闽粤皖京甘豫2024届高考英语一轮复习练习选择性必修第二册Unit4Humour一北师大版

选择性必修第二册UNIT4HUMOUR(一)高考题型组合练(一)Ⅰ.阅读理解A“Canyouimagine？”DiébédoFrancisKérésaidtoNPR，“IwasborninBurkinaFaso，alittlevillagewheretherewasnoschool.AndmyfatherwantedmetolearnhowtoreadandwriteverysimplybecausethenIcouldtranslateorreadhimhisletters.”ThefirstBlackwinnerofthePritzkerArchitecturePrizewasassurprisedasanyoneelsetobeselectedforthefield’smostfamousprize.Manyarchitectshadopenlysupposedthat2022wouldbeSirDavidAdjaye’syear，whoisbestknownfordesigningnotablebuildingsastheNobelPeaceCenterinNorway.Kéré，whoisbasedinBerlinbutcentersmuchofhispracticeinAfrica，hasbeen—untilnow—farlesserknown，withbuildingsthatincludeprimaryschoolsandahealthcareclinic.Whenhewastwenty，in1985，KéréearnedascholarshiptostudycarpentryinBerlin.ButhealsoattendednightschoolandwasadmittedtoTechnischeUniversitätBerlin，fromwhichhegraduatedin2004withanadvanceddegreeinarchitecture.HewasstillastudentwhenhedesignedandbuilttheinnovativeGandoPrimarySchool.Kéré’sarchitecturalpracticewasinspiredbyhisownexperienceattendingschoolwitharound100otherchildreninaregionwithtemperaturesover100F．“It’sveryhotinside.Andtherewasnolight，whileoutside，thesunlightwasabundant.Ithink，onedayIshouldmakeitbetter.Iwasthinkingaboutspace，aboutroom，abouthowIcouldfeelbetter.”InhisdesignsforGandoPrimarySchoolandNaabaBelemGoummaSecondarySchool，Kérédrewontraditionalbuildingmaterialssuchaslocalclaymixedwithconcrete，andemphasizedshadeandshadows，makingspacesbrightenoughandlettingairin，andthusreducingtheneedforairconditioning.Hewantedthebuildingstoevokethesenseofanoasis(绿洲)，aplaceformanychildren，tobehappyandlearnhowtoreadandwrite.1．WhydidthePritzkerArchitecturePrizeof2022comeoutasasurprise?A．Becauseitisthemostfamousprize.B．Becausethewinneronlydesignsschools.C．BecauseKéréwasn’tfirstselectedasacandidate.D．Becauseanothercompetitorwasmorefamous.2．WhatinspiredKéré’sarchitecturework?A．HisacademictraininginBerlin.B．Hardshipinhisearlychildhood.C．Anarchitecturalcontest.D．Hisexperiencetravelingabroad.3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKéréasanarchitect?A．Creativeanduniversal.B．Determinedandambitious.C．Caringandpractical.D．Devotedandproductive.4．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheschoolsdesignedbyKéré？A．Theyarewell­litandcool.B．Theyonlyusetraditionalmaterials.C．Theyneednoair­conditioning.D．Theyarebuiltonoases.B(2023·四川成都诊断性检测)It’sasimpleyeteffectivemessagethatappeals，andleadstoasatisfyingwayofmotivatingustopromoteenvironmentalisminourownway.BorninNairobi，LeseinMutunkeiisinhislateteens，andhisTrees4Goalsisthemeanswithwhichheintendstomaketheworldgreener.Itunitestwoofhisself­declaredpassionsinlife：loveoftheoutdoors，withhisloveoffootball.Leseinenjoyedwalkingintheforest，butrecognisedhiscountrywasexperiencingaseriouslossoftreecover.Between2001and2020，Kenyalostanestimated11%oftrees，releasingasmanyas176milliontonsofCO2.InablogpostforWWFKenya，Leseinrevealedthat，oncehestartedtheTrees4Goalsinitiative，heoriginallyplannedtoplantonetreepergoal.By2020，hewantedtotakehiseffortsevenfurther.Whatstartedasonetreeplantedpergoalmushroomedinto11treesplantedpergoal.Explainingthereasoningbehindexpandingthetree­planting，hesaid，“Itrepresentsteameffortinfootballandthecontributionbymyteam.Ihavemanagedtohitthe1,000thtreemilestoneinthelasttwoyears.”Whileit’ssomethingofanowngoaltodestroytheforestsandjunglesprovidingenormousbiodiversity，innovativeinitiativeslikeTrees4Goalsareanassuredwaytoscoreanenvironmentalisthat­trick.Footballispopular.Itcutsthroughculturalbarriersirrespectiveofthecountryitisplayedin.Byincreasingthetreesplantedpergoal，withmoresuchinitiativesspringingup，evenmorewillbegrown.Likeaseed，bestideasstartsmallandchangeintosomethingthatcanbecomefarlargerthananticipated.WhileLeseincontinuesplanting11treespergoal，Kenyangovernmentisaimingtoensuretheplantingof1.8billiontreestoreach10%forestcoverage.Thesciencebehindisclear：if900millionhectaresaredevotedtohalfatrilliontrees，theworldcanoffset(抵消)halfofallcarbonreleasedsince1960.5．WhatgaveLeseintheideaoflaunchingtheproject?A．ReleaseoftoomuchCO2.B．Dreamofmotivatingothers.C．Passionforsportsandnature.D．Habitofexercisinginthewoods.6．WhatdidLeseindoin2020?A．HecreatedablogforWWF.B．Hemultipliedhiscommitment.C．Heplantedonetreeforeachgoal.D．Heextendedhisworktootherteams.7．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“owngoal”inparagraph4referto?A．Aimthatisintendedtoachieve.B．Actionthatharmsone’sowninterests.C．Pursuittowardwhicheffortisdirected.D．Goalthatisscoredfortheopposingteam.8．WhatcanwelearnfromLesein’sstory?A．United，wewin.B．Nopains，nogains.C．Loveme，lovemydog.D．Smalldeeds，bigdifference.CAcomputerprogrammecanidentifybreastcancerfromroutinescanswithgreateraccuracythanhumanexperts，someresearcherssaid.Theyhopedwhattheydevelopedcouldproveabreakthroughinthefightagainsttheglobalkiller.Breastcancerisoneofthemostcommoncancersinwomen，withmorethan2millionnewdiagnoseslastyearalone.Regularscreeningisvitalindetectingtheearliestsignsofthediseaseinpatientswhoshownoobvioussymptoms.InBritain，womenover50areadvisedtogetanexaminationofthebreasteverythreeyears，theresultsofwhichareanalyzedbytwoindependentexperts.Butinterpretingthescansleavesroomforerror，andasmallpercentageofallmammograms(乳房X光检查)eitherreturnafalsepositive—misdiagnosingahealthypatientashavingcancer—orfalsenegative—missingthediseaseasitspreads.NowresearchersatGoogleHealthhavetrainedanartificialintelligencemodeltodetectcancerinbreastscansfromthousandsofwomeninBritainandtheUnitedStates.Theimageshadalreadybeenreviewedbydoctorsinreallifebutunlikeinaclinicalsetting，themachinehadnopatienthistorytoinformitsdiagnoses.TheteamfoundthattheirAImodelcouldpredictbreastcancerfromthescanswithasimilaraccuracyleveltoexpertradiographers.Further，theAIshowedareductionintheproportionofcaseswherecancerwasincorrectlyidentified—5.7percentintheUSand1.2percentinBritain，respectively.Italsoreducedthepercentageofmisseddiagnosesby9.4percentamongUSpatientsandby2.7percentinBritain.“Theearlieryouidentifyabreastcancer，thebetteritisforthepatient，”DominicKing，theUKleadatGoogleHealth，toldAFP.“Wethinkaboutthistechnologyinawaythatsupportsandenablesanexpert，orapatientultimately，togetthebestoutcomefromwhateverdiagnosticsthey’vehad.”9．Whatisofgreatimportanceindiscoveringbreastcanceratanearlystage?A．Dailyscanning.B．Humanexperts.C．Regularscreening.D．Acomputerprogram.10．Whatcanweinferaboutbreastcancerfromthethirdparagraph?A．Itmaybeconnectedwithage.B．Itcanbecuredinmostcases.C．Thepatientstendtobenegative.D．Itisfrequentlymisdiagnosed.11．What’sDominicKing’sattitudetowardthenewtechnology?A．Skeptical. B．Cautious.C．Favorable. D．Indifferent.12．What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．Regularscreeningisimportantforwomenwhoareover50.B．Theearlieryouidentifyabreastcancerthebettertheresultis.C．Breastcancerisoneofthemostcommoncancersinwomen.D．AIismorepowerfulthanexpertsindiagnosingbreastcancer.Ⅱ.七选五Justasaphilosophersays，Ithink，thereforeIam.However，whenitcomestoeffectiveteachingandlearninginformedbycognitivescience—thescienceofthemind—it’sperhapsmoreappropriatetosay：1So，whatdoeseffortfulthinkinglooklike?Here，weexploretwomodesofeffortfulthinking，ordiggingdeep.2Ifyouwerebuildingawell，wouldyouspendfiveminutesdiggingashallowholeandthencallitaday，orwouldyouspendtimeandeffortdiggingcontinuouslyuntilyoustruckwater?Ithinkwecanallagreethatdiggingdeeperforlongerwouldbebest.3Thelongerandmoreeffortfullywethinkaboutsomething，themoredurableits“memorytrace”willbeandthemoreaccessiblethatinformationwillbecome.Ifyouwantlearningtobeconnected，trydigginglikeanarchaeologist.Imagineyouareonanarchaeologicaldig，carefullyunearthingtheremainsofanancientcity.Forinstance，ratherthansimplylabelinganitem“spoon”，youwouldinsteadtagitas“anironspoon，probablymadeforachild”.Youknowthatorganiz