/beableto+动词原形

Canyouplaythepiano?Langlangcouldplaythepianowellwhenhewasonlythreeyearsold.1.表能力、能够05Canyouteachmetoplayvolleyball?Couldyouteachmetoplayvolleyball?2.can表请求和许可语气更委婉6CanIborrowyourpen?Iamsureyoucan'tplayitwell.3.表客观可能性或推测。用于否定或疑问句。Can’t:肯定不。用于否定句中，语气非常强烈。WINTERTemplate7---IsMr.Smithinhisofficenow?---No,he_____there.Isawhiminthelibraryaminuteago.A.maybe B.canbeC.mustn‘tbe D.can'tbe√04Areyouabletoswim?IwasnotabletobutIamabletonow.Ifheworksharder,he’ll

beabletopassthenextexam.beableto（能）+动词原形。有人称,数和时态的变化8Can的其他用法Ican'thelpcryingafterreadingthenews.can‘thelpdoing：情不自禁…Wecouldbutstayhereuntiltheycame.canbut：只好Youcannotbetoocarefultocomeacrosstheroad.cannot...too：无论怎样...都不过分9二.may/might表示正式的请求或许可--MayIhaveadancewithyou?--Yes，youmay./No,youcan’t/mustn’t.10---Excuseme,wherearewegoingtohaveourclassmeeting?---Iamnotsure.Askourmonitor,please.He____know.A.canB.mayC.needD.would1.表可能性may表示推测时语气不十分肯定；might口气委婉。把握更小。√11

万事顺利Mayallgoeswellwithyou.万事如意

Mayallyourheart'swishesbefulfilled.祝你年年有今日/青春永驻。2.may表祝愿Maymanyhappyreturnsoftheday.12*maybe/maybeHemaybe

ourEnglishteacher.=Maybe

he

is

ourEnglishteacher.=Perhaps

he

is

ourEnglishteacher.13肯定式：I/we/you/they/thestudents/havetodo…She/he/it/Tom/hastodo…They/she/ithadtodo…否定式：don’thaveto/doesn’thaveto/didn’thaveto…疑问式：Do/does/did+主语+动词原形--DoIhavetogowithhim?--No,youdon’thaveto/youneedn’t.Haveto与musthaveto

有人称，数和时态的变化。而must没有。haveto

表客观需要，而must表主观看法。WINTERTemplate14Wemustkeepourword.It‘sgettingdark.Ihavetobeoffnow.说话人主观上必须...客观（外界原因）造成的，必须...有人称和时态变化。13Youmustnot(mustn‘t)smokehere.Youmustn’ttakephotoshere.Youmustn’ttakepetsin.15Hespeakssoaccuratelythathemustbetrainedbefore.他说得如此准确，以前肯定受过训练。Sheboughtahousewithagarden.Itmustbeexpensive.她买了一套带花园的房子。一定很贵。3.must：表推测（十分肯定）“一定…，肯定…”16---ItmustbeJohnwhoisintheoffice.---I’msureit_____beJohn.Isawhimatthebusstopjusttwentyminutesago.A.won‘t B.mustn'tC.can‘t D.needn't√17Shallwetalk?我们谈谈好吗？Weshouldtellhimthetruth.我们应该告诉他真相。should=oughtto(should:主观原因；oughtto：客观原因)Asstudents,weshouldstudyhard.Heoughttobepunishedbecausehebrokethelaw.三.shall

表征求意见；should表应该WINTERTemplate18Shallwedance?The14thprinceiswaitingoutside.Shallhecomein,King?1.shall用于一、三人称疑问句。征求意见或请求。19Ifyoudowellinyourstudy,youshallgetagift.Heshallbepunishedforwhathehasdone.2.二、三人称：表说话人给对方的许诺、命令...203.should与oughtto

should较主观的含义而oughtto更为客观，表示一种社会公德方面的义务。Asstudents,we

shouldlearnstudyhard.作为学生，我们应该努力学习。Yououghttolistentoyourparents.你应该听父母的话。21should表示一种友好的忠告，而oughtto却是一种训示或警告。You

should

dogoodtoothers.你应该对人行善。Yououghtnottosmoke.你不应该吸烟。22我们应该每天练习说英语。We_________practisespeakingEnglisheveryday.在学校，我们应该值日。We___________beondutyatschool.她不应该违反校规。She________________breaktheschoolrules.她不应该花那么多钱买衣服。She____________spendsomuchmoneyonclothes.shouldoughttooughtnottoshouldn’t24四.will/would意愿和我跳舞好吗？Willyoudancewithme?请递给我那支笔好吗？Wouldyoupleasepassmethatpen?will用于第二人称疑问句，表请求或征求意见，would语气委婉WINTERTemplate25我愿意在这儿等你Iwillberightherewaitingforyou.我答应如果他救了我弟弟的命，我就跟他走。IpromisedthatIwouldgowithhimifhesavedmybrother.表意愿，（would用于过去情况）26Oil_____floatonthewater.Man_____diewithoutwater.may B.canC.must D.will表示必然“注定会”DD27Wereallyneedtotalk.Doweneedtotalk?Wedon'tneedtotalk.Needwetalk?Weneedn'ttalk.做情态动词时用于否定和疑问句。实义动词五.Need需要28

我不需要在字典里查这个字。

Idon’tneedtolookup

thiswordinthedictionary.

Ineedn’tlookup

thiswordinthedictionary.

你需要在字典里查一查这个字吗？

Doyouneedtolookupthiswordinthedictionary?

Needyoulookupthiswordinthedictionary?29六.hadbetter+动词原形hadbetterdosth

hadbetternotdosth

外面很冷。你最好穿上我的大衣。Itisprettycold.You'dbetterputonmycoat.外面雨很大，你最好别出去。Itisraininghardoutside.You’dbetternotgoout.30七.情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+过去分词eg.1.Theclassroommust____everyday.clean B.becleanedC.tobeclean D.cleaning2.____thejob_____thisevening?Can;finish B.Can;finishitC.Can;finished D.Can;befinished*3.Theradioneeds______.A.repair B.torepairC.repairingBCC31八.dare用于否定，疑问和条件句中。daretododaredodarenotdodon’t/doesn’tdaretodo…Shedoesn‘tdare(to可以省略)meetherteacher’seyes.她不敢和老师对视。31dare可用作实意动词和情态动词，用作情态动词时，意思是“敢”，其后接动词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及if或whether之后，一般不用于肯定句：你敢告诉她事实真相吗?Dareyoutellherthetruth?（实意）

我不知他是否敢试一试。Idon’tknowwhetherhedaretry.（情态）

我不敢要求她加薪Idaren’taskherforarise.【注】Idaresay是习惯说法(用于肯定句)。常译为“很可能”、“大概”、“我想”等。

31dare的过去式问题情态动词dare可以有过去式dared，但也可以直接用dare表示过去式，或后接动词完成式：Thatwaswhyhedareddoso.那就是他为什么敢这样做的原因。Motherdare(d)nottellfathershe’dgivenawayhisoldjacket.母亲不敢告诉父亲她把他的旧上衣送人了。我不喜欢他们的新房子，虽然我没敢这样说过。Ididn’tliketheirnewhousethoughIdaren’thavesaidso.

32九.常用问答语--MayIhaveadancewithyou?--Yes,youmay.--No,youmustn‘t/can’t/maynot--Canyoufeelmyheart?--Yes,Ican.--No,Ican't.33--MustIreplytoyourightaway?--Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't./don'thaveto.--NeedIgetyouaglassofwater?--Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't./don'thaveto.34--Willyouhaveatalkwithme?--Yes,Iwill.--No,Iwon't/can't.-CouldIuseyourphone?Yes,ofcourseyoucan.(肯定回答不能用could)--ShallIhaveatalkwithyou?--Yes,youcan.--No,youcan't.35--Who

can

itbe?---It

must

beMr

Hu.Iknowhimwell.---It

maybeMr

Hu,but

Iamnotsure.---It

can’tbeMr

Hu,Isawhiminthelibraryjustnow.表示猜测:must用于肯定猜测，can用于否定疑问猜may表示不确定猜测Practice1._______Iwaittillhecomesback?No,you______.3.___yourideabike?--No,I____.4.______Igohomenow?--No,you______stayhere.5._______youliketohelpme?Yes,I_________.Mustneedn’tCancan’tMaymustCouldcan6.Mymotherisill.I____stayathomeandlookafterher.7.____Iuseyourcar?--Yes,you___.8._____Ibeginourclassnow?--Yes,please.mustMaycanShall9.You_______returnthebooknow.You______keepittillnextweek.10.--_____Ileavethisdooropenatnight?--No,you______________.11.Who’sthatgirlover