陕西省宝鸡教育联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期开学摸底考试试卷(一)英语试题

2024届高三摸底考试试卷(一)英语全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整，笔迹清楚。4.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。5.本卷主要考查内容：高考范围。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmuchwillthemanlendthewoman?A.3dollarsB.5dollars.C.8dollars.2.Whatwilltheweatherprobablybeliketomorrow?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Windy.3.WhatdidthewomandoduringtheSpringFestival?A.Shemetoldfriends.BShejuststayedathome.C.Shehadatripwithherfamily.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthedormitory.C.Inthecanteen.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Antarcticwaters.B.Antarcticanimals.C.Antarcticenvironment.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’s-daughter?A.Hard-working.B.Creative.C.Determined.7.Whatdoesthewoman’sdaughterstudyatuniversity?A.Biology.B.Chemistry.C.Music.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthewomanlikecooking?AShedoesn’tlikediningout.B.Shecangetasenseofsatisfactionfromcooking.C.Shelikesinvitingherfriendstoherhousetohavedinner.9.Whatisthewomanlearningtocookthesedays?A.Italianfood.B.Indianfood.C.Chinesefood.10.Wherewasthewomanjustnow?A.Atasupermarket.B.Athome.C.Athermother’shouse.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wheredoesthewomantaketheclass?A.Inher-school.B.Inalibrary.C.Inacollege.12.WhydoesJameswanttolearnSpanish?A.Toworkatauniversity.B.Togetabetteraccent.C.TovisitArgentina.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?AClassmates.B.Guideandtourist.C.Teacherandstudent.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatisthemaintransportationintheman’svillage?A.Theplane.B.Theboat.C.Thecar15.Whattypeofworkdomanypeopleintheman’svillagedonow?A.Theyfishinaboat.B.Theydobusinessonline.C.Theymaketoolsbyhand.16.Howdoesthemanliketheoldlifestyle?A.It’seasy.B.It’sexciting.C.It’sboring17.Whatisthemanmostinterestedin?AComputergames.B.Modernclothes.C.Huntingtales.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WheredidChaseseeahomelesspersonforthefirsttime?A.Inalocalpark.B.Atashoppingmall.C.Outsidearestaurant.19.WhatdidChaseandhisfatherdotohelpthehomelessatfirst?A.Theygavethemdrinks.B.Theytookthemouttolunch.C.Theyplayedgameswiththem.20.WhatisthepurposeofProjectEmpathy?A.Togettoknowthehomelessbetter.B.Toofferthehomelessaplacetostay.C.Toencourageotherstohelpthehomeless.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheScienceofYourWellbeingThiscoursecoverstherealscienceofbetterhealthandhappiness.Withevidence-basedadvicefromtheverylatestscientificresearch,you’llfindthetruthaboutnutritionanddiets,exerciseandmentalwellbeing.Whatwillyoulearn?＊Whythebrainmakeshabitshardtobreak.＊Techniquesthatcanhelpyoubreakbadhabits.＊Achievablestepstoimproveyourdiets.＊Activitiestohelpyouremainhealthy.＊Techniquesinformedbypsychologicalresearchthatyoucanusetoimproveyourlevelofhappiness.Whoisthiscoursesuitablefor?＊Thiscourseissuitableforstudentsatalllevels.＊Youmaybeconsideringacareerinnutritionorfitnessandabasicunderstandingofdiets,nutritionandexercise.＊Manyofourlearnerstakethiscoursetoimprovetheiruniversityapplication.Whoareyourinstructors?＊GilesYeo:He’saprogrammeleaderattheMedicalResearchCouncilMetabolicDiseasesUnitattheUniversityofCambridge,HisfirstbookGeneEatingwaspublishedinDecember2018,andhissecond,WhyCaloriesDon’tCount,cameoutinJune2021.＊JasonGill:He’saprofessorofexerciseandhealthattheUniversityofGlasgow.Hestudiestheeffectsofexerciseanddietsonthepreventionandmanagementofdiseases.＊JackyForsyth:She’sanassociateprofessorattheSchoolofHealth.ScienceandWellbeing,StaffordshireUniversity.Shefocusesondevelopingresearchandstudyonwomeninsportandexercise＊BruceHood:He’saprofessorofDevelopmentalPsychologyinSocietyattheUniversityofBristol,Hisresearchinterestsincludethescienceofhappiness,andinhibitory(抑制性的)controlofthoughtsandactions1.Whichofthefollowingwillyoufailtolearninthiscourse?A.Achievablestepstoimproveyourdiets.B.Techniquesusedtoimproveyourfinances.C.Techniquesthatcanhelpyoubreakbadhabits.D.Activitiestohelpyouremainhealthy2.Whoconcentratesonresearchonfemalesinsport?A.GilesYeo. B.JasonGill. C.JackyForsyth. D.BruceHood.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Anadvertisement. B.Anovel.C.Anewsreport. D.Adiaryentry.BLastweekend,myhusbandandIdroveadogtohernewhome.Typically,whenwehaveanewdoginthebackseat,it’sayoungdog.Butthispassengerwasamuchdifferentstory.Magdalenisa13-yearolddog.Herownergaveheruptemporarilywhenhewassick,butwhenhefullyrecoveredseveralmonthslater,hesaidhedidn’twantherback.Hehadhersinceshewasyoungbutnowhadnoplaceforher.Thefamilywhohadgivenheratemporaryhomehadchildrenandotherdogsandwasunabletogiveheraforeverhome.WhenSpeakSt,Louis,therescueteamIworkwith,wascontactedaboutthedog,theyofferedtotakeherin.Shewenttoavet(兽医)forabasichealthcheck.Butthevetdidn’thavegreatnews.Hermouthwasswollen(肿胀的)withallsortsofproblems.Twoteethfelloutduringcleaningandelevenmorehadtobepulledout.Luckily,agoodfriendofmine,adogtrainerwithasoftheartforseniors,hadagreedtoadoptMagdalen.Onthetriptothetrainer’shome,thesweetseniorlookedsorelaxedinourbackseat.Ifeltagreatsenseofreliefandpleasure.Herownerneededsometemporaryhelpwhenhewassick.ButIcan’timaginewhyhewouldn’thavewantedherback.Ithinkofmyowndoganddogswelosttooldageinthepast.We’refamilyandwestaythatwayforever.She’dbeabletoliveagoodlife.Ihoped,inhernewhome!4.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theformerownersofthedog.B.Wherethedogwastreated.C.Whatthedogneededmost.D.Theproblemsthedogmet.5Whatistheauthor’sjob?A.Trainingolddogs.B.Treatingsickdogs.C.Lookingforhomesfordogs.D.Lookingforlostdogs’owners.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelonherwaytoherfriend’shome?A.Relievedandhappy. B.Nervousandgrateful.C.Surprisedandcurious. D.Hopefulandproud.7.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofMagdalen’sownergivingherup?A.Shedidn’tunderstandhisbehaviour.B.Shebelieveditwaspainfulforhim.C.Shewascertainhewouldregret.D.Shethoughthemadeawisedecision.CWrittenandillustratedbyShelSilverstein,TheGivingTreeisachildren’sbookthattellsthestoryaboutayoungboyandatreeintheforest.Thestorystartswiththeboyandthetreebeingthebestoffriendsandhavingfun.Astheboygrowsolder,heasksmorefromthetree,whichwillinglyagreesuntilallthatisleftisastump(树桩).Intheend,theboy,nowanoldman,comesbacktothetreeandtellsitthatallhewantsisaplacetositon,somethingthatthetreeeagerlyprovides.Inthebook,eachpartofthestorygoesstraighttothepointwithoutconfusingreaders.Thebookdoesn’tincludetheeventsthathappentotheboyinbetween.Weseehowtheboy’sneedsincreasetoapointthatthetreefinallygivesitstrunkashegrows.Itmakesthebookeasytoreadandunderstand.Thewritingstylemayseemplainandboringatfirstbutweneedtokeepinmindthatitisachildren’sbook.Ifitweren’tthatway,thenitwouldbeunattractivetoitsyoungreaders.Thewordsusedareveryeasytounderstand.Thephrase,“andthetreewashappy”,isquitemovedandshowsthetree’slovefortheboy.Theuseoftheword“need”alsoshowsreaderstheattitudeoftheboy.Thechangefrom“need”to“want”intheendalsotellsreadersthechangesthattheboygoesthrough.Thoughthebookhasbeencriticizedasitcanbeunderstoodindifferentways,itisbecauseofthisthatthebooksucceeds.Againthebookiswrittenforchildren.Differentchildrenhavetheirownwaystounderstandthebookandwillconsideritinteresting.8.Whatisthebookmainlyabout?A.Aboy’sgreatloveforatree.B.Aboy’srelationshipwithatreeC.Aboy’sdependenceonaforest.D.Aboy’sinterestinglifeinaforest.9.Whyisthebooksuitableforyoungreadersintheauthor’sopinion?A.Itsstoryistouching.B.ItsexpressionsaresimpleC.Itswritingstyleishumorous.D.Itstopicsarevaried.10.WhatmakesTheGivingTreepopular?A.Thecommentskidsgave.B.Thewritingstyle.C.Thepicturesinit.D.Differentwaystounderstandit.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tocommentonabook.B.Tointroduceawriter.C.Torecommendastory.D.Togivereadersalesson.DThesurfaceofMarsisetched(蚀刻)withancientrivervalleysandlakebasins.SomeresearchersthinkthatliquidwateronceflowedontheRedPlanet.Today,Marsistoocoldformuch,ifany,liquidwatertoexist.And3.8billionyearsago,whentheflowingwaterformed,thesunwasfainterthanitistoday,makingitevenhardertoimagineawarmMartianclimate.That’swhymanyresearchersthinkMarsmayhavegoneinandoutofdeepfreezes.SomeresearchershavesuggestedthatearlyMarsonlythawedout(解冻)whenlargeasteroid(小行星)impactsorvolcaniceruptionstemporarilywarmedtheplanet.ButKasting,ageologistatPennStateUniversity,thinkswarmwindowsfromsuchdramaticeventswouldhavebeentoobrieftocarvethevastcanyons(峡谷)thatexistonMars.Now,Kastingandhiscolleagueshavecomeupwithanalternativeexplanation.TheythinkMarsmayhaveexperiencedaseriesofclimatecyclescausedbychangesinthestrengthofthegreenhouseeffect.Theideagoeslikethis:WhenMarswascoldandfrozen,volcanoescontinuedtobelchoutthegreenhousegaseslikecarbondioxideandhydrogenintotheatmosphere.There,thegasblankettrappedheatandwarmedtheplanetupuntilliquidwaterbegantoflow,formingMars’riversandlakes.However,warmtemperaturesandabundantwaterwouldalsohavespedupcertainchemicalreactionsthatconsumedcarbondioxide,mitigatingthegreenhouseeffectandcoolingtheplanetbackdownagain.Thenthecyclewouldrepeat.KastingsharedhistheorywithotherastronomersattheDecembermeetingoftheAmericanGeophysicalUnioninSanFrancisco,andinthejournalEarthandPlanetaryScienceLetters.Sofar,Kasting’steamhasonlyshownthatsuchanexplanationispossible,accordingtoclimatemodels.Buttheresearcherssayfieldtripscouldhelptesttheideabylookingforevidenceofmultiplewarmevents,andtheirdurations.12.WhatmaderesearchersbelievethatliquidwateronceexistedonMars?A.ThegeologicalfeaturesofMars.B.ThenaturalclimateofMars.C.Thetemperaturesofthesun.D.Thecolouroftheplanet.13.WhatisKasting’stheorybasedon?A.LargeasteroidshadnoimpactonMars.B.VolcaniceruptionswereveryfrequentonMarsC.Deepvalleyscouldn’tbeformedinashortperiodoftime.D.Carbondioxideandhydrogenwereabundantintheatmosphere.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigating”inparagraph3mean?A.Achieving. B.Reducing. C.Experiencing. D.Enhancing.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.LargeAsteroidImpactsontheRedPlanetB.LiquidWaterExistingonMarsC.ClimateCyclesCouldHaveCarvedCanyonsonMarsDAncientRiverValleysHaveBeenFoundonMars第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Apileofhomeworkcanseemfrightening,butitcanbedoneifyoumakeaplan.Herearesometipstohelpyou.Createachecklistofthetasksyouhave.Beforedivingin,makealistofallthethingsyouneedtodoforyourhomework.____16____Thesatisfactionofcheckingthingsoffwillkeepyouhappytocontinue.Solvethehardesthomeworkfirst.Yourfirstthoughtmightbetoputoffthemostdifficulthomework.Ifyougetthehardstuffoutofthewaywhenyou’remostalert,however,itwillbeeasiertogetthroughtherestofthepile.____17____Askforhelpifyougetstuck.Ifyoucometoapartofyourhomeworkthatyoudon’tknowhowtodo,askafamilymembertohelpyou.____18____Withalittlehelp,youcanquicklymoveontothenextthing.Makeahomeworkschedule.____19____Ifyousetaschedule,thenyou’llbepreparedandknowexactlywhattodo.Thiswillalsokeepyoufromfeelingguiltyaboutputtinghomeworkoff.____20____Ifeveryoneinyourgroupisseriousaboutgettinghomeworkdone,thiscanbegreat.Youcanhelpeachotheroutwithassignments,andquizeachothertoprepareforexams.A.Establishastudygroup.B.Takeabreaknowandthen.C.Thatway,youwon’tgetdiscouraged.D.Asyoucompleteeachtask,crossitoffyourlist.E.Trytodoyourhomeworkatthesametimeeachday.F.Writedownallthereasonswhyyoureallyneedtodoyourhomework.G.Makeaplantofinishyourworkbitbybit,savingtheeasiesttasksforlast.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MygrandmotherandIwalkedintoaclothesshop.“It’sastoreforoldpeopleIknow,”shesaidloudly,muchtothe___21___ofthesalesmanstandingnearby.Today,shewas___22___asmallanimal-printdress.Shebeganto___23___theclothesstoreforsomethingbrightandnoticeable.Asa15-year-old,Ijustwantedto___24___normally,butmygrandmother—withherdyed(被染色的)hairand___25___colouredclothes—existedina(n)___26___worldofstyle.I___27___herconfidence.Shehadself-love.Sheexpressedherself___28___asshewanted.Oncemygrandfatherdied,sheshowedher___29___forherselfthroughhowshelooked.Inherearly80s,sheshoppedwiththe____30____likemy10th-gradesisterbutwithalotmoreconfidence.She____31____metolookmybestandalwayscheckedinonme,eventhoughmostofourrelationshipwaslong-distance.This____32____IhadlotsofmissedcallsandtextsaskinghowIwasdoing.Shelovedto____33____withothersandwouldcallmeseveraltimes.Onceshetoldmehowshehadspentthewholeafternoontalkingtofriendsandfamilyallovertheworld.Her____34____hadbecomeweakbutshestill____35____toaskme:“Areyoumakingtimeto____36____?”Eachcallwasa____37____topencilinfuntomyschedule.IwishthatI’dthankedherforallofthe____38____she’dbeenpassingontomethroughoutallofmyadolescentandyoungadultlife.Ifithadn’tbeenforherlessonsin____39____—herguidanceincaringformyselfandenjoyinglifeinallits____40____—wouldIbethepersonIamtoday?21.A.disappointment B.relief C.amusement D.satisfaction22.A.wearing B.making C.selling D.advertising23.A.detect B.inspect C.check D.search24.A.dress B.live C.eat D.speak25.A.rarely B.strangely C.usually D.wrongly26.A.unique B.ancient C.real D.virtual27.A.increased B.envied C.hated D.shared28.A.anxiously B.privately C.exactly D.carefully29.A.preference B.pity C.respect D.love30.A.excitement B.innocence C.sincerity D..seriousness31.A.encouraged B.forced C.ordered D.allowed32.A.declared B.promised C.meant D.showed33.A.debate B.connect C.argue D.bargain34.A.heart B.leg C.body D.voice35.A.afforded B.offered C.hesitated D.managed36.A.workout B.signup C.havefun D.takenotes37.A.praise B.reminder C.plan D.requirement38.A.kindness B.glory C.wealth D.wisdom39.A.self-love B.self-help C.self-discipline D.self-confidence40.A.directions B.aspects C.stages D.forms第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WorldBookandCopyrightDayisacelebrationtopromotetheenjoymentofbooksandreading.Eachyear,on23April,celebrationstakeplaceallovertheworld___41___(recognize)thescope(范围)ofbooks—alinkbetweenthepastandthefuture,abridgebetweengenerationsandacrosscultures.Onthisoccasion,UNESCOandtheinternationalorganizations___42___(represent)thethreemajorsectorsofthebookindustry—publishers,booksellersandlibraries,selecttheWorldBookCapitalfor___43___yeartokeeptheimpetus(动力)oftheDay’scelebrations.23Aprilisasymbolicdateinworldliterature.Itisthedate___44___severalfamousauthors,WilliamShakespeare,MigueldeCervantesandIncaGarcilasodelaVegaall___45___(die).ThisdatewasanaturalchoiceforUNESCO’sGeneralConference,___46___(hold)inParisin1995,topayaworld-widetribute(致敬)tobooksandauthors,encouragingeveryonetoaccess