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AdvancedEnglish《高级英语》主编：张汉熙外语教学与研究出版社1/45BlackmailBrainstormingBackgroundTextStudyLanguagePointsComprehensionQuestionsTextAnalysisandAppreciationExercisesTasksafterClass2/45Brainstorming

Brainstormonsynonymouswordsofblackmail.Extort:obtainbyforce,violenceE.g.,Thepoliceusedtorturetoextortconfessionfromhim.Racketeer:(colloq)getmoneybydeceiving,threatening3/45MakealistofEnglishnobleranks.King/queenDuke&duchessMarquis&marquisEarlViscountBaron4/45贵族爵位（peerages）分为公爵（Duke）、侯爵（Marquis或Marquees）、伯爵（Earl）、子爵（Viscount）和男爵（Baron）5个等级。原来贵族爵位都是世袭，而且只能有一个继承人。长子是法定继承人。只有在贵族没有儿子情况下，其爵位才能由首先到达继承年纪直系后代来继承。自1958年以后，才允许将非继承性“终生贵族爵位”（Lifepeerages）授予某一个人。5/45对公爵、公爵夫人（Duchess）尊称为“Grace”。直接称呼时用“YourGrace”（大人、夫人），间接提及时用“His（Her）Grace”。用在信封或信开头可尊称为“HisGracetheDuckof．．．”（公爵大人……）或“HerGracetheDuchessof．．．”（公爵夫人……）。6/45侯爵、伯爵、子爵和男爵都能够称为“Lord”（勋爵）。直接称呼时，都可称“YourLordship”。间接提及时可用“Lord＋姓”或“Lord＋地名”。信封上或信开头分别称“MyLordMarquis”或“MyLord”（主要用于伯、子、男爵）7/45公爵、侯爵、伯爵长子在他们父亲没死之前，即没有继承其父亲爵位之前，也可称之为“Lord”（勋爵），但不是贵族。公爵、侯爵次子以下儿子，能够终生称之为“Lord”（勋爵）；对伯、子、男爵次子以下儿子可称“Honorable”（尊敬）。他们也都不是贵族。8/45侯爵夫人（Marchioness）、伯爵夫人（Countess）、子爵夫人（Viscountess）、男爵夫人（Baroness）均可称之为：“Lady”（夫人），即用“Lady＋丈夫姓或丈夫勋称中地名”。9/45公爵、侯爵、伯爵每一个女儿也都可称为“Lady”，即可用“Lady＋授予名＋姓”。假如她结了婚，就用丈夫姓代替自己姓，但仍称为“Lady”（夫人），即使丈夫无爵位，是个普通“先生”，也可称为“Lady”。假如丈夫有了爵位，那她就要选取对应誉称。10/45除了贵族爵位以外，还有别一些誉称，对爵士则尊称为“Sir”（爵士）。详细做法是“Sir＋授予名＋姓”或“Sir＋授予名”，但作为爵士头衔，Sir绝不可只用于姓前。11/45Background

AboutthewriterAboutthenovelHotel12/451.AbouttheauthorArthurHaileyistheauthorofanumberofbestsellingnovels.BorninLuton,England,in1920,thewaseducatedinEnglishschoolsuntilagefourteen.Afterabriefcareerasanofficeboy,hejoinedtheBritishRoyalAirForcein1939andservedthroughWorldWarII,risingthroughtherankstobecomeapilotandflightlieutenant.In1949HaileyemigratedtoCanada,wherehewassuccessivelyarealestatesalesman,businesspapereditorandasalesandadvertisingexecutive.Hebecame,andstillisaCanadiancitizen.HemakeshishomeatLyfordCayintheBahamas.13/45AbouttheauthorIn1956ArthurHaileyscoredhisfirstwritingsuccesswithaTVdrama,Flightinto

Danger,whichlaterbecameamotionpictureandanovel,RunwayZero-Eight(1958).ThesensationalHaileybestsellersincludeTheFinalDiagnosis(1959).InHighPlaces(1962),Hotel(1966),Airport(1968),Wheels(1971),TheMoneychangers(1975).14/45AbouttheauthorThoughaCanadianhimself,hesetthesceneofmostofhisworksintheUntiedStates.Eachofhisbooksdealswithoneparticularfieldofsociety.Thisismadeclearbythetitlesofhisbooks.ItisthispeculiarityofhisthatisofvaluetothosewhoareeagertolearnaboutcontemporaryAmericansociety.15/452.AboutthenovelHotel

TheSt.GregoryHotelisthelargestinNewOrleans,Louisiana.For4daysfromMondayeveningtoFriday,thehotelgoesthroughasuccessionofdramaticevents.Withthehotel’smortgageduebytheweekendandwithnochanceofgettingfurtherrenewal,theowner,warrenTrent,reluctantlymakesuphismindtosellhishoteltoachainhotelowner,CurtisO’keefe.

16/45AboutthenovelHotelPeterMcDermott,theassistantgeneralmanager,hastotackleseveralotherknottyproblems:handlinganattemptedrapewhichhasoccurredinoneofthehotel’srooms;catchingaprofessionalthiefoperatinginthehotel;pacifyingawholeconventionofseveralhundreddentiststhatthreatentoleaveinprotestagainstthehotel’sobjectiontoputtingupamemberoftheconvention–ablackdoctor.ThenthereistheDukeofCroydon.17/45

TheDukeisaninternationallyfamousstatesmanandthenewly-appointedBritishambassadortoWashington.HeandhiswifeoccupythebestsuiteinSt.Gregory,OnMondayeveningwhiledrivingbackwithhiswifefromagamblinghouse,theDukeknocksdownawomanandherchild.Botharekilled.TheDukeandtheDuchess,however,driveaway.Thehit-and-runbecomestopsensationalnewsinNewOrleans.Thehotel’schiefhousedetectiveOgilvienoticesthebatteredcarwhenitcomesback.18/45AboutthenovelHotelInsteadofreportingthistothepolice,hegoestoseetheDukeandtheDuchess.Hepromisestokeepquietaboutwhatheknowsandasksforalargesumofmoneyinreturnforthefavour.TheDuke,nowtotallyatalossastohowtoact,hidesbehindtheskirtsofhiswife.TheDuchessunderstandsthattogetthemselvesoutofthismess,thecarhastobedrivenoutofthesouthwhere19/45peoplearealertedaboutthehit-and-run.SosheofferstopayOgilviemorethanhehasaskedonconditionthathedrivesthecartoChicagoupinthenorth.Thegreedydetectiveagrees.Atoneo’clockThursdaymorningOgilviegetsthecaroutofthegarage.Heisseenleavingbyonepersononly.ByPeterMcDermott,theassistantgeneralmanager,Thoughitstrikeshimasodd,Peterdoesnotlinkthisupwiththehit-and-rununtillatethatafternoonwhenhewitnessesthefuneralofthetwovictimsoftheaccident.Hecontactspoliceheadquartersrightaway.20/45AboutthenovelHotelBythistime,OgilviehascrossedLouisianaandMississippi,drivingbynightandconcealingthecarbyday.Hethinksthateverythingisgoingsmoothly,littleknowingthatheisaalreadybeingfollowedbytheHighwaypatrolcruisers.InTennessee,heiscaughtandsentbacktoNewOrleans.

21/45AtfirsttheDuchesstriestodenyeverything,butdoesn’tsucceedinconvincingthepolice.TheDukethendecidestogoovertopoliceheadquartersbeforetheycomeforhim,wishingtosavethelittleshredsofdecencyleftinhim.Hetakesanelevatortogodown.Thiselevatorwhichhasbeenoutoforderforsometimeandbadlyinneedofrepairbreaksdown.Asitgoesdown,onesetofclampsholdsandtheotherfails.Theelevatorcartwists,bucklesandsplitsopen,throwingtheDukeninefloorsdowntothecementground.Hediesinstantly.

22/45AboutthenovelHotelHowever,thenovelendswithapleasantsurprise.Asick,old,eccentricmanstayinginthehotelturnsouttobeanextremelywealthymanfromMontreal,Canada.Earlier,hefellseriouslyillandwassavedbyPeterandhisgirlfriend.Toshowhisgratitudeandtorepaytheirkindness,hebuysthehotelfromitsformerownerandmakesPeterthenewexecutivevice-president,withcompleteauthoritytorunthehotelashethinksfit.23/45TextStudy

LanguagePointsComprehensionQuestionsTextAnalysisandAppreciation24/45LanguagePoints1.Thechiefhouseofficer,Ogilvie,whohaddeclaredhewould…tooktwicethattime:Thechiefhouseofficer,Ogilvie,gavetheCroydonsamysterioustelephonecalltellingthemhewouldpaythemavisitanhourlater,butactuallyheappearedattheirsuitetwohourslater.chiefhouseofficer:HotelsintheU.S.employdetectivestotakecareofhotelsecurity,called‘housedicks’,dignifiedappellation–houseofficer.2.ThenervesofboththeDukeandDuchesswereexcessivelyfrayed:ThenervesofboththeDukeandDuchesswerewornoutbythelongwait,wereover-strained.BoththeDukeandDuchesswereextremelynervous.3.Shehaddispatchedhermaidonaninventederrand:Theysentherouttogetheroutoftheway;the‘errand’beingjustanexcuse,atripwhichwasnotnecessary.ObviouslythetalkbetweenOgilvieandtheCroydonshadtobekeptasecret.25/454.ToexercisetheBedlingtonterriers:towalkthedogs:totakethedogsoutandgivethemsomeexercise.TheBedlingtonterrierisadogsoutandgivethemsomeexercise.TheBedlingtonterrierisabreedofblueorliver-coloured,woolly-coated,active,typicallysmalldogs.TheterriersareastatussymbolshowingthattheDuchessisnoordinarydogowner.Andthefactthattheycankeepdogsinahotelsuiteprovestheyareveryimportantpeople.5.AwaveofcigarsmokeaccompaniedOgilviein:

tosmokeacigarinthepresenceofaladywithoutaskingforpermissionisimpoliteandbeingfamiliar.Hecomesintotheroomsmokinghiscigar.Ogilvieisacoarse,vulgar,anduneducatedfellowandbecausehethinkshehastheCroydonsunderhisthumbhedoesn’tgiveadametowhattheymaythinkorfeel.TheDuchess‘lookedpointedly’,thatis,directlyandsharplyatthecigar,tryingtointimidatehimwithhersuperiorsocialposition.

26/456.Wouldyoukindlypotthatout:aperiodinsteadofaquestionmark,indicatingitissaidinafallingtone,meanttobeacommand,notapoliterequest7.Piggyeyes:small,narroweyeslostinthemassofflesh.Ogilvieisoneofthe‘badguys’inthisnovel.Hehaspiggyeyes,agrossjowledface,anobesebody,speaksinfalsetto,isvulgar,unscrupulous,ill-mannered,tothepointofthrowinghiscigaronthecarpet.Someexampleswiththewordpig:Don’tbeapig.(Don’tbegreedy.)Heisapig.(Heisadirty,greedyorill-manneredperson.)I’vemadeapigofmyself.(I’veeatentoomuch.)8.surveyedhersardonically:Helookedherupanddownscornfullybecausehehadevidenceoftheircrimeuphissleeveandfeltsurethatinamomenthewouldbeabletohumbleherandbringhertoherknees.Notethedifferentmeaningsofthefollowingwords:27/45

sardonic:beingscornful,cynical

sarcastic:intendingtohurtthefeelings,toinflictpainbyderiding,taunting

satirical:intendingtomakeapersonorthingappearfoolishorabsurd

ironical:ahumorousorsarcasticformofexpressioninwhichtheintendedmeaningofwhatissaidisdirectlyoppositetotheusualsense.9.whofacedthemuncertainly:Besideshavingaweakcharacter,theDukeisoverfondofliquorandothermen’swives,andsoissubmissivetotheDuchess,herselfawomanofstrongcharacter,aknownpublicfigureandcousinofthequeen.Aftertheroadaccident,itwastheDuchesswhomastermindedthecover-upandtheDukewasn’tquiteofwhattosaytoOgilvieorwhattodo,hewasafraidofmessingthingsup.28/4510.Prettyneatset-upyoufolksgot:Ogilvie’slanguageisungrammatical,vulgarandslangy.Neatisslangy,meaningnice,fine;ageneraltermofapproval.Set-up,anoun,meaningarrangementoffurniture,etc.Abettereducatedpersonmightsay:“Thisisaprettyniceroomthatyouhavegot.”ForOgilvie’sungrammaticallanguage,seeNote4tothetext.Herearesomeexamplesfromthetext:11.Iimagineyoudidnotcomeheretodiscussdecor:

Isupposeyoudidnotcomeheremerelytodiscussthearrangementofthefurnitureandotherdecorationsofthissuite.Whatshemeantwas“Speakyourmind.Don’twastetime.”Shepurposelyusedtheworddear,imaginingOgilviewouldbeawed.UnlikeOgilvie,theDuchessalwaysspeakstheQueen’sEnglish,usingstrictlygrammaticalstructuresandchoosingherwordscarefully,sometimetotheextentofbeingpompous.

29/4512.Heloweredthelevelofhisincongruousfalsettovoice:Hehadanunnaturallyhigh-pitchedvoice.Whenhespokenow,heloweredthepitch.Incongruous:ThisfalsettovoicesoundedfunnycomingfromathicksetmanlikeOgilvie.13.“Youtwowasinthathit-‘n-run”:Youtwoareguiltyofthathit-and-runaccident.Hit-and-runisusuallyusedtodescribeadriverwhofleesfromthesceneofanaccidentinwhichheisinvolved.14.“There’sbeenplentyonradio,too.”:Therehavebeenalotofreportsabouttheaccidentontheradio,too.15.Twohighpointsofcolour:TheDuchess’cheeksflushed,notevenly,butaroundthecheekbones.Shewasupsetandabitscared.Butatthemomentshewaspretendingindignation.16.yourhigh-an’-mightiness:

highhadmighty:veryproud,(thecorrectwaytoaddressaDukeoraDuchessis“YourGrace”).Ogilvieaddressedherthiswayinimitationof“YourHighness’tomockherhaughtyattitude.30/4517.high-tailedit:(colloquial)leaveinahurry,scurryoff18.they’llthrowthebook,andnevermindwhoithits:They’lldealoutthemaximuminpunishment,toapplythefullforceofthelawandtheywillnotcarewhowillbepunishedinthiscase.Tothrowthebookisanidiom,inwhichthewordbookmeansthelawbook.Itreferstothebook.HereOgilviefollowsthemetaphorthrough.19.ifIdowhatbyrightsIshould,…you’llhardlysee’em:IfIdowhatIshoulddoinjustice(thatis,toreportwhatIknowtopoliceheadquarters),agroupofpolicemenwillcomeoverhereveryfast,sofastthatyouwouldn’tbeabletoseethemmoving.20.TheDuchessofCroydon:TheDuchesswassupportedbyherarrogancecomingfromparentsofnoblefamilieswhobelongedtothenobilityformorethanthreehundredyears.Soshedidnotgiveineasily.21.Butbeyondwrinklinghernoseindistaste,shemadenocomment:Sheonlywrinkledhernosetoshowherdislikefortheoffendingcigarsmell,butdidnotrebukehim.31/4522.AsOgilvieglanced,grinning,attheDuchess:Ogilvieisrubbingitin,enjoyinghimselfoverthewoundedprideofanarrogantwife.23.Youwereintoasecondhundred:Youwerebeginningtospendanotherhundreddollarsofyourown(thehundredwoningamblinghadalreadybeenspent)totreatamerryandlivelyparty.24.Thereain’tmuch,outoftheway:ifanybodywhostaysinthishoteldoesanythingwrong,improperorunusual.Ialwaysgettoknowaboutit.Thereisn’tmuchthatcanescapeme.outoftheway:improper,wrong,unusual25.lickeredup:liquoredup,drunk.Compare:liquor:analcoholicdrink,esp.onemadebydistillation,aswhiskeyorrum(neatwhiskey)wine:mainlygrapewine(sweetordrywine)softdrinks:non-alcoholic,likesodapopchaser:amilddrink,takenwithorafterliquor32/4526.thewordwasout:Thenewsabouttheaccidentwasspreading.Phraseswithword:sayagoodwordforsb.haveawordwithsb.(talkwithsb.)havewordswith(quarrel)givesb.one’sword(promise)beasgoodasone’swordbreakone’swordamanofhiswordinsomanywordswordforword27.OnahunchIwentovertothegarage:AIsuspectedandfelttherewassomethingwrong,Iwentovertothegaragetoinspect.hunch:Afeelingaboutsomethingnotbasedonknownfacts:premonitionorsuspicion.Themeaningderivesfromthesuperstitionthatitbringsgoodlucktotouchahunch-back.Ihaveahunchthat…:Iratherthinkthat…33/4528.look-see:(slang)aquicklookorinspection29.jockeys:usu.Professionalriderinhorse-races,hereitmeanspersonswhoparkcarsortrucksinastoragegarage,alsocalledcarjockeys

discjockeys:radioorTVbroadcasterwhointroducesperformancesandcommentsonrecordsortapesoflightpopularmusic30.squarehisshoulders:toshowheisreadytofacetheconsequences,heisbrave,notafraidofwhatisitcome31.tookonamusingnote:hisvoicesoundedasifhewasdeepinthought.HewasgoingtoputallhiscardsonthetablenowthathehadmadeitsufficientlycleartotheCroydonsthattheywereinhishands.32.theoutsidetowns:smalltownsaroundabigcity,hereoutsideNewOrleansOutlyingtownswouldbemorecommon.34/4533.keptfirm,tightreinonherracingmind:Shekeptfirmandtightcontrolofhermindwhichisworkingquickly.HeretheDuchessisthinkingquicklybutatthesametimekeepingherthoughtsundercontrol,notlettingthemrunwild.Itwasessentialthatherthinkingremaincalmandreasoned:Itwasveryimportantforhertothinkcalmlyandlogically.Notethesubjunctivemoodinthe“that”clause.35.asifthediscussionwereofsomeminordomesticmatterandnotsurvivalitself:asifthediscussionwereaboutsomeunimportantdomesticmatter,notconcernedwithlifeanddeath36.herhusbandnowatensebutpassivespectator:Nominativeabsoluteconstructionwithanounplusanoun.Herhusbandwatchedanxiouslyandnervously,incapableoftakinganactivepart.35/4537.calculatedcoolness:Shewasnotcool,infact,hermindwasracing,butshedeliberatelyappearedtobecool.38.butnomorethanwaitinghereforcertaindetection:Todrivethecarnorthwouldberisky,butnotmoreriskythantowaithere,becauseiftheydidnothing,theywouldsurelybediscovered.39.secondaryroads:roadsnotofprimaryimportancewhoseclassificationandmaintenancevaryaccordingtotownship,county,andstateregulations40.deptatusingmaps:skilledinusingmapsExamples:a)Heisadeptinphotography.b)Heisadeptat(orin)takingpictures.36/4541.Orhadthey?:secondthoughtwhichcontradictsthefirstone.Hadthey(therisks)tothetaken?TheDuchesssuddenlyrealizedthattheydidn’thavetotaketherisksofdrivingthecarnorththemselves.Otherexamples:Hemustbuythatbook.Ormusthe?(Hedidn’thaveto.)Ifithadbeenanyoneelse,hewouldhaveagreed.Orwouldhe?(Maybenot.)42.AstheDukeofCroydonshifteduneasily:BoththeDukeanddetectivethoughttheDuchesshadrefusedtheoffer.TheDukefeltveryuneasy;he’dratherpaythemoneytookeepOgilviequiet.Ogilviewasabouttoprotestandthreatenheragain.43.Eyesboredintohim:lookedathimsteadily,sharplyandsearchingly

Bore:makeaholein,usedherefiguratively37/4544.herownsmallnessofmind:herownmeannessorweaknessofmind.Whatsheisabouttodomaybeextremelysignificanttoherandherhusband.Shehastotakeabigchance,todosomethingverydaring,soshemustbebold,resoluteanddecisive,Shehastorisetotheoccasion.45.Whenyouwereplatingforthehigheststakes,youmadethehighestdid:Stakeandbidaregamblingterms.Herethesentencemeans:Youhadtopaythehighestpricewhenyourreputationandcareerwereatstake.38/45ComprehensionQuestions1.DidOgilviedeliberatelydelayhiscallattheCroydon’suite?Why?2.WhydidtheDuchesssendhermaidandsecretaryout?3.WhydoyouthinkOgilviewasbeingdeliberatelyoffensivetotheCroydonsinthebeginning?4.HowdidtheDuchessknowwheretheDukehadgonethenighttheaccidentoccurred?5.HowdidOgilviecometosuspecttheCroydonsofthehit-‘n-runcrime?6WhatmadetheDuchessjumptotheconclusionthatOgilviehadcometoblackmailthem?39/45ComprehensionQuestions7.Whydidn’tthepolicecomeimmedi