八年级英语下unit4课件

Unit4HesaidIwashardworking.

【重难点分析】

直接引语和间接引语

(一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。

直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

1.时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said,asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等。例如：

Tomsaidtome,“Mybrotherisdoinghishomework.”→Tomsaidtomethathisbrotherwasdoinghishomework.2.人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化;根据意义进行相应的变化。例如：

SheaskedJack,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”

→SheaskedJackwherehehadbeen.

Hesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”

→Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.(二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。1.陈述句的间接引语陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,通常由that引导,可以省略。“Iwanttheblueone.”hetoldus.“我想要蓝色的。”他说。

Hetoldusthathewantedtheblueone.Shesaidtome,“Youcan’tsettleanythingnow.”

她对我说:“此刻你无法解决任何事情。”→ShetoldmethatIcouldn’tsettleanythingthen.

她对我说那时侯我无法解决任何事。2.疑问句的间接引语直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序,句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。

引述动词常用ask,wonder,wanttoknow,inquire。间接疑问句一般有三种：

(1)一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether或if

引导。

如:“HasheeverworkedinShanghai?”Jimasked.“他在上海工作过吗?”吉姆问。

→Jimaskedwhether/ifhehadeverworkedinShanghai.

吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。“Canyoutellmethewaytothehospital?”Theoldmanasked.

那个老人问:“你能告诉我去医院的路吗？

→TheoldmanaskedwhetherIcouldtellhimthewaytothehospital.

那个老人问我是否能告诉他去医院的路。(2).特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍由原来的疑问词引导。如:“Whichroomdoyoulivein?”Heasked.“你住哪个房间？”他问我。

→HeaskedmewhichroomIlivedin.

他问我住哪个房间。“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?”Sheasked.她问“你怎么看这部电影？”

→Sheaskedherfriendwhatshethoughtofthefilm.

她问她的朋友怎么看这部电影。(3)选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether…or引导。如：“IsityourbikeorTom’s?Mumasked.妈妈问:“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？”

→MumaskedwhetheritwasmybikeorTom’s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。“Doesyoursisterlikebluedressesorgreenones?”Kateasked.“你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的?”凯特问。

→Kateaskedwhethermysisterlikedbluedressesorgreenones.凯特问我的妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的。3.祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,beg,request,order等，而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。

如:Jacksaid,“Pleasecometomyhousetomorrow,Mary.”

杰克说:“玛丽,明天请到我家来。”

→JackaskedMarytogotohishousethenextday.

杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”老师对学生们说：“不要讲话了。”→Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了。“Don’ttouchanything.”Hesaid.“不要碰任何东西。”他说。

→Hetoldusnottotouchanything.

他对我们说不要碰任何东西。4.动词时态和代词等的变动(1).某些代词,限定词,表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则如下：直接引语间接引语today

thatdaynow

then,atthatmomentyesterday

thedaybefore直接引语thedaybeforeyesterday间接引语twodaysbefore直接引语tomorrow

间接引语thenextday/thefollowingday直接引语thedayaftertomorrow

间接引语twodaysafter,/intwodays直接引语nextweek/monthetc

间接引语thenextweek/monthetc直接引语lastweek/monthetc间接引语theweek/monthetc.before直接引语here

间接引语there直接引语间接引语

here

therethis

thatthese

thosecome

gobring

take(2).如果引述动词为现在时形式,则间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下：

现在时间推移到过去的时间,即一般在时变为一般过去时；“Ifeelbettertoday.”Hesaid.“我今天感觉好多了。”他说。→Hesaidthathefeltbetterthatday.他说他那天感觉好多了。现在进行时变为过去进行时；“XiaoMingisdoingsomewashing”Mumsaid.“小明正在洗衣服。”妈妈说。→MumsaidthatXiaoMingwasdoingsomewashing.妈妈说小明正在洗衣服。Sheisveryshy.Lanasaidshewasveryshy.ExercisesHeisunfriendly.Lanasaidhewasunfriendly.Heisfunny.Marciasaidhewasfunny.Heissmart.Marciasaidhewassmart.将直接引语变成间接引语1.Theplumbersaid,“Ican’tfixthebathtubtodaybecauseI’msick”Theplumbersaidhecouldn’tfixthebathtubthatdaybecausehewassick.2.Grandmasaid,“Grandpaisfeelingmuchbettertoday.”GrandmasaidGrandpawasfeelingmuchbetterthatday.

3.Mr.andMrs.Davissaid,“Wewon’tbeabletocometodinnerthisSaturdaynight.”Mr.andMrs.Davissaidtheywouldn’tbeabletocometodinnerthatSaturdaynight.4.Thelandlordsaid,“Ihaven’treceivedthismonth’srentyet.”Thelandlordsaidhehadn’treceivedthatmonth’srentyet.5.CousinSuesaid,“I’msorryIdidn’thavetimetocomeoverandvisitlastSaturday.”CousinSuesaidshewassorryshehadn’thadtimetocomeoverandvisitthepreviousSaturday.Unit4HesaidIwashardworking.Whatisasoapopera?Doyoueverwatchsoapopera?Whataresomesoapoperasyouknow?Whataresomesoapoperasyouknow?Whataresomesoapoperasyouknow?Whataresomesoapoperasyouknow?Whataresomesoapoperasyouknow?Whataresomethingsthathappenonsoapoperas?Whataresomethingsthathappenonsoapoperas?Whataresomethingsthathappenonsoapoperas?Whataresomethingsthathappenonsoapoperas?Whataresomethingsthathappenonsoapoperas?1bListenandnumberthestatements[1-4]inthepicture.234Girl1:WhatdidMarciasay?Girl2:ShesaidshewashavingasurprisepartyforLanaonFridaynight.Girl1:WhatdidMarciasay?Girl2:ShesaidLanathoughtshewascomingtoherhousetostudy.TapescriptGirl1:WhatdidLanasay?Girl2:ShesaidshewasmadatMarcia.Girl1:WhatdidLanasay?Girl2:Shesaidshewasn’tgoingtoMarcia’shouseonFridaynight.1cAskandanswerquestionsaboutwhatthepeopleinthesoapoperasaid.A:Whatdidshesay?B:ShesaidshewashavingasurprisepartyforLanaonFridaynight.2aListenandcircletrueorfalsefor eachstatement.1.BentoldLanathatMarciawasgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforher.truefalse2.Lanasaidshewasn’tmadatMarciaanymore.truefalse3.Lanasaidthatshewouldn’tgotoMarcia’shouseonFridaynight.truefalse4.Marciacalledeveryoneandtoldthemshewasn’tgoingtohavetheparty.truefalse5.LanatoldMarciashewouldbringsomebookstoherhouseonFridaynight.truefalseA:Didyousee“YoungLives”lastnight?B:No,whathappened?A:Well,BentoldLanathatMarciawasgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforher.B:Really?WhatdidLanasay?TapescriptA:Well,Lanawasveryexcited.LanatoldBenthatshewasn’tmadatMarciaanymore,andthatshewouldgotoMarcia’shouseonFridaynightafterall.B:Oh.Thenwhat?A:Marciacalledeveryoneandtoldthemshewasn’tgoingtohavetheparty.B:Oh,no!A:Yeah,thenLanacalledMarciaandtoldherthatshecouldbringsomedrinksandsnackstoherhouseonFridaynight.B:Ohwow…andwhatdidMarciasay?A:ShetoldLanashewouldbeglad…Marcia(is/will)goingtohaveasurprisepartyforyou.I(am/was)notmadatMarciaanymore.I(will/would)gotoMarcia’shouseonFridaynight.I(am/was)notgoingtohavetheparty.I(will/would)bringsomedrinksandsnackstoyourhouse.2cPAIRWORKA:Whathappenedon“YoungLives”lastnight?B:BentoldLanathatMarciawasgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforher.3aReadthenewspaperstory.Fillinthe blanks.“YoungLives”thisweekItwasanexcitingweekforthepeopleonthesoapopera“YoungLives”.Firstofall,MarciatoldBenshe____havingasurprisepartyforLana,andthatLana_______shewasgoingtoherhousetostudy.wasthoughtThenLana___Benshe___madatMarcia,andthatshe_____goingtoherhouseonFriday.SoBentoldLanathatMarciawas_____tohaveapartyforher.LanatoldBenthatshe_____madatMarciaanymore,andthatshe_____gotoMarcia’shouseonFridaynight.However,Marciacalledeveryoneand___themthatshe______goingtohavetheparty.toldwaswasn’tgoingwasn’twouldtoldwasn’t3bImaginethenextepisodeof“Young Lives”.Finishthenewspaperarticle.Lastnighton“YoungLives”,Itwasanexcitingnight.Therewasasurprisingparty.LanasaidshewouldbringsomedrinksandsnackstoMarcia’shouseonFridaynight.ButLanaforgottobringsomethings.Marciawasstillveryglad.ThentheywenttotheparkoutsidetheMarcia’shouse.MarciaandLanaweresurprisedtoseetheirclassmates.Theysmiled.Theneverystudenttookouttheirgifts.Theylaughed,ateanddrank.Howhappytheywere!

【重难点分析】

直接引语和间接引语

(一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。

直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

1.时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said,asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等。例如：

Tomsaidtome,“Mybrotherisdoinghishomework.”→Tomsaidtomethathisbrotherwasdoinghishomework.2.人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化;根据意义进行相应的变化。例如：

SheaskedJack,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”

→SheaskedJackwherehehadbeen.

Hesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”

→Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.(二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。1.陈述句的间接引语陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,通常由that引导,可以省略。“Iwanttheblueone.”hetoldus.“我想要蓝色的。”他说。

Hetoldusthathewantedtheblueone.Shesaidtome,“Youcan’tsettleanythingnow.”

她对我说:“此刻你无法解决任何事情。”→ShetoldmethatIcouldn’tsettleanythingthen.

她对我说那时侯我无法解决任何事。2.疑问句的间接引语直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序,句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。

引述动词常用ask,wonder,wanttoknow,inquire。间接疑问句一般有三种：

(1)一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether或if

引导。

如:“HasheeverworkedinShanghai?”Jimasked.“他在上海工作过吗?”吉姆问。

→Jimaskedwhether/ifhehadeverworkedinShanghai.

吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。“Canyoutellmethewaytothehospital?”Theoldmanasked.

那个老人问:“你能告诉我去医院的路吗？

→TheoldmanaskedwhetherIcouldtellhimthewaytothehospital.

那个老人问我是否能告诉他去医院的路。(2).特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍由原来的疑问词引导。如:“Whichroomdoyoulivein?”Heasked.“你住哪个房间？”他问我。

→HeaskedmewhichroomIlivedin.

他问我住哪个房间。“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?”Sheasked.她问“你怎么看这部电影？”

→Sheaskedherfriendwhatshethoughtofthefilm.

她问她的朋友怎么看这部电影。(3)选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether/if…or引导。如：“IsityourbikeorTom’s?Mumasked.妈妈问:“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？”

→Mumaskedwhether/ifitwasmybikeorTom’s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。“Doesyoursisterlikebluedressesorgreenones?”Kateasked.“你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的?”凯特问。

→Kateaskedwhether/ifmysisterlikedbluedressesorgreenones.凯特问我的妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的。3.祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,beg,request,order等，而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。

如:Jacksaid,“Pleasecometomyhousetomorrow,Mary.”

杰克说:“玛丽,明天请到我家来。”

→JackaskedMarytogotohishousethenextday.

杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”老师对学生们说：“不要讲话了。”→Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了。“Don’ttouchanything.”Hesaid.“不要碰任何东西。”他说。

→Hetoldusnottotouchanything.

他对我们说不要碰任何东西。4.动词时态和代词等的变动(1).某些代词,限定词,表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则如下：直接引语间接引语today

thatdaynow

then,atthatmomentyesterday

thedaybefore直接引语thedaybeforeyesterday间接引语twodaysbefore直接引语tomorrow

间接引语thenextday/thefollowingday直接引语thedayaftertomorrow

间接引语twodaysafter,/intwodays直接引语nextweek/monthetc

间接引语thenextweek/monthetc直接引语lastweek/monthetc间接引语theweek/monthetc.before直接引语here

间接引语there直接引语间接引语

here

therethis

thatthese

thosecome

gobring

take(2).如果引述动词为现在时形式,则间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下：

现在时间推移到过去的时间,即一般在时变为一般过去时；“Ifeelbettertoday.”Hesaid.“我今天感觉好多了。”他说。→Hesaidthathefeltbetterthatday.他说他那天感觉好多了。现在进行时变为过去进行时；“XiaoMingisdoingsomewashing”Mumsaid.“小明正在洗衣服。”妈妈说。→MumsaidthatXiaoMingwasdoingsomewashing.妈妈说小明正在洗衣服。Sheisveryshy.Lanasaidshewasveryshy.ExercisesHeisunfriendly.Lanasaidhewasunfriendly.Heisfunny.Marciasaidhewasfunny.Heissmart.Marciasaidhewassmart.将直接引语变成间接引语1.Theplumbersaid,“Ican’tfixthebathtubtodaybecauseI’msick”Theplumbersaidhecouldn’tfixthebathtubthatdaybecausehewassick.2.Grandmasaid,“Grandpaisfeelingmuchbettertoday.”GrandmasaidGrandpawasfeelingmuchbetterthatday.

3.Mr.andMrs.Davissaid,“Wewon’tbeabletocometodinnerthisSaturdaynight.”Mr.andMrs.Davissaidtheywouldn’tbeabletocometodinnerthatSaturdaynight.4.Thelandlordsaid,“Ihaven’treceivedthismonth’srentyet.”Thelandlordsaidhehadn’treceivedthatmonth’srentyet.5.CousinSuesaid,“I’msorryIdidn’thavetimetocomeoverandvisitlastSaturday.”CousinSuesaidshewassorryshehadn’thadtimetocomeoverandvisitthepreviousSaturday.SectionB1aCheck(

)thesentencesthataretrueforyou.

I’mhard-working.

I’mgoodatspeaking.

I’mlazy.

InEnglish,I’mbetteratreadingthanlistening.

Icandobetterinmath.Talkaboutyouranswers.A:I’mnothard-working.B:Really?Ithinkyouareveryhard-working.1bPAIRWORKYouarehard-working2aListeningYouaregoodatspeaking1.Name:Class:Math–hard-workingSpanish—goodatlisteningHistory—candobetter2.Name:Class:Math–hard-workingSpanish—goodatspeakingHistory—candobetter3.Name:Class:Math–hard-workingSpanish—goodatspeakingHistory—candobetterScience—lazystudent4.Name:Class:Math–hard-workingSpanish—goodatspeakingHistory—shoulddobetterScience—lazystudentMother:Didyougetyourreportcardtoday,Scott?Boy:Uh-huh.Mother:So,howdidyoudo?Boy:IdidOKinsomesubjects.TapescriptDad:Whatdidyourhistoryteachersay?Boy:HesaidIcoulddobetter.Dad:That’snotsogood.HowaboutSpanish?Boy:Oh,MsMendozasaidIwasgoodatspeaking.Mother:That’snice.Boy:AndMr.RicardosaidIwashard-working.Dad:Whatdoesheteachagain?Boy:He’smymathteacher.Dad:That’sexcellent.Howaboutscience?Boy:Oh,well,scienceisveryhard.Dad:Yes,butwhatdidyourteachersay?Boy:Umm…she…shesaidIwaslazy.Mother:Oh,Scott!You’llhavetotryharderatscience.3bPretendtobeScott.Usetheinformationfromactivity2btowritealettertoarelativeorafriendaboutyourreportcard.Dear

,Igotmyreportcardtoday.auntMymathteachersaidthatIwashard-working.MySpanishteachersaidIwasgoodatspeaking.Myhistoryisnotsogood.TheteachersaidIshoulddobetter.MyscienceteachersaidIwasalazystudent.I’llhavetotryharderatscience.Yours,Scott3cWriteyourownreportcard.(Havefun.Youdon’thavetotellthetruth!)Thenwritealettertoarelativeorafriendaboutyourreportcard.DearMother,Thisismyreportcard.MymathteachersaidIwaslazy.Pleasedon’tworryaboutme.

Icancatchupwithotherstudents.MyEnglishteachersaidIwasgoodatspeakingandlistening.Ishouldmorepracticewritingandreading.MyChineseteachersaidIwasgood.MyscienceteachersaidIdidbest.

Yours,Linda4PAIRWORKReportcardMathteacher:WangLinisveryhard-working.Historyteacher:WangLinisverylazy.Englishteacher:WangLinishard- working.Scienceteacher:WangLinshoulddo better.A:Howwasyourreport?B:Well,mymathteachersaidthatIwashard-working.A:Really?You’relucky.MymathteachersaidIwaslazy.SelfCheckCanyou_____somemusicCDstotheparty?2.It’snotrightforyouto____others’homework.3.Hedidn’tknowwhatwas_______

outside.bringhappencopy4.I’msocold.CanI______yourjacket?5.I’mseeingSuethisafternoon.Doyouwantmeto______anymessages?borrowpasson2.Readthestoryandthenwriteitasaconversation.A:Who’syourbestfriend?B:MybestfriendisXiaoLi,butlastweekwehadabigfightandnowsheisn’ttalkingtome.A:Howdiditstart?B:…B:Itallstartedwhensheaskedmeifshecouldcopymyhomework.A:Whydidshewanttodothat?B:Shesaidshehadforgottentodohers.A:Whatdidyoudothen?SampleB:Itoldherthatitwasabadidea.A:Didshethinkso?B:No.Shegotreallymadatme.A:Whathappenedatlast?B:IsaidIwassureshewouldgetoverit.Andshedid.Yesterdayshetoldmeshewassorry.1.Iaskedherwhyshewantedtodothat,andshesaidthatshehadforgottentodohers.

我问她为什么要那么做,她说她忘记做作业了。Explanationforgettodosth.忘记做某事(还没有做)forgetdoingsth.

忘记做过某事(已经做过了)e.g.:Whenyouleavetheclassroom,don’tforgettoturnoffthelights.离开教室时,别忘记关灯。

Iforgotmeetinghimbefore.我不记得以前见过他了。类似的还有：

remembertodosth.

记得做某事(还没有做)

rememberdoingsth.

记得做过某事(已经做过了)e.g.:“Remembertofinishyourhomeworkontime,LiMing”,hismothersaid.李明妈妈说，“记得按时完成作业。”

Iremembertellingthisstoryforseveraltimes.我记得这个故事给你讲过好几次了。2.IsaidIdidn’tthinkitwasagoodideaforhertocopymyhomework.我说抄我的作业并不是什么好事。注意think

用法:如果think引导宾语从句,其从句表示否定意思时,不是否定从句,而是否定主句。e.g.翻译下列句子：我认为给你父亲说这件事的时机还不成熟.Idon’tthinkitistherighttimeforyoutotellyourfatheraboutthat.

我认为他不