闽粤皖京甘豫2024届高考英语一轮复习练习必修第三册Unit7Art一北师大版

必修第三册UNIT7ART(一)高考题型组合练(一)Ⅰ.阅读理解AAn89-year-oldman，ManfredSteiner，hasreachedagoalhespent20yearsworkingtowardandnearlyalifetimethinkingabout：earninghisPhD.Andnowheisaphysicist.Steinervaluesthisdegreebecauseitiswhathealwayswantedandbecauseheovercamehealthproblemsthatcouldhaveaffectedhisstudies.“ButImadeit，andthiswasthemostsatisfactorypointinmylifetofinishit，”hesaid.Whenhewasyoung，SteinerwantedtobecomeaphysicistafterreadingaboutAlbertEinstein.Buthismotherandunclepersuadedhimthatstudyingmedicinewouldbeabetterchoice.Heearnedhismedicaldegreein1955andmovedtotheUSsoonafter.Steinerstudiedhematology(血液学)atTuftsUniversityandbiochemistryattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.HebecameafullprofessorandledthehematologydepartmentatBrowns’medicalschoolfrom1985to1994.SteinerhelpedestablisharesearchprograminhematologyattheUniversityofNorthCarolina.Hedirectedthatprogramuntilheretiredfrommedicinein2000.Steinerfoundmedicalresearchpleasing，butitwasnotquitethesameashisinterestinphysics.“Itwassomethinglikeawishthatwasneverfulfilled，thatalwaysstuckinthebackofmyhead，”hesaid.Atage70，hestartedtakingundergraduateclasses.PhysicsprofessorBradMarstonwassurprisedwhenSteinerenteredhisquantummechanicsclass.ButhebecameSteiner’sadviserforhisdissertation(学位论文)afterrealizinghowseriousSteinerwasaboutthesubjectandhowhardheworked.“Hehaswrittenmanypapersinmedicalscience，morepapersthanI’vewritteninphysics，”Marstonsaid.“Onethingthat’sreallytrueaboutManfredisthatheperseveres.”AftertheuniversitypublishedastoryaboutSteineronitswebsite，peopleacrosstheUScontactedhimtoaskforadviceonhowtogoaftertheirdreamslaterinlife.Hisadviceis：Dowhatyoulovetodo.1．WhydidSteinervaluehisdegreeinphysics?A．Becauseitsolvedhishealthproblems.B．Becauseitwashislong-pursueddream.C．Becauseitmethismother’sexpectation.D．BecauseitwasinspiredbyAlbertEinstein.2．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Steiner’scontributionstoteaching.B．Steiner’sresearchesafterretirement.C．Steiner’sachievementsinhematology.D．Steiner’sperformancesatTuftsUniversity.3．WhatimpressedProfessorMarstonmostaboutSteiner?A．Histakingundergraduateclassesat70.B．Hiswritingmorepapersinphysics.C．Hisstickingtobecomingaphysicist.D．HisbeingarolemodelforAmericans.4．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSteiner?A．Activeandopen-minded.B．Enthusiasticandeasy-going.C．Intelligentandwarm-hearted.D．Perseverantandhard-working.BTheshortfilmPiper，releasedbyPixarin2016，wonthe89thAcademyAwardforBestAnimatedShortFilm.PiperwaswrittenanddirectedbyAlanBarillaro，previouslyworkingintheanimation(动画片)department.It’sawonderthathehadthefortunetowinOscarforhisfirstfilm.TheshortfilmfollowsababybirdnamedPiper，asshelearnsandovercomesherfearsoffindingfoodattheseafront.Piperisencouragedtopeck(啄)atthesandbeachbutgetswetthroughwithwaterfromawave.Discouragedbytheterriblewave，shehopestogetfoodfromhermotherbutfails.Aftergatheringupthecourageagain，shemeetsahermitcrab(寄居蟹)whoshowshernottobescaredoftheoceanbuttoembraceit.Finally，shediscoversthesecretoftheoceanandfeedsherselfevenherfamily.It’sastoryaboutfacingchallengesandnotbeingdiscouragedbyfailure.LikePiper，wecanalwaysfindsolutionsandcomeoutstrongerthaneverbefore.SomehowPixarmanagestofitalloftheseintoafive-minute-longshortfilm，withoutusinganyspokenlanguageandentirelybyanimation.Movementsandpersonifiedfacialexpressionsarewhatdrivethisstoryinthisfilm.Muchlikethenaturedocumentary，thecontinuouspullingoftheshallowfocusaddsthesenseofrealism.Thecleanandclearanimationallowsforeventheslightestmicro-expressionstobepickedupbytheaudience.AndthemusicisconsistentwithPiper’semotions，makingtheaudiencefeelthesameway.ThisfilmandlotsofothersbyPixarmakeuslaughandcryallthetime.Byfittingasimplestorywithsimplecharacters，weareledthroughchallengestoasatisfyingconclusionforourcharacters.It’soneofthebestshortfilmsinalongtime.5．Whatisthestorylineoftheshortfilm?A．Amotherinstructsherchildtofindfood.B．Abirdovercomesfearsandgrowsindependent.C．Abirdfamilytriestoadapttolifeattheseafront.D．Asandbeachoffersfoodtothebirdslivingnearby.6．Whattechniquesareusedintheshortfilm?A．Animationandmusic.B．Soundandvirtualscenes.C．Movementsandspeeches.D．Clearpicturesandvividlines.7．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheshortfilm?A．Indifferent. B．Critical.C．Favorable. D．Negative.8．Whatisthistext?A．Adocumentary. B．Areview.C．Astory. D．Anessay.COnpaper，hydrogen(氢气)lookslikeadreamfuel.Inpractice，thingsaretrickier.Storingmeaningfulquantitiesofhydrogengasrequirescompressing(压缩)itseveralhundredtimes.Transformingitintoliquidstateisanotheroption，butonethatrequirescoolingthestuffto－253℃.Eitherprocessrequiresruggedtanks.Overtime，hydrogengascanpassslowlyintometals，weakeningthemandpotentiallycausingcracks.Tanksmustbebuiltfromspecialmaterialsdesignedtoresistthisbreakdown.ResearchersattheFraunhoferInstitute，ledbyMarcusVogt，thinkthatsupplyinghydrogenasgoop(糊状)offersawayaroundsomeofitslimitations.Theyhavebeenexperimentingwithachemicalcompoundthatcanbepumpedintoacontainerandthenpersuadedtogiveoffitshydrogenondemand.Theirinvention，whichtheynickname“powerpaste”，looksliketoothpaste.Itsmainingredientismagnesiumhydride(氢化镁)，acompoundthatwhenintroducedtowater，reactswithittoformhydrogenandmagnesiumhydroxide(氢氧化镁)．Theescapedhydrogencanthenberedirectedintoafuelcell，whereitreactswithoxygenfromtheairtogenerateelectricpower.Themagnesiumhydroxidewasteisemptiedfromthereactorautomatically.DrVogt’sschemeoffersseveraladvantagesoverbatteries，petrolandmoreconventionalwaysofhandlinghydrogen.Oneisthestorageofenergythaneitherbatteriesorpetrolcanmanage.Asecondiseaseofrefilling，whichissimplyamatterofswappinganemptycontainerofpasteforafullone，andtoppingupthewater，whichisstoredinaseparatetank.Athirdadvantageisthat，unlikeabattery，thepastedoesnotgraduallyloseitsstoredenergyifitisleftontheshelf.Moreover，thepasteitselfisharmless，asarethereaction’sby-products.Buttherearestillmoretoworkthrough.Magnesiumhydridereactsonlyslowlywithwater.Toovercomethis，DrVogtandhisteamhavefoundachemicaladditivethatgreatlyacceleratesthereaction.Theyhavealsofoundawaytoensurethatthereactioncanbecontrolledpreciselyenoughtosupplyonlyasmuchhydrogenasisneededatanygivenmoment.9．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“rugged”underlinedinparagraph1?A．Creative. B．Fragile.C．Tough. D．Enormous.10．Whatcanweknowabouttheinventionaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Magnesiumhydridemixedwithwaterreleaseshydrogen.B．Severalchemicalreactionsoccurinthesametank.C．Waterandelectricityarenecessaryintheprocess.D．Theremainingwasteneedsremovingwithextrahelp.11．Howisparagraph4mainlydeveloped?A．Byprovidingexamples.B．Bydrawingcomparisons.C．Byquotingsayings.D．Byexplainingaconcept.12．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．DreamFuel：HydrogenGasB．NewCleanEnergyC．AdvantagesofHydrogenGoopD．“Toothpaste”inYourTankⅡ.七选五(2023·福建福州期中联考)Practicinggratitudecanincreasefeelingsofhappinessandlifesatisfactionwhiledecreasingdepressivesymptoms.1Tostartimprovingyourgratitudeskill，trythefollowinggratitudechallenges.Reflectonthegiftsofhardship.Thereisnoquestionthatlifecanbechallenging，asthingsdon’talwaysturnoutthewaywe’dhoped.2Itmayseemdifficulttoreflectonchallengingtimesandfindareasontobegrateful，butinmakingourpainpurposeful，wecanfindmeaningintheexperience.Expressgratitudetoothersinwriting.3Sendeachofthemaquickbutconsideratecorrespondenceintheformofahandwrittennote，emailorevenathoughtfullycomposedtext.Remindthemofwhytheyarespecialtoyouandhowworthwhiletheyareintheworld.Asaresultofyoureffort，thoseonthereceivingendwillexperiencethemood-boostingbenefitsofbeingappreciated.Theywon’tbetheonlybeneficiaries.Writinglettersofgratitudehasapositiveeffectontheauthor，increasingfeelingsofhappinesswhiledecreasingdepression，studieshaveshown.