中职英语Unit3-现在完成时

present(now)futurepast

现在完成时(presentperfecttense)现在完成时一.构成:have/has+done(过去分词)过去分词(pp)其变化方法和动词过去式根本相同。有局部不同，需要记好。HehaslivedinShenzhenfor4years.Hehasn’tlivedinShenzhenfor4years.HashelivedinShenzhenfor4years?Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.Iboughtanapple.pastnowfutureIhaveanapple.Ihaveboughtanapple.表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成影响或结果。oneminuteago1.表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。Someonehasbrokenthewindow.(窗户现在是坏的)Ihavealreadylostthekey.(我现在没有钥匙)Ihaven’treadthatbookyet.(不了解书的内容)Ihavejustcleanedmyhands.(手是干净的)常与already(已经),yet(已经),just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用.already:常用于肯定句中.yet:常用于否认句,疑问句尾.Ilivedhere.pastnowfutureIstilllivehere.Ihavelivedherefortwoyears.表示过去开始的动作持续到现在，甚至还可能继续下去。Inevermove.twoyearsago2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。ShehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.HehaslivedinBeijingsince

hewasborn.Haveyoustayedheresince

3o’clock?常与for,since引导的时间短语或从句连用.for+时间段since+时间点,since+句子常用于现在完成时的时间副词、介词:already(已经):用于肯定句Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.yet(已经):用于否认句,疑问句Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.just(刚刚)Theyhavejustleft.ever(曾经)HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?never(从不)Ihaveneverseenhim.before(以前)Haveyouseenthefilmbefore?since(自从…以来)I’veworkedintheschoolsince1999.for(长达)He’slivedinShenzhenfor6years.inthepastseveraldays/weeks/years(在过去的…)recently(最近)Ihavenotwrittentomyparentsrecently.sofar(到目前为止)Sofarshehaslearned5Englishsongs.uptonow(到目前为止)按要求改变句子。1.Shehasdoneherhomework.(改否认句)2.Shehasalreadytoldusthenews.(改否认句)3.Therainhasalreadystopped.(改一般疑问句)4.Ihavewaitedherefortwohours.(划线提问)Shehasn’tdoneherhomework.Shehasn’ttoldusthenewsyet.Hastherainstoppedyet?Howlonghaveyouwaitedhere?5.HehaslivedinShangHaisinceheleftBeijing.(划线提问)6.Theyhaveboughtanewcar,______________?(反义疑问句)7.ShehaslearnedFrenchsince2002.(同意句)ShehaslearnedFrench______2years.ShehaslearnedFrench_______2years________.WherehashelivedsinceheleftBeijing?haven’ttheyforsinceagosince:(自…以来)1)since+时间点He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+时间段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+从句She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.for:(长达〕for+时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:

Takenotes

用for或since填空Mr.BrownhashadhisTV________15years.I’vetakendrivinglessons_________lastmonth.Mysisterhashadhercellphone________amonth.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme___________mybirthday.Wehaven’tusedourcar________alongtime.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_________years.Tomhaswornglasses_________hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsince他的爷爷已经去世2年了。

Nick参军3年了.

他离开深圳好长时间了。这本书我已借了4个月了.Hisgrandpahasdiedfor2years.Nickhasjoined

thearmyfor3years.HehasleftShenzhenforalongtime.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor4months.XXXX实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词(die,join,leave,borrow等)2)延续动词(wait,know,learn等)注意:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词

2)延续动词

瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.method1:

动作状态diebeoverleaveborrow/buyarrivebeginend/finishjoinmarrykeep/hadbeawaybeherebeon(上演〕bemarriedbeinbedead他的爷爷已经去世2年了。

Nick参军3年了.

他离开深圳好长时间了。这本书我已借了4个月了.Hisgrandpahasbeendeadfor2years.Nickhasbeeninthearmyfor3years.HehasbeenawayfromShenzhenforalongtime.Ihavehad/keptthebookfor4months.method2:Itis+时间段since+一般过去时的句子.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。

Nick参军3年了.

他离开深圳好长时间了。这本书我已借了4个月了.Itis2yearssincehisgrandpadied.

Itis3yearssinceNickjoinedthearmy.ItisalongtimesinceheleftShenzhen.Itis4monthssinceIborrowedthebook.1.TheEnglishprofessorarrivedhereaboutaweekagoTheEnglishprofessor_________hereforaboutaweek.2.Herhusbandstartedtoworkonthefarmthreehoursago.Herhusband__________onthefarmforthreehours.3.TheFrenchmusiciancametoChinalastmonth,andheisstillhere.TheFrenchmusician______________Chinaforamonth.4.Hejoinedthearmyin1985.He______________thearmy____1985.改写句子，使原句的意思不变，每空一词。hasbeenhasworkedhasbeeninhasbeen

insince5.Thebusleftfiveminutesago.Thebus_____already_________forfiveminutes.6.ThegirlboughtanewschoolbaginSeptember.Thegirl_________theschoolbagsinceSeptember.7.Theshopclosedlastwinter.Theshop_________________sincelastwinter.8.Thefilmbegantenminutesago.Thefilm______________fortenminutes.9.Thedogdiedtwodaysago.Thedog__________________fortwodays.

10.Themeetingendedlastmonth.Themeeting_________________foramonth.hasbeenawayhas

hadhasbeenclosedhasbeenonhasbeendeadhasbeenoverLearningmoreaboutpresentperfecttense.1A:Whereisyourfather?Steve?B:Oh,hehasgonetoShanghaiforameeting.Thepersonisnothere.2A:Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays,Tom?B:IhavebeentoTibet.A:Oh,really?Wasitgreatfun?B:Yes,veryexciting.Thepersonhascomebackandheishere.IhaveneverbeentoLondonbefore.ShehasbeentoChinamanytimes.havebeentoswh.:曾经去过某地，已经回来．hasgonetoswh.:某人去了某地，还没有回来．用have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto填空：1.—Whereisyourbrother?—He____________theshop.He’llbebacksoon.2.—______youever_________toAmerica?—Yes,I___________NewYorktwice.3.—Hereyouareatlast!Where_____you_____?—I_____________London.4.—David_______________Australia.—I’msurehe’salreadyarrived.5.—IsBennyhere?—No,he__________theschoollibrary.Heleftfiveminutesago.hasgonetoHavebeentohavebeentohavebeenhavebeentohasgonetohasgoneto选择been,gone填空.1.Jimisonholiday.Hehas________toItaly.2.Hello!Ihavejust________totheshops.Ihaveboughtl