hearing保持听觉培训模块

HearingConservationTrainingModule保持听觉培训模块SECCOPRODUCTIONTECHNICALTRAININGTEAMSECCO

生产技术培训组1Thisselfpacedrefreshertrainingmodulewilladdresstheactionsthatshouldbetakentoavoidexposuretohighnoiselevels.此培训模块会提及怎样避免接触高噪音等级所应采取的措施。Theproperusageofapprovedhearingprotectioncanhelppreventhearinglossassociatedtohighnoiseexposures.正确使用已审核过的听觉保护器能帮助防止接触相关的高噪音而引起的听觉受损。2Onceyousuccessfullycompletethistrainingmoduleyoushouldbeknowledgeableabout:一旦你成功的完成此培训模块，你就会对以下内容有更好的理解：Thehazardsassociatedwithexcessivenoise exposures.和过高噪音接触相关的危险。Whatisconsideredtobehighnoiselevels.高噪音的认定。Whereishearingprotectionrequiredwithinthe site.在现场需听觉保护的地方。Whatformsofhearingprotectionisavailable withinSECCOSECCO已有的听觉保护的形式。Whatstepsarebeingtakentoidentifyhigh noiseareas.确认高噪音区域所应采取的步骤。Whatactionsarebeingtakentotrackemployee noiseexposures.跟踪检查员工噪音接触所应采取的步骤。3噪声定义噪声是一种人们所不希望要的声音。也就是说凡是不需要的，使人厌烦并对人类生活和生产有妨碍的声音都是噪声。4HazardsOfNoiseExposures噪音接触的危险Prolongedexposuretohighnoiselevels,85decibelsorgreater,canresultinsomedegreeofhearingloss.长时间的接触高噪音等级，85分贝或高于85分贝，会引起一定程度的听力受损。Noiseinducedhearinglosscanoccurfromexposuretoloudnoiseforafewhours,with normalhearingusuallyreturningafterashort restperiodawayfromloudnoises.噪音引起的听力受损会在接触高噪音数小时后，随着远离高噪音到正常的听觉恢复后，一会儿时间内发生。Permanenthearinglossmayalsooccurasaresultoftheagingprocess,disease,injury,orexposuretoloudnoiseforextendedperiodsof time.永久性听力受损可能是由于年龄，疾病，受伤，或长时间的暴露于高噪音引起的。5Personnelwhoregularlysustainatemporary hearinglosswilleventuallyhavesomepermanent hearingloss.有常规性的临时听觉受损的人最终会引起永久性听觉受损。Permanenthearinglosscanoccurasaresultof asingle“blast”ofnoise.

一个“爆炸声”也可以引起永久性听力受损。6CommonNoiseLevels普通噪音等级140decibels-(thresholdofpain)jetaircraft140分贝-（开始疼痛）喷气式飞机声120decibels-hydroblasting120分贝-高压水力清洗声110decibels-airarcing,steamlances110分贝-空气电弧声，气枪声100decibels-pneumaticchipping100分贝-气动切片声95decibels-lawnmower95分贝-草坪割草机声90decibels-(OSHAPEL8hrs)dieseltruck90分贝-（OSHAPEL8小时）柴油车声85decibels-HearingProtectionRequired85分贝-需听觉保护t 65decibels-Normalspeakingvoice

65分贝-正常说话声Thecriticalrangewherehearingcanbedamagedpainlesslyisbetween85decibelsand 125decibels.听觉在不知不觉受损的重要范围是在85分贝及125分贝之间。7工业企业噪声卫生标准参照表8Athree(3)decibelchangeinsoundisthe smallestlevelofchangethatcanberecognized bythehumanear.人耳能辩识的最小声音变化等级是3分贝。Aten(10)decibelincreaseinsoundlevel doublestheapparentloudness.增加10分贝的声音等级，会使响度翻倍。A90decibelsoundreadingsoundstwiceas loudasa80decibelreading.90分贝的大声朗读声，听起来是80分贝朗读声的2倍。9HearingProtectionUsageGuidelines听觉保护使用纲要Earplugsand/orearmuffsshouldbe wornasfollows:耳塞和/或耳套按如下佩带：

w Onoperatingfacilities,duringnormal operations,earplugsand/orearmuffsmustbewornbyallpersonneloutsideofcontrolrooms.

在生产装置上，正常生产期间，不在控制室的所有人员必须佩带耳塞和/或耳套。

w Duringfacilityturnaroundshearingprotection mustbewornduringsteamoutactivitiesandinthevicinity(50ft.)ofoperatingportable equipmentormobileequipment.

装置检修期间，排蒸汽及操作可携带或可移动设备的附近（50英尺），必须佩带耳塞和/或耳套。

w Hearingprotectionmayberequiredinother designatedworkareaswhereworkactivities generatenoiselevelsinexcessof85 decibels.听觉保护在有超过85分贝产生的指定工作场所应佩带耳塞和/或耳套。10Allpersonnelareresponsibleforand expectedtowearhearingprotectionin designatedareas.所有人员对在指定地点负责并期望佩带听觉保护。Supervisionwillberesponsiblefor verifyingtheirpersonnelwearprotective equipmentindesignatedareas.管理人员应对被检查的人员是否在指定地点佩带听觉保护负责。SECCOjobrepresentativesareresponsiblefor verifyingthattheircontractorswear appropriatehearingprotection.SECCO工作代表应对被检查的承包商是否佩带听觉保护负责。11IdentifyingHighNoiseAreas确认高噪音区域Operatingfacilities areresponsiblefor postingsignswarning personnelabouthigh noiseareas.生产装置应负责张贴标识，向员工警示高噪音区。Signswillbepostedoncontrolroom doorsleadingtooutsideworkareas.标识应贴在通向至外面工作区域的控制室门上。CAUTION警告HIGHNOISEAREA高噪音区域WEAREARPROTECTION佩带听觉保护12Soundlevelsurveyswillbeperformedby HSEpersonnelasneededandapplicable personnelwillbeinformedoftheresults.根据需要，声音等级调查应有HSE人员负责，并且将结果告知相关人员。Signswillbepostedinotherareas wheresoundlevelsurveysindicatehearing protectionisrequired.标识应贴在经过声音等级调查后，需戴听觉保护的地方。13ApprovedHearingProtection审核过的听觉保护Hearingprotectorsarenormallydesigned toreducenoiselevels,whichreach workersears,byapproximately20to30 decibels.Toreachthesegoals,they mustbeinstalledandwornproperlyby users.听觉保护的设计是为了减少可到达工人耳朵里的噪音等级，大约20至30分贝。SECCOfacilitiesprovidevariousstylesof hearingprotectionforpersonnelwhich shouldbeworninhighnoiseareas.SECCO给员工提供了多种多样的听觉保护，使他们能在高噪音的区域佩带。14Thestylesofhearingprotectorsapproved forusagearereviewedbelow:已审核可以使用的听觉保护的式样如下：

DisposableEarPlugs-

耳塞15

EarMuffs-Youshouldbeaware ofthefactthatthisformof hearingprotectionnormally providestheleastamountof noisereductiontoitsuser.These protectorsareavailableupon requestatvariouslocationswithin thesite.Earmuffsrequire frequentinspectionandcleaning.Theuseof safetyglasses,withearmuffs,reducesthe protectionfactorsincethetemplepiecesmust passthroughthemuffssealingsurface.

耳套—你应意识到一般此种形式的听觉保护给使用者提供的噪音减小量是最少的。在现场，这些耳套只有在提出申请要求的地点有。耳套需经常检查并清洗。耳套和安全眼镜一起使用会减少噪音保护因素，因为眼镜架一定会穿过耳套的密封表面。16Formaximumprotectionagainsthighnoise exposures,youmayneedtoweara combinationofearplugsandearmuffs. However,withthiscombination,youwill needtobesurethatyouarestillable tohearnecessarycommunicationsand/or alarms.

最大程度的高噪音保护，你必须耳塞及耳套一起戴。但一起戴的话，你要确保能听得见必要的交流声及/或报警。Ifyouhavedocumentedhearingloss,the MedicalDepartmentmayrequirethe usageofearplugsandmuffs.若你被记录有听觉受损，医务部会要求你使用耳塞加耳套。17MonitoringPersonnelExposuresToHighNoise监督个人高噪音的接触TheMedicalDepartmentwill scheduleidentifiedpersonnel forannualhearingtests. Theywillalsoberesponsible formaintainingrecordsof employeeaudiogramsandfor notifyingidentifiedpersonnelwhenhearing lossisidentified.医务部每年会安排一定的人员作听觉测试。他们对维护员工听觉敏感图负责，并当查出有听觉受损的人员时对通知他们负责。18Foroptimumhearingtestresults, personnelscheduledfortestingshould avoidexposuretoloudnoisesfora minimumof

eighthourspriortoactually beingtested.为达到最佳测试结果，安排个人的测试时间应在在测试前已至少有8小时不与高噪音接触。GeneralClosingComments篇尾总体评述Don’tthinkthatyougetusedtohigh noiseexposures,especiallyifthereare signspostedwarningyoutowearhearing protectiondevices. Inrealityyouwill onlybelosingyourhearing.不要认为你会习惯于接触高噪音，尤其是一些有警示张贴需你佩戴听觉保护的地方。不戴的话，你会使你的听觉受损。19Thehumanearhasnodefensemechanismtoblockyourexposuretounwantednoise.人耳对于不想听的噪音是没有自然防御功能的。Ifyouselectnottowearhearingprotection,yourhearingwillbedestroyed slowly,painlessly,andwithoutyouknowingituntilitistoolate.若你不选择佩带听觉保护，你的听觉会慢慢的，在不知不觉中被破坏，在还没有意识到的时候，已经来不及。Therearemultiplesignsofhearingloss thatyoushouldbeonthelookoutfor, whichare:听觉受损有多种信号，你应时常观察，这些信号为： w

Failingtocatchwordsand/orphrases

有时听不见别人说的字和/或段落

w Ringingintheears,normallycalledtinnitus

有耳鸣声

w Shoutingorraisingyourvoicewithout