外研版九年级(上)英语第16讲：Unit8-语法(教师篇)

第16讲Unit8语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一般过去时的被动语态被动语态(2):一般过去时的被动语态【语境领悟】仔细观察例句并体会句式结构。①ZhangYiningwasnoticedbycoachWangBiling.②Theywereinvitedtohisbirthdaypartylastweekend.③Bobwasn’tchosenfortheteamlasttime.④Someplayersweren’tcomparedwiththeworld’sbestsportsstars.⑤Howmanystudentswereencouragedtomakespeechesinthecontest?【知识构建】(一)一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构肯定句主语+was/were+动词的过去分词+其他IwasinvitedtoLiLei’sbirthdaypartylastnight.昨晚,我被邀请参加了李雷的生日聚会。否定句主语+wasn’t/weren’t+动词的过去分词+其他Thebooksweren’tsenttous.这些书没有被送给我们。一般疑问句Was/Were+主语+动词的过去分词+其他Werethecarsmendedinthefactory?这些汽车在工厂里被修理过吗?特殊疑问句疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的过去分词+其他Whowaschosenforthebasketballgame?谁被选入篮球队了?(二)被动语态的几种特殊形式1.带双宾语的动词的主动语态与被动语态。谓语动词带双宾语时,既可将间接宾语转化成主语,也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。当用直接宾语作主语时,要根据动词的习惯搭配,在间接宾语前补上介词to或for。(直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人)。例如:Shegavemeabook.→Iwasgivenabookbyher.→Abookwasgiventomebyher.2.带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态。宾语加上宾语补足语构成复合宾语。变被动语态直接把宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语保留在原处,变成主语补足语。E.g.IheardJaneplayingthepianoinherroom.→Janewasheardplayingthepianoinherroom.3.被动语态后动词形式的选择。主动句中在感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice等,及使役动词let,make,have等后跟省略to的不定式,变为被动语态时,应加上不定式符号to。E.g.LastSundayweheardthemsingPekingOperainthetheatre.→TheywereheardtosingPekingOperainthetheatrelastSunday.1.ManybuildingsinLushan______intheearthquakeonApril20th.Itwillsurelybereconstructed(重建)morebeautifully.A.havedestroyed B.aredestroyed C.weredestroyedD.aredestroying2.-Youboughtanewcar!AnAmericancar?-No.AChinesecar.It______inTaizhou.A.makesB.made C.wasmade D.willbemade3.-WhydidTomgotobedsolateyesterday?-Becausehishomework_____ontime.A.didn’tfinish B.finish C.wasn’tfinished D.isn’tfinished4.ItwasreportedthatnineChinesepeople______inaballooncrash(坠毁）inEgyptonFebruary26,2013.A.arekilled B.werekilled C.willkill D.havekilled5.Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeople’slifealotsinceit_____.A.inventsB.invented C.isinvented D.wasinvented解析：C考查一般过去时的被动语态。意为许多建筑物在4.20地震中被毁坏。C考查一般过去时的被动语态。意为它产于台州。C考查一般过去时的被动语态的否定形式。意为作业没有被按时完成。4.B考查一般过去时的被动语态。意为据报道，九名中国人在2013年2月26日发生在埃及的大气球坠毁中丧生。5.D考查一般过去时的被动语态。以since引导的时间状语从句中，从句用一般过去时。基础演练I.句型转换1.Thehospitalwassetupin1972.(改为主动语态)Theworkers_____________________thehospitalin1972.2.Nickwastooyoungtogotoschool.(改为同义句)Nickwasnot_________________togotoschool.3.Whatwaswrongwithyoursister?(改为被动语态)_________________________________________withyoursister?4.Theteachergavetheboyanapple.(改为被动语态)Anapple_________________________theboybytheteacher.2155.Wesawthechildrensingthatmorning.(改为被动语态)Thechildren____________________________thatmorning.4II.用所给单词的正确形式填空完成短文Mybrotherisaverygoodswimmer.Lastyear,whenhewasonly14,he_______(choose)tobeintheschoolswimmingteam.Lastsummerhe_______(win)theschoolswimmingprize.Myparents________(decide)tosendhimtoaspecialsportsschool.Luckily,he________(accept)bytheschoolandwillstartthereinSeptember.Inthenearfuturehe________（train）bysomeofthebestswimmingcoachesinthecountry.Heisveryexcitedandhappyaboutthis.答案：I.1.setup2.oldenough3.Whatwasthematter4.wasgivento5.wereseetosingII.1.waschosen2.won3.decided4.isaccepted5.willbetrained7巩固提高阅读对话，完成填空。chooseholdwinA.Linging:Let’sanswerthesequestionsaboutsportintheschoolmagazine.Areyouready?Betty:Sure,Ilovesport.Goon,askmethefirstquestion.Linging:Where(1)________theOlympicGames______in2008?Betty:That’stooeasy!They(2)_________inBeijing.Linging:Andhowmanygoldmedals(3)_______China______attheBeijingOlympics?Betty:Oh,Iknow.Fifty…no,fifty-onegoldmedals(4)__________byChinaattheBeijingOlympics.Linging:Correct,Next,whatcompetition(5)______LiuXiang________atthe2004OlympicGames?Betty:Wasitthehurdles?Linging:Welldone!Yes,itwas.Andonemorequestion.Who(6)___________fortheschoolbasketballteamlastweek?Betty:Ha,ha!Idon’tknow.Let’sgoandfindout.B.Millionsofpeopleacrosstheworld(1)________(watch)the2008BeijingOlympicGames.TheexcellentresultsattheGamesweretheproductsofmanyyearsofhardwork.YoungOlympicplayers(2)____________(train)bytheircoaches.Theirtraining(3)______________(record)and(4)___________(compare)withthoseoftheworld’sbestplayers.Theinformation(5)__________(use)tomaketrainingmethodsbetter.Hardtrainingandpropermethodshelpedmanyplayersbecomesuccessfulatthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.答案:A.1.were;held2.wereheld3.did;win4.werewon5.did;win6.waschosenB.1.watched2.weretrained3.wasrecorded4.compared5.wasusedI.单项选择.1.Thebasketballplayer____byhiscoachtotraineveryday.A.wascompared B.advised C.compared D.wasadvised2.Theteamplayedwell,buttheydidnot____thecompetition.A.score B.do C.win D.besuccessful3.MrLi______toworkforthenewcomputercompany.A.wasnoticed B.waschosen C.setup D.held4.UN_____theUnitedNations.A.makes B.spells C.standsfor D.lookslike5.Ourteamlost!We______bytheotherteam.A.noticedB.werebeaten C.wonD.wereencouraged6.Eachyearquitealotoffood____aroundtheworld.It’sreallytimeforustodosomething.A.waswasted B.iswasted C.willbewasted7.He___tostudyharderforthecomingexamyesterday.A.encourage B.isencouraged C.wasencouraged8.ManychildreninBritain___tohavetheirownbankcardslastyear.A.allowed B.areallowed C.wereallowed9.Tom____threechancesinthehighjumpthen.A.give B.amgiven C.wasgiven D.willbegiven10.Annie_____totheparty.Shehadawonderfultimewithus.A.invites B.isinvited C.wasinvited D.hasinvitedII.完形填空Itwasacoldwinter'snightwhenIstoppedforgas(汽油)onmywayhomefromwork.Iwastiredandhadalittle1Iworkedina2doctor'soffice,andduringthosedaysmanyunexpectedthingshappened.ItseemedthatIwasgoingtobelategettinghometoday.Myhusbandwhoisapunctual(守时的~)personwouldbereadyto3.again.Maybe4Ihurried,Icouldstillarrivehomeearlier.Iwasgoinginsideto5formygaswhenInoticedanoldercoupleatthecounter(柜台).Iheardthemaskingfor6tothelocalhospital.ItwasthesamehospitalthatIhadjust7afewminutesago.Atthecounter,ayoungmanwasquite8.Hewastryingto9howtogetthere,withtwootherpeople.Oneofthemwas10.tryingtogivethemawholedifferentrouteback.ItwasthenthatIwalkedovertothecoupleandsaid,"Wouldyouliketofollowmetothe11?"Alookof12appearedonthewoman'sface."I'mgoingrightbythere,"Isaid,anditwasa(n)13sinceIhadjustdecidedtodoexactlythat.Igotintomycarandbeganthejourneyback.Iwastryingtomakethembesuretheywereright14me.Ittookonlyfifteenminutestogetthere.Ifelt15thanIhadalldayandmyheadachewasnearlygone.Later,asIarrivedhome,myhusbandteased(嘲笑),"Soyouaren'teverlateanymore."Isaid,"Sometimesit'sgoodtobelate."1.A.headache B.fever C.cold D.break2.A.foreignB.busy C.crucial D.noisy3.A.relax B.offend C.complain D.appear4.A.while B.since C.as D.if5.A.wait B.look C.care D.search6.A.money B.troubleC.directions D.opinions7.A.risked B.provided C.called D.left8.A.helpfulB.skilled C.confused D.active9.A.imagine B.expect C.explain D.urge10.A.only B.evenC.still D.ever11.A.station B.officeC.hospital D.hotel12.A.panic B.pleasureC.sadness D.peace.13.A.dream B.fact C.reason D.example14.A.behind B.before C.below D.beside15.A.dullerB.quieterC.worseD.better答案：I.DCBCBBCCCCII.ABCDACDACBCBBAD2__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I.单项选择1.Tomorrowthere’saprogramaboutourschoolonTV;thenit______bymillionsofpeople.（2015-2016甘肃期中）A.willsee B.saw C.willbeseen D.wasseen2.-----Istheenvironmentgoodaroundyourcity?（2015-2016甘肃期中）-----Yes.Manytreeshereeveryyear.A.areplanted B.plant C.planted D.beplanted3.WhenIwenttosaygoodbyetoAnna,shethepiano.（2015-2016甘肃期中）A.isplaying B.plays C.wasplaying D.played4.MustIstayathomeandlookafterher?.（2015-2016甘肃期中）A.No,youmustn’t B.No,youcan’t C.No,youwon’t D.No,youneedn't5--Whatabeautifulfactory!Iwanttoworkinit.--Well,workers______verymuchhere.（2015-2016甘肃期中）A.need B.areneeding C.areneeded D.willneed6.Thislisteningmaterial,togetherwithitsCD-ROMs,_______well.215A.sells B.sell C.issold D.aresold【：217.Ifyouseethecartoonfilm,youwill______laugh.A.bemade B.bemadeto C.maketo D.make8.Peoplewho______tothepartyareveryexcited.A.haveinvited B.hasbeeninvited C.willinvite D.havebeeninvited9.ManychildreninBritain_________tohavetheirownbankcardsthesedays.A.allow B.allowed C.areallowed D.wereallowed10.--Haveyouheardaboutthatcaraccidentneartheschool?--Yes,luckilynoone_______.A.hurt B.washurt C.hashurt D.werehurtII.阅读理解AWhenyou’recurious(好奇的)aboutsomething,andwanttoknowmoreaboutit,youcanusethewayofaskingquestions.Askingquestionsisthefirststeptomakediscoveriesandfindinterestinganswers.Thestepsbelowcanguideyouduringtheresearch.4Step1Onanotecardorpieceofpaper,writedownthesubjectthatyouareinterestedin.Justgetthemainideadown.Forexample,youmightwrite:Discovermoreaboutdinosaurs.Step2Next,stopandthinkforamomentaboutwhatyoualreadyknowabutyoursubject.Listwhatyoualreadyknowlikethesentencesbelow:(1)Dinosaurslivedlongbeforehumanbeingsappeared.(2)Dinosaurslivedontheearthformorethan150millionyears.(3)Somedinosaursfedon(吃)plants,someonmeat.Step3Whatcanyoudowithwhatyouwanttolearn?Byaskingquestions.Onyourpaper,startwritingdownquestionsaboutthedinosaursasyouthinkofthem:(1)What’sthebestweatherfordinosaurstolivein?(2)Howmanykindsofdinosaursarethere?(3)Havedinosaursreallydisappeared?Step4Armedwithyourlistofquestions,youcannowgotothenearestlibraryorcomputertobeginyourresearch.Asyoulearnmoreaboutyoursubject,you’llprobablydiscoversomenewquestions.Forexample,youmightdiscoverthatdinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.Why?Whathappened?Askingnewquestionscanhelpyouresearchyoursubjectmorewidely.Ifyoualwaysfindsomethinginterestingtoresearch,taketimetoorganize(组织)yourthinkingbyaskinggoodquestions.Andrememberlearningmorealwaysbringsmorequestions.1.Whenyoudosomeresearch,youshouldtakethefollowingsteps:(1)listwhatyouwanttoknow (2)choosearesearchsubject(3)listwhatyoualreadyknow (4)discovernewproblemsA.(4)(3)(2)(1) B.(1)(4)(3)(2) C.(2)(3)(1)(4) D.(3)(2)(4)(1)2.Fromthepassage,weknow.A.dinosaursappearedafterhumanbeingsB.notallthedinosaursfedonmeatC.dinosaurslivedontheearthfor65millionyearsD.dinosaurslivedwarmseason3.Whatdoes“Armedwithyourlistofquestions”mean?A.PuttingyourlistofquestionsunderyourarmB.DiscussingyourquestionswithyourclassmatesC.WritingdownyourlistofquestionsD.Takingyourlistofquestionswithyou4.Accordingtothepassage,whichoneistrue?A.Youcanfindalltheanswersonline(5络上)B.Learnmore,andyou’llhavenoquestionsC.Askingquestionsistheonlywayforresearch21·*5D.Duringtheresearch,youmaykeepfindingnewquestions5.Thebesttitle(标题)forthispassageis“”A.DiscoveringDinosaursB.AskingGoodQuestions3C.FindingSubjects D.LearningStepsBDearVictor,IhavereceivedyourlovingletterfromschoolandIamgladtoknowthatyouarebecomingresponsible(有责任的)enoughtodecideonyourcareer(职业).Youarenowinthefinalyearofhighschoolandaregoingtostartfurthereducationincollege.Youknowthatwebelongtodifferenttimes,andmysociallifeisdifferentfromyours.However,allIcansayasadviceisthatyoumustchooseacareerwisely.Thefirstconsiderationisyourinterest.Youcanonlysucceedandfeelhappywhenyoudosomethingyouenjoy.Youmustgetajobwhichnotonlyprovidesyouwithsomethinguseful,butalsoyouarepleasedwith.Then,youmustreadalotinthefield(领域)youareaimingat.Also,youshouldgettoknowthemenandwomenwhoworkinthatfield.Whenmindandheartworktogether,successisinevitable.Nocareerismoreorlessimportant.IthinkyourinterestmaybeinthefieldofmakingTVprograms.Yourgoodcommunicationskills,yourtakinganactivepartinschoolplaysandtheprizesyouhavewoninspeechcompetitionsallleadyoutothatdirection.SoacareerinMassCommunicationandTVfilmproductionwillbringlucktoyou.Ifyousucceedinthatfield,youwillbecomefamousandrich.8Thinkathousandtimesbeforemakinganyfinaldecisionaboutyourcareer.Afterall,wewantyoutobeamanofsuccess.【：21】Weallknowthatyouareoldenoughtothinkforyourself.Withallthebestwishes!Yourlovingfather1.Wecaninfer(推断)thatVictorwrotealettertoaskforadviceonhowto.A.getgoodmarks B.chooseacareerC.prepareforacompetition D.communicatewithothers2.Theunderlinedword"inevitable"(inPara.2)means.A.bedissatisfiedtoseek B.beeasytorememberC.bedifficulttoget D.besuretohappen3.Thefathermentions"theschoolplays,'and"speechcompetitions"(inPara.3)inorderto.A.showthatheisproudofhissonB.hopehissonshouldworkharderinthisfieldC.tellhissonhecancertainlysucceedinthisfieldD.hint(暗示)hissontoconsiderchoosingthecareerhesuggests214.Thefatherthinksthat.A.everycareerissameimportantB.beingfamousismoreimportantthanbeingrichC.hissonistooyoungtomakeadecisionhimselfD.thereisnorealunderstandingbetweenparentsandchildren5.Thefathersuggeststhathissonshould.【：0】A.beactiveinschoolactivitiesB.neverbeproudwhenmakingprogressC.considerinterestfirstwhenchoosingacareerD.keepagoodrelationshipwithsuccessfulpeople6III.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1.GuoJingjingenjoyshers___________lifeverymuch.72.Ourschoolfootballteamplayeda_________theirfootballteamlastweek.3.Theboyisverym________aboutbasketball.4.Themans__________upahospitalinthecountrylastyear.