世界银行-2023财年吉布提国家意见调查：Pulse报告（英）

August

2023FY

2023

DjiboutiCountry

Opinion

Survey:PulseReportECR

Business

Intelligence

TeamAcknowledgementsTheDjiboutiCountry

Opinion

Survey

ispart

of

theCounty

Opinion

SurveyProgram

series

ofthe

World

Bank

Group.

Thisreport

was

prepared

bytheBusiness

Intelligence

(BI)

team,

ledbyJosé

DeBuerba

(SeniorExternal

Affairs

Officer)

and

Svetlana

Markova

(Senior

External

AffairsOfficer).

Yulia

Danilina,

JessicaCameron,

NanLin,and

SofyaGubaydullina

oversaw

thedesign,

reporting,

andanalysis.

NoreenWambui

and

IrinaPopova

provided

data

support.BIacknowledges

thesignificant

contribution

from

the

Djibouti

countryteam.

Inparticular,

BI

isgrateful

for

thesupport

from

Nagad

KhairehAllaleh

(Operations

Analyst)

who

coordinated

thesurvey

related

activitiesfrom

Djibouti,

Djibouti.ContentsObjectivesOverall

ContextWorld

BankGroup’s

Supportin

DevelopmentAreasOverall

Attitudes

toward

the

World

BankGroupWorld

BankGroup’s

Work

and

Engagement

onthe

GroundCommunicationsandOutreachSample

DemographicsMethodology3ObjectivesThissurveywas

designed

toassist

the

WorldBankGroup

(WBG)

in

gaining

abetter

understandingof

howstakeholdersin

Djibouti

perceive

the

WBG.Thesurvey

exploredthe

followingquestions:1.

What

opinion

dokeystakeholdershaveof

theWBG

when

itcomestoitseffectiveness,relevance,alignmentwith

Djibouti’s

developmentpriorities,and

otherkeyindicators?

Areopinions

improvingor

declining?2.

What

areas

of

developmentare

perceivedtobethemost

important?

Havetheprioritieschangedoverthe

pastfiveyears?3.

Howthe

WBGisperceived

asadevelopmentpartner?

Are

opinions

improving

or

declining?4.

What

keytopics

the

WBGcommunicatesaround

do

stakeholders

recall?Isthere

arelationship

between

messagerecallandviewsof

the

WBG’swork?4OverallContext5Familiarity

with

theWorld

BankYear

comparison:

Respondents

inthisyear’s

CountrySurvey

reported

similar

levels

of

familiarity

with

the

WorldBankGroup

as

inFY18:MeanFamiliarity

RatingMean

familiarity:

FY23

=6.6;FY18

=6.3.12345678910AllRespondents6.6Collaboration:

Respondents

who

indicated

that

theycollaborated

with

theWBG

inFY23

reported

significantlyhigher

levels

offamiliarity

with

theinstitution’s

work:Government7.4Mean

familiarity:

WBG

collaborators

=7.5Non-WBG

collaborators

=

5.4Non-Government5.8Note:Stakeholders:

Respondents

from

theGovernmentreported

significantly

higher

levels

offamiliarity

with

theWBG

inFY23.Government

includes:

OfficeofthePresident

/PrimeMinister

/Minister;theNational

Assembly;

GovernmentInstitution;

and

Local

Government;Non-Government

includes:

Bilateral

/Multilateral

Agency;CivilSocietyOrganization;

PrivateSector;

Academia/Research

Institute/Think

Tank;and

Media.Mean

familiarity:

Government

respondents

=

7.4Non-Government

respondents

=5.8Statistically

different

across

stakeholder

groupsQHow

familiar

areyou

with

thework

of

theWorld

BankGroup

inDjibouti?Scale:1-10(1:

Notfamiliar

atall

–10:

Extremely

familiar)(FY23N=70;

FY18

N=199)6Trust

in

InstitutionsMeanTrustRating123456789108.2Djibouti’s

Central

Bank*TheWorldBankGroup*6.4Themost

trusted

institutions

inDjibouti

were

Djibouti’sCentral

Bank(overall

mean

rating

=7.3)and

theWorldBankGroup

(overall

mean

rating

=7.2).7.86.67.6TheNational

Assembly,

regional

development

banks,andcivil

society

were

theleast

trusted

institutionsamong

respondents

(overall

mean

ratings

=5.5,

5.9,and6.0,

respectively).Thenational/federalgovernment*TheInternationalMonetaryFund*6.27.35.1Bilateralorganizations(e.g.,DFID,

JICA,

GIZ,USAID)7.16.97.0TheUnitedNations(UN)Privatesector6.27.06.46.86.4Academia/thinktanks/researchinstitutionsRegionaldevelopmentbanks(Pleaselistthoserelevantfortheregion)6.75.36.7NationalAssembly*Government4.5Non-Government5.96.1Civilsociety(e.g.,NGOs,CBOs)*significantly

different

betweenGovernmentand

Non-Government

respondentsQTo

what

extent

do

you

trusteach

ofthe

following

groups

todo

what

isright?Scale:1-10(1:

To

nodegree

atall

–10:

To

averysignificantdegree)7World

BankGroup’s

Supportin

Development

Areas8DevelopmentPriorities

fortheWBGWater

supply

andsanitationinfrastructure,

health,education,

and

transportwerethetopareas

inFY23wherestakeholders

wouldliketheWBG

tofocus

itsresources.

Allfour

significantly

increasedin

prioritysince

FY18,withWater

supply

and

sanitation

infrastructurehaving

more

than

four

times

the

percentage

ofrespondents

choosing

itcompared

toFY18.VsFY18Water

supplyandsanitationinfrastructureHealth68%

+52+27DebtsustainabilitySocialprotection14%13%56%48%41%Education+36Genderequity11%TransportMacroeconomicstabilityTourismdevelopmentEnvironment/NaturalresourcemanagementRegionalintegrationDisasterriskmanagementCrimeandviolence^Judiciaryreform+398%Agricultureandfoodsecurity^Jobcreation/employmentPublicsectorgovernance32%27%6%5%5%5%3%3%3%2%25%24%24%22%IMPORTANT

NOTE:The

overallincreaseinpercentages

in

the

chart

isEnergy/ExtractivesDigitalDevelopment^^SocialInclusion+18+19+17+13+13partially

attributableto

thechange

inthemethodology.

InFY18,

respondents

couldselectupto

threepriorities,

while

inFY23

theycouldselect

uptofive.Climatechange19%19%16%OtherPrivatesectordevelopmentUrbandevelopmentTradeFY23:Which

areas

shouldthe

WBG

prioritize

initswork

in

Djiboutitohavethe

most

impact

ondevelopment

resultsin

the

country?

(Choose

nomore

than5)(N=63)FY18:

In

which

sectors

doyou

believe

the

WBG

shouldfocus

most

of

its

resources

(financialandknowledgeservices)inDjibouti?(Chooseno

more

than

3)(N=198)^Comparedtothe

mean

of“Foodsecurity”

and“Agricultureandruraldevelopment”

asked

in

FY18.Q^^Compared

to

“Information

and

communications

technology”

asked

in

FY18.Effectiveness

ofWBGSupportin

Sectoral

AreasTheWBG’s

work

ingender

equity

received

thehighest

ratings

of

effectiveness

inDjibouti,

improving

significantly

compared

toFY18.

However,

ratings

ofthe

WBG’s

effectiveness

inseveral

sectoral

areas

were

significantly

lower

inFY23

compared

toFY18,

including

theWBG’s

work

in

watersupply

and

sanitation

infrastructure,

transport,

job

creation,

andenergy/extractives

which

were

among

the

top10development

priorities

for

Djibouti.MeanLevelof

EffectivenessMeanLevelof

Effectiveness12345678910123456789106.7Genderequity*Socialprotection5.45.7Agricultureandfoodsecurity*Regionalintegration6.16.46.05.45.86.36.55.3HealthJobcreation/employment*Privatesectordevelopment*6.25.26.3MacroeconomicstabilityEducation6.0Watersupplyandsanitationinfrastructure*5.15.06.36.76.56.0Debt

sustainability*Climatechange*Trade*6.16.3UrbandevelopmentSocialInclusion5.06.15.96.04.95.95.75.9DigitalDevelopment^Energy/Extractives*Publicsectorgovernance4.7Transport*5.65.56.3FY23FY18FY23FY18Environment/Natural

resourcemanagement*4.64.25.95.46.0Crimeandviolence*significantly

differentbetweenyearsHowEFFECTIVEdo

you

believe

theWorld

BankGroup

isin

terms

ofthe

work

it

doesinthefollowingareasof

development

in

Djibouti?(Ifyou

haveNOexposure

to/experience

in

workingin

anyofthe

sectorslistedbelow,

pleaserespond

“Don’tknow”),Scale:1-10(1:

Noteffective

at

all

–

10:Veryeffective)

^Digital

Development

was

compared

to

Information

and

communications

technology

in

FY18Q10MoreFrequent

andSevere

Droughts/HeatwavesisaTo

p

ClimateChange

ConcernNearly

2out

of3respondents

were

very

concerned

about

morefrequent

and

severe

droughts

/heatwaves

(64%)

when

it

comestothepotential

impacts

of

climate

change

inDjibouti.

Abouthalfof

respondents

were

alsovery

concerned

about

diminished

watersupply

forpeople

and

the

economy,

public

health,

and

unsafe

drinking

water.Morefrequentandseveredroughts/heatwavesDiminishedwatersupplyforpeopleandtheeconomyEffectsonpublichealth64%50%47%46%43%41%UnsafedrinkingwaterClimate-drivenmigrationMorefrequentandseverefloodsExtinctionofplant/animalspeciesIncreaseerosionofshorelineLandandforestdegradationLossofjobs35%29%28%27%VeryconcernedIncreasein

naturaldisastersDecreasedcropyields/foodinsecurityAirpollution25%21%16%12%ForestfiresQWhat

isyour

level

ofconcern

for

each

ofthepotentialimpacts

ofclimate

change

asitaffects

your

country?

(N=~63)(Onlythose

who

responded

“Veryconcerned”

areshown.)11Overall

Attitudes

towardthe

World

BankGroup12Key

Performance

IndicatorsInFY23,

respondents

gave

significantly

higher

ratings

for

theWBG’s

relevance

tothedevelopment

inDjibouticompared

toFY18.

Although

it

didnot

reach

statistical

significance,

more

than

athird

of

respondents

gave

highratings

(9or

10)for

theWBG’s

alignment

with

theirdevelopment

priorities,

anoteworthy

improvement

compared

toFY18.FY23MeanFY18MeanPercentage

pointschange

from

FY18-21-10+31RelevanceAlignment30%35%35%7.3*7.1*7.06.36.1-1737%-14+3135%29%Influence35%35%29%EndextremepovertyEffectivenessofachievingresults50%25%25%6.2-10-3+1340%40%20%6.46.8Low(1-6)Medium(7-8)High(9-10)*significantly

different

betweenyearsTheWorld

Bank

Groupcurrently

playsarelevantrolein

development

in

Djibouti.

Scale:

1-10

(1:Strongly

disagree

–10:

Strongly

agree)TheWorld

Bank

Group’sworkis

wellaligned

with

whatIconsider

thedevelopment

priorities

for

Djibouti.

Scale:

1-10

(1:Strongly

disagree

–10:

Strongly

agree)To

whatextentdoestheWorld

Bank

Groupinfluence

thedevelopment

agenda

in

Djibouti?

Scale:

1-10

(1:To

nodegree

at

all–10:To

averysignificant

degree)TheWorld

Bank

Group’sworkhelps

end

extremepovertyin

Djibouti.

(1:Strongly

disagree

–10:

Strongly

agree)QHoweffective

has

theWorld

BankGroupbeen

in

achieving

development

results

in

Djibouti?

1-10

(1:Noteffective

atall–

10:

Veryeffective);^InFY23,Effectiveness

was

compared

withthe

mean

score

of

thetwoquestions

asked

in

FY18:Overall,please

rateyourimpression

of

theWorld

BankGroup’s

effectiveness

in

Djibouti.

Scale:

1-10(1:Noteffective

at

all–10:

Veryeffective)

andTo

whatextentdoestheWorld

Bank

Group’sworkhelp

toachieve

development

results

inDjibouti?

Scale:

1-10(1:To

no

degree

atall–10:To

averysignificant

degree)13OverallRatingsforIndicator

QuestionsMeanRating123456789107.5Collaborationwiththenational/federalgovernment*6.3Year

comparison:

Respondents

inthisyear’s

CountrySurvey

reported

similar

aggregated

mean

ratings

for

theindicator

questions

asinFY18:7.3TheWorldBankGroupcurrentlyplaysarelevantroleindevelopmentinDjibouti.*6.3TowhatextentdoyoutrusttheWBG

todowhatis7.2Mean

overall

ratings:FY23

=6.7;FY18

=6.3.right?Howsignificanta

contributiondoyoubelievetheWBG'sknowledgeworkandactivitiesmaketodevelopmentresultsinDjibouti?7.27.3Collaboration:

Respondents

who

collaborated

with

theWBG

hadsignificantly

higher

mean

ratings

for

thetwelve

indicator

questions

asked

inthe

FY23

surveycompared

torespondents

who

didnot

collaborate

withtheWBG.

Aggregated

mean

rating

across

all:TheWBG’s

workis

wellalignedwithwhatIconsider

thedevelopment

prioritiesfor

Djibouti.7.17.17.06.1Responsivenesstoneeds*5.7Towhatextentdoes

theWorldBankGroupinfluencethedevelopmentagendainDjibouti?Collaborate

with

WBG

mean

=

7.4;Do

not

collaborate

mean

=5.5.Collaborationwithotherdonorsanddevelopmentpartners*6.86.1HoweffectivehastheWorldBankGroupbeeninachievingdevelopmentresultsinDjibouti?6.4Stakeholders:

Government

respondents

reportedsignificantly

higher

ratings

for

the

WBG’s

effectiveness(mean

=7.4),

relevance

(mean

=8.0),and

alignmentwith

development

priorities

(mean

=7.8)

compared

tonon-government

respondents

(means

=5.5,

6.6,and6.4,respectively).6.46.4AccesstoWBG

staffandexpertsCollaborationwithcivilsocietyCollaborationwithprivatesector6.26.0FY23FY185.95.75.8*significantly

different

betweenyearsQMeanRatingsfor

thetwelve

COSIndicatorQuestionsby

Stakeholder

Groups

onaScalefrom

1

to10.These

selected

indicatorsarelistedatthe

end

ofthisreport.14World

Bank

Group’s

Work

andEngagement

ontheGround15TheWBG’s

Accessibilityand

ResponsivenessMeanLevelof

AgreementPerception

of

responsiveness

to

needssignificantly

improved

compared

toFY18.12345678910When

examining

onlythose

respondents

whocollaborate

with

the

WBG,

perceptions

still

improved,andthe

perception

of

responsiveness

toneedsincreased

statistically

significant:7.1Responsivenessto

needs*5.7Mean

responsiveness:

FY23

=

7.8;FY18

=5.5.FY23FY186.4Mean

accessibility:FY23

=7.1;FY18

=6.2.Accessto

WBGstaffandexperts6.2*Significantly

different

betweenyearsTo

what

extent

isthe

World

BankGroup

an

effective

development

partnerinDjibouti,

in

terms

ofeachofthe

following?,

Scale:1-10

(1:To

nodegree

at

all

–

10:To

averysignificant

degree)Q16WBGasaDevelopmentPartner

and

CollaboratorMeanLevelof

Agreement123456789107.5Respondents

gave

the

highest

mean

ratings

for

theWBG’s

collaboration

with

the

national

government,closelyfollowed

byother

donors

and

developmentpartners.TheNational

Government*OtherDonorsandDevelopmentPartners*CivilSociety6.36.8Inaddition,

perceptions

of

theWBG’s

collaboration

withthegovernment

and

itscollaboration

with

other

donorsanddevelopment

partners

significantly

improvedcompared

toFY18.6.1FY23FY186.05.9When

examining

onlythose

respondents

who

collaboratewith

theWBG,

perceptions

ofthe

WBG’s

collaborationwith

thenational

government

andother

donors

stillimproved

significantly

(FY23

mean

=8.2and7.5,respectively;

FY18

mean

=6.2and6.1,

respectively).Ratings

fortheWBG’s

collaboration

with

civil

society

andtheprivate

sector

trended

inthesame

direction

but

didnot

reach

statistical

significance.5.8Academia^5.85.8PrivateSector*Significantly

different

betweenyears^Not

asked

in

FY18QTo

what

extent

isthe

WBG

aneffective

development

partnerin

Djibouti,

interms

ofcollaboratingwith

the

following

groups:

(1-Stronglydisagree,10-Stronglyagree)17Communicationsand

Outreach18Recent

Engagement

with

theWBG57%

of

respondents

recalled

hearing

or

seeing

something

about

theWBG

inthelast

30days.

Thosewho

collaborate

with

theWBG

were

significantly

more

likelytorecall

hearing

or

seeing

something

(70%)

than

those

who

don’tcollaborate

(38%).Over

athird

of

respondents

recalled

visiting

the

WBG

Website

or

recalled

receiving

information

about

theWBG

from

televisionor

at

events/conferences/seminars.About

2of

10respondents

reported

seeing

information

on

social

media,

most

often

using

Facebook,

Twitter,and

LinkedIn.Percentage

ofRespondentsWBGWebsiteTelevision(TV)36%33%33%28%25%19%11%8%8%6%3%3%Event/conference/seminar(inpersonoronline)43%43%43%Newspapers(Printoronline)Direct

contactwithWBGstaffSocialmediae-NewslettersDirect

messagingOther14%14%RadioFacebookTwitterLinkedIn

YouTube

WhatsAppBlogsPodcastsDoyou

recallseeingorhearinganything

about

theWBG

inthelast30

days?

(N=63)Where

do

you

recallseeingorhearingthisinformation?

(Checkallthat

apply)

(N=36)What

socialmedia

platforms

do

you

recallseeingthisinformation

on?(Checkall

that

apply)

(N=7)Q19Topics

RecalledPercentage

ofRespondents31%Of

those

respondents

who

recalled

seeing

or

hearingsomething

about

the

WBG

inthelast

30days,approximately

3in10

recalled

seeing/hearing

aboutWBG

research

or

work

insupport

of

educationsystems

indeveloping

countries

(31%).

A

quarterofrespondents

recalled

WBGwork

orresearch

onclimate

change

(25%).WBGresearchorworkin

supportforeducationsystemsindevelopingcountriesWBGwork

orresearchonclimatechangeWBGwork

orresearchonenergy25%22%WBGwork

to

providedebtrelieffordevelopingcountries19%WBGglobaleconomicforecasts19%Other19%WBGwork

orresearchonfoodinsecurity11%QWhat

topicswere

includedinwhat

you

saworheard?

(Checkallthat

apply)

(N=36)20Message

RecallandPerceptions

ofWBGWorkMeanLevelof

Agreement12345678910Agreement

that

theWBG

provides

supporttoimprove

access

and

quality

of

educationindeveloping

countries

was

highest

acrossall

respondents

(mean

=7.3).7.6TheWBGprovidessupporttoimproveaccessandqualityofeducationindevelopingcountries.6.6Thoserespondents

who

recalled

seeing

orhearing

something

about

theWBG

inthe

last30days

tended

tohave

higher

levels

ofagreement

onkeymessages

regarding

theWBG’s

work,

significantly

sofor

messagesabout

theWBG’s

work

on

food

crisis,

energy,climate,

and

debt

solutions.TheWBGhelps

addressthecurrentfoodcrisisandenablesgreaterpreparednesstofuturefoodsecuritycrises*7.44.9Heardabout

theWBGinthelast30days7.1TheWBGhelpscountriesboost

climateresilienceandmitigatetheeffectsofclimatechallenge*5.3Haven'theardabout

theWBGinthelast30daysTheWBGis

committedtocomprehensivedebtsolutionsthatbringsignificantbenefitstopeopleinpoorcountries*7.05.15.06.8TheWBGsupportscountriestoensure

transitiontomorediversifiedandcleanersourcesofenergy**Significant

difference

betweengroupsQDoyou

recallseeingorhearinganything

about

theWBG

inthelast30

days?

(N=63)To

what

extent

do

you

agreewith

the

following

statements:

Scale:1-10(1:To

nodegree

atall

–10:

To

averysignificantdegree)

(N~50)21SampleDemographics22Respondent

Profile:

Affiliation,GenderCurrent

AffiliationPercentage

ofRespondentsGovernmentInstitutionAcademia39%Gender30%OfficeofthePresident

/PM/MinisterBilateralor

MultilateralAgencyCivilSocietyOrganizationLocalGovernmentOfficeorStaffPrivateSector7%30%FemaleMale6%70%6%4%4%4%MediaQWhich

ofthe

following

best

describesyour

current

affiliation?

(Selectonly1response)

(N=70)What’s

your

gender?

(N=70)23Respondent

Profile:Collaboration

withthe

WBGCollaboration

with

theWBGCollaboration

InstitutionYesNoTheWorldBank(IBRD/IDA)98%40%60%TheInternationalFinanceCorporation(IFC)2%QCurrently,

doyou

professionallycollaborate/work

with

theWorld

BankGroup

(IBRD,

IFC,MIGA,ICSID)

in

your

country?

(N=70)Which

ofthe

following

agencies

oftheWorld

BankGroup

do

you

primarilycollaborate/work

with

in

Djibouti?(Select

only1

response)

(N=42)24Methodology25MethodologyStatistical

AnalysisFromMarch

2023

to

April

2023,atotal

of212

stakeholders

oftheWBG

inDjibouti

wereinvited

toprovide

their

opinions

on

theWBG’s

workinthe

country

byparticipating

inaCountry

OpinionSurvey(COS).Participants

weredrawnfrom

theOffice

ofthePresident,

PrimeMinister,

orMinister;government

institutions;local

governments;

bilateral

/multilateral

agencies;

privatesector;civil

society;academia,

research

institutes,

and

thinktanks,andthemedia.Scale

bucketing:When

mentioning

Low,

Medium,and

High

inthescalesthroughout

this

report:1-6

islow;7-8ismedium;

and

9-10ishigh.Statistical

significance:Key

statistically

significant

findings

are

denoted

with

anasterisk

(*)throughout

thereport

or

discussed

inthedescriptions

ofthe

charts.Significance

ismeasured

atp-value

<.05A

total

of70

stakeholders

participated

in

thesurvey(33%response

rate).Respondents

completed

thequestionnairevia

anonline

platform.Everycountry

that

engages

intheCOSmust

include

specificindicator

questions;

several

ofthem

are

aggregated

for