外研版初二(上)英语第22讲：Module11语法篇(学生版)

Module11语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟练掌握本模块语法知识。

must的用法

1.表示“必须，一定要“，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。否定形式为mustnot（mustn’t）表示“不能、禁止”。

Youmustworkhardifyouwanttogotocollege.

如果你想去大学，就必须努力学习。

You

mustn't

playwithfire.

你不许玩火。

2.must的一般疑问句

must的一般疑问句，将must提前，回答must的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用“Yes,主语+must”，否定回答

不能用mustn't，而用“No,sb

needn't.”或“No,sbdon’thaveto.

”

---Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?

我们必须今天交作业本吗？

---Yes,youmust.

是的，你必须。

----No,youdon’thaveto/you

needn't.

不，你不必。

can的用法

1.表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。

Canyouliftthisheavybox?（体力）

你能搬起这个重箱子吗？

Marycanspeakthreelanguages.（知识）

玛丽能说三种语言。

Canyouskate?（技能）

你会溜冰吗？2.表示请求和允许。

CanIgonow?

我现在能走吗？

CanIhelpyou?

我能帮你吗？3.can’t表示“不能，不可以”，但语气弱于mustn't。

Youcan’tputthemilkinfirst.

你不能先倒牛奶。

need的用法

need做情态动词表需要，可用于肯定句、否定句及疑问句中。否定形式为neednot（needn't），表示不必。You

needn't

comesoearly.

你不必来这么早。need的一般疑问句形式需要将need提前，肯定回答为“Yes,主语+must”，否定回答为“No,主语+needn't

”。

--NeedIfinishtEg：Ourclassroomneedscleaningeveryday.

情态动词may/might用法

1.表示请求允许（即请求别人允许自己做某事），两者都可用，只是might表示的语气较委婉（但并不表示过去）：May/MightIsithere?

我可以坐在这里吗?IwonderifImightaskyouafavor.

不知能否请你帮个忙。2.表示给予允许（即自己允许别人做某事），通常要用may而不用might：Youmaycomeinnow.

你现在可以进来了。Youmaynottellhimthis.

你不可以告诉他这件事。体会以下对话的问句与答句：

A：May/Might]Istay?

我可以留下吗?（表请求，可用两者）

B：Yes,youmay.可以。（表允许，不能用might）1.Excuseme,sir.You________openthedoorbeforethetrainstops.A.mustn’t B.needn’tC.maynot D.don’thaveto2.—MustIlearnallthesewordsbyheart?—No,you______.It’llbefineifyoucopytheminyourexercisebooks.A.needn’t B.can’tC.shouldn’t D.mustn’t3.Weneed_______speakingEnglishasmuchaspossible.A.topractise B.practising C.practiced D.practiceThecarneeds________afterrain.A.clean B.cleaningC.cleaned D.toclean5.Lynn______bevotedastheclassmonitorassheissopopularamongherclassmates.A.can B.mayC.need D.shall基础演练一．用can,may,must,can’t或mustn’t填空1．—_______youskateonrealice?—No,Ican’t.2．—Who’sthatman?—He_______beourEnglishteacher.OurEnglishteacherhasgoneabroad.3．You_______listentoyourteachercarefullyinclass.4．We________crosstheroadifthetrafficlightisred.5．It_______berainytonight,butI’mnotsure.巩固提高一、用适当的情态动词填空1．Don’tbelievehim.It_______betrue.2．Youareill,Tom.You_______seethedoctor.3．—________Icomein?—No,you_______．4．—________youtellmewherethepostofficeis?—It’sjustroundthecorner.You_______missit.5．—________Ilookaftermyyoungersistertoday,Mum?—No,you________．二．根据汉语提示完成句子1．不准在街上踢足球。You_____footballonthestreet.2．当外国朋友送你礼物时，你必须马上打开它。Whenforeignfriendsgiveyouapresent,you_____________immediately.3．记住，在中国新年的第一天不能打扫卫生。Remember,you______________onthefirstdayoftheChineseNewYear.4．你现在不可以听音乐，必须先做完家务活。You_______listentomusic.You_____finishthehousework______．5．用英语和他们交谈很重要。It’simportant_________theminEnglish.一．单项选择.1.There’sonlyonedaytogo.You________finishyourschoolworkbytomorrow.A.can B.will C.must D.may2.You________eatanyfoodintheschoollibrary.A.can’t B.needn’tC.mustn’t D.won’t3.It’sagasstation(加油站).You________smokehere.A.must B.canC.mustn’t D.maynot4.—MustIlearnallthesewordsbyheart?—No,you________.It’llbefineifyoucopytheminyourexercisebooks.A.needn’t B.can’tC.shouldn’t D.mustn’t5.—Mum,mayIgotoTom’sbirthdaypartythisevening?—OK.Butyou________bebackbefore11o’clock.A.may B.can’tC.must D.needn’t6—HowfarisYuhuaMiddleSchoolfromhere?—It’saboutfiveminutes’walk.around B.over C.morethan D.lessthan7.Thereis________inthenewspaper.Youshouldreadit.A.anythingimportantB.nothingimportantC.somethingimportantD.importantsomething8.I'mafraidit______raintoday.A.need B.mightC.can D.shall9.Thevideofilmwasn'tinterestingatall,______thelittleboystillwatcheditcarefully.A.but B.soC.then D.and10.Ithink______isveryimportant______thechildrentolearntoswim.A.it;for B.that;forC.it;of D.that;of二.完形填空。Smalltalkisagoodwaytokilltimeandmakefriends.Ifyou1toothercountries,doyouknowwhattosaytostartasmalltalkwithlocalpeople?InBritain,thebesttopicistheweather.British2changesquiteoften.It’salsoasafetopic(话题).Youcanstartasmalltalksimplybysaying“It’salovelydaytoday,isn’tit?”Besidesweather,it’sgoodtotalkaboutgardens3Englishpeople.Forexample,youcouldsay,“Thoseroseslookreallybeautiful,4?”Englishpeoplelovetheirpets.Soit’salsonicetobeginwith“Whatalovely5!Whatisitsname?”InAmerica,peopleliketotalkaboutsports,6Americanfootballandbasketball.Theyalsotalkaboutclothesbysaying“It’saniceshirt!Wheredidyougetit?”Theweatherisa7topicthere,too.Ofcourse,therearealsoalotoftopicstoavoid(避免)duringsmalltalkinwesterncountries.Don’taskpeople“Howoldareyou?”Ageisusuallya8,especiallyforwomen.9ask“Howmuchmoneydoyoumake?”Itmakespeopleuncomfortable.Don’taskstrangerswhethertheyhaveagirlfriend10aboyfriend.Politics(政治)orreligion(宗教)isnotagoodtopicfortwopeoplewhohavejustmet,either.A.listen B.travel C.talk D.want2.A.weather B.peopleC.food D.clothesA.in B.at C.with D.on4.A.don’tthey B.dotheyC.aren’tthey D.aretheyA.day B.rose C.dog D.bag6.A.suchthat B.thesameasC.sothat D.suchas7.A.dangerous B.difficultC.safe D.hard8.A.friend B.secretC.problem D.questionA.Never B.Still C.Ever D.UsuallyA.and B.so C.but D.or__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、完形填空

。Aroundtheworld,peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatgoodtablemannersare.InIndia,1,peopleonlyeatwiththeirrighthands.Youtakefoodfromonedishonthetable,usuallyakindofbreadorrice,mixitwithfoodfromanotherdishandthenputitinyourmouth.Yourlefthandstays2.Eatingwithyourlefthandisveryrude!Inwesterncountries,peopledonotusuallysharethesamedishes.Everyonehashisorherownplateoffood.Youeatwithaknifeandforkandyou3wavethemaroundwhenyouarenoteating.Trynottobe4wheneating.Peoplethinkthatisbadtablemanners!Whenyougotosomerestaurantsindifferentpartoftheworld,itisimportanttoknow5peoplethinkisrude.Forexample,inChinaitisOKtobenoisyinarestaurant.6,inmanywesterncountries,restaurantsarequietplaces.Ifatableistoonoisy,othercustomersmightnotbehappy.7themealisalsodifferentfromcountrytocountry.InChina,onepersonusuallypaysforeveryone.Inwesterncountries,whenfriendseattogether,they8sharethecost.Thisiscalled“goingDutch.”Whenwesternerspaythecheck,theyusuallyleavesome9forthewaiter.thisiscalled“leavingatip.”IntheU.S.,it’scommontoleavetipsof10%,15%or20%ofthecheck.Theamountdependson(由……决定)howgoodthewaiterwas.10waiterscangetalotofmoney!()1.A.suchas B.infactC.atlast D.forexample()2.A.busy B.stillC.moving D.shaking()3.A.may B.mustC.shouldn’t D.need()4.A.friendly B.quietC.noisy D.sleepy()5.A.what B.howC.which D.why()6.A.So B.OrC.Though D.However()7.A.Askingfor B.PayingforC.Lookingthrough D.searchingfor()8.A.usually B.sometimesC.never D.ever()9.A.food B.drinksC.money D.flowers()10.A.Bad B.GoodC.Careful D.Beautiful二．阅读理解。ADifferentcountrieshavedifferentideasabouthowtobepolite.InBritain,tablemanners(礼仪)areimportant.ButhowdoyoushowgoodtablemannersinBritain?Pleasereadthefollowingadvice.Howtosit:Youshouldsitupstraight(直)inyourchair.Whenyoueat,don’tpickupthebowlandbringittoyou.Thisisaverybadmanner.Noisesatthetable:Itisneveragoodideatomakeanoiseatthetable.Usingyourfingers:Usuallywedon’tpickupfoodwithourfingerswhenweareeatingmaindishes,buttherearesomefoodssuchaspizza,sandwiches,chips(orfries)andfruit,wecaneatthemwithfingers.Yourmouth:Itisnotthoughtpolitetotalkwithyourmouthfulloffood,nortoeatwithyourmouthopen.Pleaseremembernottomakeanoise.Howmuchtoeat:Itispolitetoeatthefoodthatyouhavebeenoffered,soaclearplateisagoodplate.Itshowsthatyouhaveenjoyedthefood.Ifyoucan’tfinisheverythingandyouneedtoleavealittle,that’sOK.Youcouldsaysomethinglike“Thatwasverynice.Thankyou.”1.Thereare________piece(s)ofadvice.A.six B.fiveC.three D.one2.It’s________tomakeanoisewhenyouareeating.A.rude B.politeC.pleased D.excited3.Thepassagemainlytellsusabout________.A.howtobepoliteathomeB.howtouseyourfingersC.thetablemannersinBritainD.somefoodinBritainBGoingtoafriend’shouseisveryexciting.Youmayspendtimewithafriendandgettoseewherehelives,butremembertobepolite.WhentoarriveThefirstthingtorememberisthatwhenafriendinvitesyou,youneedtoarriveontime.Ifyourfriendtellsyoutocome“around3：00”，thatmeansyoucanarrivealittlebitafter3：00.Butusuallyitisagoodideatoarriveattherighttime.WhattobringOftenitisalsonicetobringsomethingtoyourfriend’shouse.Thiscouldbeaboxofchocolateforyoutwotoshare,ormaybeamoviethatyoucanwatchtogether.Youcanalsobringsomeflowers.Alittlegiftisanicewaytoshowthatyouareexcitedtobeathishouse.HowtogreetWhenyouvisityourfriend’shouse,youmayalsomeethisparents.Youshouldtellthemwhoyouareandtheymaytellyoutheirnames.Asachild,IwenttovisitmyfriendPaul.IcalledhisparentsbytheirfirstnameJohnandMary.ButnowIknowitismorepolitetocallthemMrorMrsSmith.Thiswillshowthemmorerespect(尊重)andthentheymaytellyoutocallthembytheirfirstnames.AnotherwaytoshowrespectistocallthemSirorMadam.Itisacoolthingtovisitafriend’shouse.Bepolitetoyourfriendandyourfriend’sparents,andyouwillbeinvitedagain!1.Ifyouaretoldtogettoyourfriend’shousearound5：00pm,itispolitetoarriveat________pm.A.5：02 B.4：50C.4：30 D.5：302.Whenyouareinvitedbyyourfriend,you’dbetterbringsome________.A.moneyB.chickenandapplesC.chocolateorflowersD.wineandmeat3.Whenthewriterwasachild,hecalledhisfriend’sfather________.A.Smith B.JohnC.Mary D.Paul4.Whichisthebesttitle?A.WhentoArriveatYourFriend’sHouseB.HowtoGreetPeopleC.WhattoBringtoYourFriendD.HowtoBeaGoodVisitor5.Thepassagemaybefrom________.A.anoticeonawallB.alettertoafriendC.anarticleinamagazineD.anewsstoryinapaper（2014--2015外研版八年级上学期英语期末模拟试）CMaybeyouareanaverage(一般的)student.Youprobablythinkyouwillneverbeatopstudent(尖子生).However,anyonecanbecomeabetterstudentifheorshedoeshisorherbest.Herearesometips(技巧)tohelpyou.Planyourtimecarefully.Youshouldplanyourtimeforsuchthingsaseating,sleepinganddressing.Thenmakeagood,regulartimeforstudying,butdon’tforgettosetenoughtimeforentertainment(娱乐).Keepyourstudyquietandclean.Thestudyshouldhaveadesk,achairandsomestudymaterials(资料),butnogames,noradioandnotelevision!Whenyousitdowntostudy,youcanputyourheartintoit.Makegooduseofyourtime.Listentoeverythingthattheteachersays.Listeningcarefullyinclassmeanslessworklater.Takingnoteswillhelpyourememberwhattheteachersays.Afteryougethomefromschool,gooveryournotes.Reviewtheimportantpoints.Ifyouknowwhatyourteacherisgoingtodiscussnextday,readthematerial.Itwillhelpyoustudybetter.Developagoodattitude(态度)totests.Thepurpose(目的)ofatestistoshowwhatyouhavelearnedaboutasubject.Ithelpsyouknowwhatyouarenotgoodat.Theworldwillstillgoonevenif(即使)youfail(不及格)inatest,sodon’tbetooworried.()1.Howmanytipsarementionedinthepassage?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.()2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“study”meaninChinese?A.学习 B.研究 C.书房 D.教室()3.Whichisagoodplaceforstudying?A.Acleanandbeautifulplace.B.Theplacewithacomputer.C.Theplacewithatelevisionandaradio.D.Aquietplacewithachair,adeskandsomestudymaterials.()4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thetestisthemostimportantforastudent.B.Afterclass,youshouldreviewwhatyouhavelearned.C.Youshouldlistentoyourteacherandtakenotescarefullyinclass.D.Whenyouplanyourtime,youshouldthinkofthetimeforeating,sleepingandsoon.()5.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtobecomeatopstudent.B.Howtoplanyourtime.C.HowtostudyEnglish.D.Howtotakenotes.D、Singaporeismadeupofmanykindsofpeople.ThelargestgroupsareChinese,MalaysandIndians.Eachgrouphasitsownspecialweddingcustoms.Chineseweddings:Beforethewedding,themothersofthebrideandthegroom（新郎新娘）dothehairforthem.Thebrideandthegroommaketeaforthegroom’sparents,auntsanduncles.Thentheygotothebride’sfamilytogivegifts.Afterthattheytakesomepictures.Theyrideinacarwithred,pinkandgoldribbondecoration.Intheeveningthereisabigdinner.Thewomenwearpinkorgolddressesbecausethoseareluckycolors.Thebrideusuallywearsaredor