初二英语复习(三)宾语从句

初二英语复习(三)宾语从句(TheObjectClause)一、在复合句中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句，它有三种类型。(一)由that引导的宾语从句。这种宾语从句中的that本身没有词义在口语或非正式文体中可以省略。例如：1.Ihope(that)hewillcometomorrow.我希望他明天来。2.Hesaid(that)hewouldstudyEnglishharderthanbefore.他说他将比以前更努力地学英语。(二)同连接代词who,whose,what,which和连接副词how,whenwhere引导的宾语从句。这些连词在句中作成分，有实际意义不能省略。例如：1.Idon'tknowwhoheis.我不知道他是谁。2.Couldyoutellmewhoseroomthisis?你能告诉我这是谁的房间吗？3.HeaskedmewhichclassIwasin.他问我在哪个班。4.Wedidn'tknowwhenwewouldmeet.我们不知道我们将在哪儿见面。5.PleasetellmehowIcanusethecomputer,willyou?请你告诉我怎样使用计算机好吗？(三)由连词wether或if引导的宾语从句。例如：1.Theteacheraskedmeif/whetherIcouldanswerthisquestion.老师问我是否能回答这个问题。2.Wedon'tknowif/whetherhehasbeentoTheGreatWall.我们不知道他是否去过长城。二、宾语从句需要注意的几个问题(一)宾语从句是陈述句不是疑问句，要用陈述句语序。(二)含有宾语从句的复合句主句是过去时宾语从句要用过去时态——一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时和过去完成时。(*但主句是其他时态时，宾语从句根据需要可用任何时态。)例如：1.Hesaidthathehadneverseensuchanexcitingmatchbefore.他说他以前从来没有看过这样一场激动人心的比赛。(主句一般过去时，宾语从句过去完成时)2.Ididn'tknowwhathernamewas.我不知道他叫什么名字。(主句一般过去时，宾语从句一般过去时)3.Iheardthattheywouldplayagainstthegirls'team.我听说他们将要和女生队比赛。(主句一般过去时，宾语从句过去将来时)*当宾语从句是客观真理时，无论主句是什么时态宾语从句都要用一般现在时。例如：1.Theteachertoldthemthatlighttravelsfasterthanthesound.老师告诉他们光速比声速快。2.Thelittlechilddidn'tknowtheearthgoesroundthesun.那小孩不知道地球是绕着太阳转的。(三)只能用whether不能用if的几种情况：1.whether可以直接和ornot连用，if不可。Idon'tknowwhetherornothecanpasstheexam.我不知道他是否能通过这次考试。2.whether引导的宾语从句可放在句首，if不能。Whetherhecango,I'mnotsure.他是否能去，我不肯定。3.whether还可以引导主语从句放在句首，if不能。Whetherhecanpasstheexamistillaquestion.他是否能通过这次考试仍然是个问题。(四)think,believe,expect,suppose等动词后面接宾语从句要表达否定意义时，要在主句的谓语动词上来表现。例如：1.Idon'tthinkthathenscanswim.我认为鸡不会游泳。2.Wedon'tbelievethattheycanfinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.我们确信在这么短的时间内他们完不成这项工作。(五)动词think的主语是第一人称时，反意疑问句要根据宾语从句来做。例如：1.Ithinkthatheisright,isn'the?我认为他是对的，是不是？2.Wedon'tthinkthatitisgoingtorain,isit?我们觉得不会下雨，是吗？宾语从句专项练习一、翻译句子.1.恐怕你不能在这儿吸烟。I'msure______________________________.2.我不知道他在干什么。Idon'tknow____________________________.3.她告诉我她很忙。Shetoldme_________________________________.4.我想知道我是不是应该走。Iwonder____________________________.5.我想乘火车旅行，既安全又便宜。Ithink_______________________.6.你父母希望他将来成为一名科学家。Hisparentshope____________.7.请告诉我电影院的出口在哪儿好吗？Couldyoutellme__________.8.老师问我是否能算出这道问题。Theteacheraskedme____________.9.我正在考虑我们是否该去郊游。I_______________________________.10.我不能确定我什么时候能去那儿度假。I'mnotsure_____________.二、选择填空1.Idon'tknow____next.A.howtodoB.whattodoitC.whatIshoulddoD.howIshoulddo2.Canyoutellme____?A.whoisthatmanB.whothatmanisC.thatmaniswhoD.whomisthatman3.He____intheEnglishexam.A.believesthathecan'tfailB.believesthathecouldn'tfailC.doesn'tbelieveheshouldn'tfailD.doesn'tbelievehehasfailed4.Iwanttoknow____.A.whatishisnameB.what'shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis5.Pleasetellus____,willyou?A.whentheplanewillleaveB.whenwilltheplaneleaveC.whendoestheplanesleaveD.whentheplaneleave6.I'llwritedown____.A.howyoucandoitB.howtodoC.howcanyoudoitD.howdoyoudoit7.Couldyoupleasetellme____?A.whichgatehavewetogotoB.whichwegotogateC.whichgatewehavetogotoD.whichgateweshallgo8.Theycan'texplain____thefishandthetreesaroundthelakeA.that,arediedB.why,aredeadC.why,dieD.whether,hasbeendead9.Ididn'tknowthathe____toLondonnextweek.A.willflyB.wouldflewC.wouldflyD.flew10.Heaskedme____.A.ifIcouldgowithhimB.whethercouldIgowithhimC.thatIcangowithhimD.whatplaceIcangowithhim三、改写句子1.Hecan'tdecidewhichcomputertochoose.Hecan'tdecide____________________.2.IhopethatIwillbeaexplorersomeday.Ihope________aexplorersomeday.3.Wedidn'thearhiswordsclearly.Wecan'thear____________clearly.4.Couldyoutellmehowtogettothecinema?Couldyoutellme____________________thecinema?5.Idon'tknowifyouwanttosaysomethingatthemeeting.Idon'tknowifyouhave____________atthemeeting.四、完形填空Johnlikedchocolatesverymuch,buthismothernevergivehim1,becausetheywere2forhisteeth,shethought.ButJohnhadanicegrandfather.Theoldman3hisgrandsonverymuch,andsometimeshe4Johnsomechocolateswhenhecame5him.Thenhismotherlethim

6them,7shewantedtomaketheoldmanhappy.Oneevening,afewdaysbeforeJohn'sseventhbirthday,hewassayingprayers(祈祷词)beforehewenttobed“Please,God,”heshout,“8themgivemeabigboxofchocolatesformybirthday

9onSaturday.”Hismotherwasinthekichen,butsheheardthesmallboyshoutandwhenintohisbedroomquickly.“10areyoushouting,John?”sheaskedherson,“Godcanhearyouwhenyoutalkquietly.”“Iknow.”answerthecleverboyatonce,“butGrandfather'sinthenexroom,andhecan't.”()1.A.someB.somethingC.anyD.anything()2.A.goodB.badC.worseD.nottidy()3.A.lovedB.wantedC.pleasedD.thoughtabout()4.A.tookB.broughtC.gotD.passed()5.A.seeB.sawC.visitD.tovisit()6.A.tohaveB.tokeepC.eatD.want()7.A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.so()8.A.AskB.MakeC.WantD.Tell()9.A.onB.atC.inD.for()10.A.HowB.WhyC.WhereD.When五、阅读短文，选择正确答案。Basketballisstillayounggamethoughitisoverahundredyearsold.Intheyearof1891,acertaincollagewashavingsometroublewithitsboystudents.Theweatherwasverybad.Theyhadtostayindoors.Astheycouldnottakepartintheirusualoutdoorsports,theywereunhappy,andsomeofthemevengotintofightsfromtimetotime.Finally,someoftheteachersatthecollegecalledDr.Naismithtoinventagamesothatthestudentsmighthavesomethingtoplayat.Itwasnoteasytoinventagamebecauseithadtobeplayedindoors,andthecourt(场地)wasnotverylarge.Dr.Naismiththoughtforafewdaysandinventedakindofaballgame.Itwasafast,excitinggamewithmuchmovingandpassingoftheball.Usuallytwoteamsplayedthegame.Inordertomakeascore,theballhadtobethrownintoabaskedtenfeetabovetheflooronthewall.Ateachendofthecourttherewassuchabasket.Atfirst,Dr.Naismithhadplannedtohavetheballthrownintoabox.Ashecouldnotfindtheboxoftherightsize,hehadtousefruitbasketDr.Naismithputtwofruitbasketsonthewallsofbothsides.Therewerenineplayersoneachside.Theplayerstriedtothrowtheballintothebaskets.Therewerenoholesinthebottom(底部)ofthebasketswhenaballwentintothebasket,itstaythere.Thegamehadtostop.Aplayerhadtoclimbuptogettheballout.Later,peopleusednetbaskets.Nowonlytenmembersplaythegame.Therearefiveplayersoneachside.Basketballtodayisplayedinmanycountries.()1.Thearticletellus____.A.whatbasketballisB.howbasketballisinventedC.whypeoplelikebasketballD.whoplayedbasketball()2.Theword“indoors”means____.A.inthedoorB.insidetheroomC.inmanydoorsD.insidethedoors()3.Whenastudentthrewaballintothebasket____.A.hemadeascoreB.thebasketitselfwillbenouseC.helostthegameD.hemadeaholeinthebuttomofthebasket()4.Thegamegotitsnamefrom____.A.theballitselfB.thebasketit