定语从句专练

定语从句Youreachapointwheremedicinecan’thelp.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。Tothosesuccessfuldeafdancers,dancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanhearing.对对那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员来说，舞蹈是一种视觉比听觉重要的活动。Hegotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。It’sputmeinapositionwhereIcan’taffordtotakethejob.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。总结：地点名词或者situation,point,activity,case,position等抽象名词用关系副词where.Tothosesuccessfuldeafdancers,dancingisanactivity sightmattersmorethanhearing.（07天津卷）A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.whereToday,we’lldiscussanumberofcases beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.（07陕西卷）A.whichB.asC.whyD.whereAftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer shehadtodecidewhattodo.（07江西卷）A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句.“介词+which”在关系分句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相对应的关系副词when,where和why。如：Istillrememberthedayonwhich(=when)Ifirstcametoschool,我仍然记得初来学校的那一天。Thefactoryinwhich(=where)Iworkisalargeone,我工作的工厂是一个大厂子。Thisisthereasonforwhich(=why)hewasputinprison.这就是他为什么被关起来的原因。.“复合介词+which(指物)/whom(指人)”在关系分句中作地点状语，表示存相关系，关系分句主谓常须倒装。如：Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.他们来到一处农舍，前边坐着一个小男孩。Isawaman,ontheheadofwhomstoodabird.我看见一个人，他的头上有一只鸟。3.“不定代词(some,all,most,few,none)/名词/形容词比较级/最高级或数词+of+which(指物)/whom(指人)”在关系分句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。如：Chinahasalotofislands,oneofwhichisTaiwan.中国有很多岛屿，其中之一是台湾岛。Therearealotofstudentshere,noneofwhomlikethefilm.这里有很多学生，他们之中无人喜欢这部电影。选用介词的依据：根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。例如：YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLakeforwhichHangzhouisfamous.根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。例如：Theoldwomanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowisafamousartist.根据句子的意思来选择。例如：Thenaughtyboymadeaholeinthewallthroughwhichhecouldseewhatishappeningoutside.（4）表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。例如：Ihaveabout20books,halfofwhichwerewrittenbyBingXin,thefamouswriter.（二）在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用（短语拆开后含义发生变化），如lookafter,lookfor等。例如：Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.（正）Thebabiesafterwhomthenursesarelookingareveryhealthy.（误）限制性与非限制性定语从句Theoldwomanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowisafamousartist.Therearealotofstudentshere,noneofwhomlikethefilm.DoyourememberthegirlwhotaughtusEnglish？Wewalkeddownthevillagestreet，wheretheywerehavingmarketday.区别点限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句从句与先行词的关系从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，省去主句意思不完整从句只是对主句的附加说明，如果省去，主句意思不完整。标点无逗号有逗号关系词关系代词做宾语可省略做宾语不能省；不能用that引导先行词名词或代词名词或代词或整个句子例1.他送给他母亲一台彩电作为生日礼物，这使她非常高兴。误：HegavehismotheracolorTVsetforherbirthday，thatpleasedheralot.正：HegavehismotheracolorTVsetforherbirthday，whichpleasedheralot.例2.他没通过这次考试，令我很失望。误：Hedidn'tpasstheexam，thatdisappointedme.正：Hedidn'tpasstheexam，whichdisappointedme.例1.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband，whichfrightenedmeverymuch.一个中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫，这令我十分恐惧例2.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages，whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。Sheheardaterriblenoise， broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.thatHaveyoueverbeentoXi'an， Ilefttenyearsago.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD./Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood， wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itHisEnglish， usedtobeverypoorisnowexcellent.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whomSomeoftheroadswereflooded， makesourjourneymoredifficult.A.thatB.itC.whichD.whoI'llfindanicegirl， Iwanttomarry.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whichI'llcomeatten,I'llbefree.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whatShehastwobrothers,areteachers.A.whoB.thatC.whomD./WhichanswerisNOTtrue?ThisisthefactoryIvisitedyesterday.A.thatB.whichC./D.wherestillrememberthedaysIspentinBeijing.A.whenB.whatC.thatD.duringas,which引导的非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句。Asourteacherpointsout,thatbookisofbenefittoeveryone.Hefailedintheexamagain,whichwasunexpected.Las指前面提到过的事实或情况，可以放在句首、句末，也可以插入主句中，而which指前面提到的事实或情况，一般放在主句之后（有时也可用as）,如:Asourteacherpointsout,thatbookisofbenefittoeveryone.Heatisaformofenergy,asisknowntoallofus.Thismachine,asmightbeexpected,hasstoppedoperating.3..as含有正如、按照、正像之意，一般用在肯定句中，而which则可以用于含否定意义的句子中，如：Hefailedintheexamagain,aswasexpected.Hefailedintheexamagain,whichwasunexpected.下列固定结构，一般不能用which,如：ashasbeensaidbefore如前所述asoftenhappens正像经常发生的那样asiswellknown众所周知aswillbeshowninFig3将如图3所示asweknow正如我们知道的那样asmaybeimagined这可以想像得出来asweallcansee正如我们大家看到的那样asisoftenthecase（情况常常如此）；asfollows如下.（2014北京,26）IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek,myclassmatesrecommendedtome.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.where.（2014江苏,22）Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatworkagoodimpressionisamust.A.whichB.whenC.asD.where.（2014浙江,5）【didn'tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade,Iwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.why.（2014山东,10）Acompanyprofitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.why.（2014福建,31）Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitiestheycangainexperienceforgrowth.A.whoB.whenC.which D.where.（2014安徽,22）TheexactyearAngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.which.（2014重庆,9）WeHreachthesalestargetsinamonthwesetatthebeginningoftheyear.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what.（2014陕1ffi,13）Pleasesendusalltheinformationyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what.（2014江西，28）Amongthemanydangerssailorshavetoface,probablythegreatestofallisfog.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.when（2013•安徽卷・T29）MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2012,madeoneoftheChinesepeople’slong-helddreamscometrue.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which2.（2013・江苏卷•T32）ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina, heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.A.whereB.whichC.what D.when.（2013•山东卷-T31）Thereisnosimpleanswer, isoftenthecaseinscience..（2013•山东卷・T35）Finallyhereachedalonelyislandwascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom.（2013•浙江卷・T5）Thechildren,hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhat B.allofwhichC.allofthem D.allofwhom.（2013•浙江卷・T13）Themuseumwillopeninthespringwithanexhibitionandaviewingplatformvisitorscanwatchthebigglasshousesbeingbuilt.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why.（2013•四川卷•T9）Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment theylive.A.whatB.which C.when D.where.（2013•重庆卷・T24）Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostofarefamilymembers.A.them B.that C.whichD.whom.（2013•辽宁卷・T34）Hemaywinthecompetition,heislikelytogetintothenationalteam.A.inwhichcase B.inthatcaseC.inwhatcase D.inwhosecase.（2013•天津卷・T6）Wehavelaunchedanotherman-madesatellite,isannouncedintoday’snewspaper.A.that B.whichC.who D.what.（2013•福建卷・T27）Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthose liveswereaffected.A.whoseB.that C.who D.which.（2013•北京卷•T27）Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparksanimalsandplantscanbeprotected.A.whenB.whichC.whose D.where.（2013・湖南卷・T21）Happinessandsuccessoftencometothosearegoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which.（2013•江西卷・T33）Hewrotealetterheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.A.what B.whichC.whereD.how.（2013•新课标全国卷I・T33）“Youcan'tjudgeabookbyitscover,".A.asthesayinggoesold B.goesastheoldsayingC.astheoldsayinggoes D.goesasoldthesaying.（2013•新课标全国卷H・T4）（2013•大纲版全国卷・T24）WhenIarrived,BryantookmetoseethehouseIwouldbestaying.A.what B.whenC.whereD.which.（2013•陕西卷-T16）isoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.A.ItB.That C.What D.As.（2012・重庆卷・T29）Salesdirectorisapositioncommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where.（2012.湖南卷・T34）Careofthesoulisagradualprocesseventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.A.whatB.inwhat C.whichD.inwhich.（2012・山东卷・T23）Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothofhavebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.A.themB.thatC.whichD.what.（2012・福建卷・T23）Theairqualityinthecity,isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.A.that B.itC.asD.what.（2012.安徽卷・T29）Alotoflanguagelearning,hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.A.as B.it C.whichD.this.（2012・全国卷H・T8）Thatevening,Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when.（2012・北京卷・T26）Whendeeplyabsorbedinwork,heoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when.（2012・江西卷・T28）By16:30,wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that.（2012・陕西卷・T14）Itisthethirdtimethatshehaswontherace,hassurprisedusall.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what.（2012・天津卷・T7）IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withouthelpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which.（2012・浙江卷・T9）Weliveinanagemoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.A.whyB.whenC.towhomD.onwhich.（2012・浙江卷・T17）Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature,,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom.（2012・江苏卷・T22）Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea, urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what.（2012・四川卷・T13）Inourclassthereare46students,halfwearglasses.A.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem（2011•四川卷•T17）Theschoolshop,customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.whereA.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where（2011•全国卷1•T31）Theprizewillgotothewriterstoryshowsthemostimagination.A．that B．which C．whose D．what（2011•山东卷叮32）Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesarebuiltclosetoeachother.A.they B.where C.what D.that（201卜江西卷•T34）Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.A．forwhich B．withwhich C．ofwhichD．towhich（2011•浙江卷叮8）Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof usesitsomewhatdifferently.A.which B.what C.them D.those（2011•浙江卷叮10）Abankistheplacetheylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.A.when B.thatC.where D.there（2011^陕西卷叮11）Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriends,weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A.which B.where C.who D.that（2011•湖南卷•T25）JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allofshespokefluently.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that（2011•天津卷叮10）Thedaysaregonephysicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.A.when B.that C.whereD.which（2011•上海卷•T39）You'llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.（201卜江苏卷•T24）Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval, theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.A.whenB.where C.that D.which（2011•全国卷【1•T7）TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt, isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A.this B.that C.what D.which（2011•安徽卷叮28）Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator, itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.A.when B.which C.where D.while（2011•福建卷・T24）Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who（2011•福建卷•T33）ItwasApril29,2011PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.before（2011•北京卷・T26）MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers, ,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that（2010・全国卷［T24）Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,isnamedafterhisgra