T-CEC 166-2018中压直流配电网典型网架结构及供电方案技术导则

ICS29.240.01

F21

备案号：53939-2016

准

T/CEC166—2018

中压直流配电网典型网架结构

及供电方案技术导则

Guidelinesfortypicalconfigurationandpowersupplyschemes

ofmiddleVoltageDCdistributionnetwork

2018-01-24发布2018-04-01实施

中国电力企业联合会发布

T/CEC166—2018

目次

前言···································································································································································II

1范围······························································································································································1

2规范性引用文件··········································································································································1

3术语和定义··················································································································································1

4一般要求······················································································································································2

5典型网架结构··············································································································································2

5.1单端单路辐射状结构··································································································································2

5.2单端双路辐射状结构··································································································································2

5.3单端环状结构············································································································································3

5.4双端结构··················································································································································3

5.5多端树枝状结构········································································································································4

5.6多端环状结构············································································································································4

6供电方案技术要求与典型供电方案···········································································································5

6.1电压等级的确定········································································································································5

6.2网架结构的选择········································································································································5

6.3直流配电一次设备的选型···························································································································5

6.4直流配电的保护与自动化···························································································································6

6.5典型场景下的中压直流配电供电方案··········································································································6

附录A（资料性附录）供电区域···················································································································7

I

T/CEC166—2018

前言

本标准按照GB/T1.1—2009《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准的结构和编写》给出的规则起草。

请注意本标准的某些内容可能涉及专利。本标准的发布机构不承担识别这些专利的责任。

本标准由中国电力企业联合会提出并归口。

本标准起草单位：中国电力科学研究院有限公司、国网江苏省电力有限公司（常州供电分公司、

电力科学研究院）、国网经济技术研究院有限公司、国网湖北省电力有限公司（经济技术研究院）、国

网内蒙古东部电力有限公司、南瑞集团有限公司（中电普瑞科技有限公司）、国网山东省电力有限公司

（泰安供电分公司）、西安交通大学、北京交通大学。

本标准主要起草人：盛万兴、张海、李蕊、侯义明、吴鸣、孙丽敬、刘海涛、季宇、杨晓梅、

蔡杰、徐政、张伟、罗国敏、焦在滨、陈亮、姜世公、熊雄、王轩、徐大鹏、李强、刘国明。

本标准为首次发布。

本标准在执行过程中的意见或建议反馈至中国电力企业联合会标准化管理中心（北京市白广路二

条一号，100761）。

II

T/CEC166—2018

中压直流配电网典型网架结构及供电方案技术导则

1范围

本标准提出了中压直流配电网的典型网架结构及中压直流配电供电方案的技术要求。

本标准适用于±1.5kV～±50kV直流配电系统的规划、设计、建设及运行。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本

文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。

GB/T2900.50电工术语发电、输电及配电通用术语

GB/T14285继电保护和安全自动装置技术规程

DL/T5729—2016配电网规划设计技术导则

T/CEC107直流配电电压

Q/GDW10370—2016配电网技术导则

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

直流配电DCdistribution

配电网中采用直流向用户分配电能的形式。

3.2

中压直流配电网DCdistributionnetwork

直流电压范围在±1.5kV～±50kV之间的，从电源侧（输电网、发电设施、分布式电源等）接受

电能，并通过配电设施采用直流就地或逐级向各类用户分配电能的网络。

3.3

典型网架结构typicalgridconfiguration

具备代表性且在一定情况下可复制应用的电网拓扑及主设备配置方式。

3.4

电源端powersourceport

由电源或大系统联结的、供电稳定且具有系统电压支撑能力的母线节点，简称为端。

3.5

直流母线DCbusline

用高导电率的铜（铜排）、铝质材料制成的，配置于变电站或变电站用以传输直流电能的，具有汇

集和分配直流电力功能的裸导线或绞线。

3.6

N－1准则N－1principle

指电力系统的N个元件中的任一独立元件发生故障而被切除后，应不造成因其他线路过负荷跳闸

而导致用户停电，不破坏系统的稳定性，不出现电压崩溃等事故。其中所谓元件，在交流系统中指发

电机、输电线路、变压器等交流电力设备与设施，在直流系统中指电源端的AC/DC换流器或DC/DC

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换流器、直流线路等直流电流设备与设施。

4一般要求

4.1中压直流配电网的网架结构应具备供电可靠性、安全性、灵活性、经济性和适用性。

4.2中压直流配电网的网架结构应具有适当的负荷转移能力、合理的分布式电源接纳能力，高可靠性

供电区域的网架结构，还应具有一定的网络重构能力和自愈能力。

4.3中压直流配电网供电方案的确定应遵循差异化原则。根据不同供电区域内电源及负荷分布特点、

经济社会发展水平和用户性质等情况，通过技术经济比选最终确定供电方案。

4.4中压直流配电网供电方案的确定应满足分布式电源、储能设备、电动汽车充电站等直流电源与直

流负荷的接入需求。

4.5中压直流配电网供电方案的设备选型应与现有直流设备的制造能力与直流配电技术发展水平相适应。

4.6中压直流配电网的建设初期及过渡期，可根据区域供电安全水平要求，综合考虑区域负荷与分布

式电源的发展和目标网架规划情况，合理选择过渡网架结构、接线方式及扩展方式。

5典型网架结构

5.1单端单路辐射状结构

5.1.1单端单路辐射状拓扑示意结构如图1所示。

注1：电源端直流母线位于电源侧，上级电网/电源通过对应接口装置与其连接，所连上级电网/电源既可以是交流也

可以是直流，或两种形式并存。

注2：图中单纯直流负荷用单向背向母线的箭头表示，含分布式电源及储能供电区域的负荷用双向箭头表示，该表

示方式表现了2种不同类型的等效负荷。

注3：图中包含了T接与π接两种接线方式，实际工程中可根据需要进行选择。

注4：图中一路直流线路指同一送电走廊的两极或三极直流导线。当直流系统采用单极（或对称单极）的接线型式

时，每路直流线路具有两极直流导线；当直流系统采用双极的接线型式时，每路直流线路具有三极直流导线。

注5：注1～注4的说明均适用于本标准其他拓扑示意图。

图1单端单路辐射状拓扑示意图

5.1.2该拓扑具有一个电源端，采用单路辐射出线形式，具备结构简单、建设经济、扩展性强、升级

改造灵活等特点，该拓扑不满足N－1可靠性的要求。

5.1.3适用于一般直流负载集中区，如居民住宅区、电动汽车充电站和功率较大的储能电站等场所，

以及直流配电系统的建设初期和过渡期宜采用该网架结构。

5.2单端双路辐射状结构

5.2.1单端双路辐射状拓扑示意结构如图2所示。

5.2.2该拓扑具有一个电源端，采用双路辐射出线形式，具备结构简单、扩展性强、供电可靠性高等特

点，一路出线故障时相同供电路径上其他出线能够持续为负荷供电，该拓扑满足N－1可靠性的要求。

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图2单端双路辐射状拓扑示意图

5.2.3适用于工业园区、重要负荷区等供电可靠性要求较高的场所。

5.3单端环状结构

5.3.1单端环状拓扑示意结构如图3所示。

图3单端环状拓扑示意图

5.3.2该拓扑具有一个电源端，采用单路或双路环形供电路径，具备供电范围大、供电可靠性高等特

点，任何一侧线路故障时其他线路能够持续为负荷供电，负荷可从不同路径获取电能或电网、分布式

电源和储能向不同路径输出电能，该拓扑满足N－1可靠性的要求。

5.3.3适用于多个分布式电源接入、大型居民住宅区等对供电可靠性要求较高的场所。

5.3.4可根据用户需求及运行工况灵活选择开环或闭环运行方式。

5.4双端结构

5.4.1双端拓扑示意结构如图4所示。

图4双端拓扑示意图

5.4.2该拓扑具有双侧电源并列运行，采用单路或双路出线形式，具备供电范围大、供电可靠性较高

的特点，任何一端电源故障时另一侧电源端能够满足全部负荷供电需求，负荷可从不同方向获取电能

或电网、分布式电源和储能向不同方向输出电能，该拓扑满足N－1可靠性的要求。

5.4.3适用于容量较大、供电可靠性要求较高的场所，如工业园区、重要负荷区等供电场所。为提高

可靠性，通过直流进行背靠背的交流供电系统也可采用双端网架结构。

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5.5多端树枝状结构

5.5.1多端树枝状拓扑示意结构如图5所示。

图5多端树枝状拓扑示意图

5.5.2该拓扑具有三个及以上电源并列运行，采用单路或双路树枝状路径，具备供电范围大、供电可

靠性较高的特点，任何一端电源故障时其他电源端能够满足全部负荷供电需求，负荷可从不同方向获

取电能或电网、分布式电源和储能向不同方向输出电能，该拓扑满足N－1可靠性的要求。

5.5.3适用于多点高密度分布式电源接入及对供电可靠性要求较高的场所，以及直流配电系统建设的

发展期宜采用该网架结构。

5.5.4可根据用户的用电需求确定电源端点数量和位置，对于多个可选的电源端点应进行技术经济性

比较后再确定。

5.6多端环状结构

5.6.1多端环状拓扑示意结构如图6所示。

图6多端环状拓扑示意图

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5.6.2该拓扑具有两个及以上电源并列运行，采用单路或双路环形供电路径，具备供电范围广、供电

能力强、供电可靠性高等特点，任何一侧线路故障时其他侧线路能够持续为负荷供电，且任何一端电

源故障时其他电源端能够满足全部负荷供电需求，负荷可从不同路径获取电能或电网、分布式电源和

储能向不同路径输出电能，该拓扑满足N－1可靠性的要求。

5.6.3适用于多个分布式电源接入及容量大且对供电可靠性要求高的场所。

5.6.4可根据用户需求及运行工况灵活选择开环或闭环运行方式。

5.6.5可根据用户的用电需求确定电源端点数量和位置。

6供电方案技术要求与典型供电方案

6.1电压等级的确定

6.1.1中压直流配电网电压等级的选择应以满足负荷需求和分布式电源输送容量的要求、简化变压层

级为原则，取值对应相关直流配电电压标准的规范电压值。

6.1.2中压直流配电网电压等级的确定需综合考虑其应用范围、传输容量、输送距离、可靠性、安全

性和经济性等因素。

6.2网架结构的选择

6.2.1中压直流配电网网架结构应以应用场景作为选择的基本原则，综合考虑供电可靠性，分布式电

源、储能的分布情况以及负荷类型。以分布式电源并网为主的中压直流配电网的网架结构可考虑现场

自然条件进行选择，以便于建设并降低建设成本。

6.2.2不同供电可靠性要求的中压直流配电网区域宜根据其负荷特点及重要程度选择相应网架结构，

如表1所示。

表1不同供电区域适用的中压直流网架结构

供电区域

序号网架结构类型

A＋ABCDE

1单端单路辐射状结构√√

2单端双路辐射状结构√√√√√

3单端环状结构√√√√√

4双端结构√√√√

5多端树枝状结构√√√

6多端环状结构√√

注1：供电区域的划分参照DL/T5729—2016执行，详见表A.1。

注2：根据DL/T5729—2016要求，A＋、A、B、C类供电区域的中压配电网结构应满足供电安全N－1准则的要

求，D类供电区域的中压配电网结构宜满足供电安全N－1准则的要求。

6.2.3中压直流配电网可根据需要选取两种以上的拓扑结构组成复合拓扑的网架结构形式。

6.2.4中压直流配电网可根据容量与可靠性需求选择单路、双路或多路供电方式。

6.3直流配电一次设备的选型

6.3.1AC/DC换流器的选择应综合考虑系统的需求及换流器的性能、可靠性、损耗、占地、体积、安

装条件、综合造价等因素。

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6.3.2用于接入有功率交换需求的直流系统和直流微电网的DC/DC换流器应采用双向DC/DC换流

器，仅用于接入直流负荷和无功率外送的直流系统和直流微电网可采用单向DC/DC换流器。

6.3.3应根据负荷条件、故障处理要求和设备制造水平选择适用的直流断路器。

6.3.4直流电缆的选型应综合考虑电压等级、载流量、电压偏差、动热稳定、过电压耐受能力及供电

裕度等因素。

6.3.5应根据网架结构、负荷分布及直流设备的配置情况选择适合的位置配置适用的直流潮流控制器。

6.3.6直流母线应综合考虑可靠性、灵活性与经济性等因素，并根据所选直流网络拓扑结构选择适用

的配置方式。采用双路供电方式下，直流母线宜采用分断的方式。

6.4直流配电的保护与自动化

6.4.1保护配置应满足选择性、速动性、灵敏性和可靠性的基本要求，相邻保护范围之间应重叠，避

免保护死区。

6.4.2直流配电网络应配置直流自动化控制系统，采用多源协同、分层分区的控制方式，以实现直流

系统稳定、高效运行。

6.4.3自动化系统的通信应采用成熟、适用并适度超前的技术，满足直流配电网安全运行的业务需求。

6.5典型场景下的中压直流配电供电方案

本标准就集中负荷、分散负荷、可再生能源汇集、高可靠性要求等几种中压直流配电典型应用场

景，提出了供电方案，规定了其适用的网架拓扑结构、接线型式、接地方式、扩展方式等。

6.5.1网架结构的选择如表2所示。

表2不同应用场景下推荐的中压直流配电网架结构

应用场景

序号网架结构类型

集中负荷下的分散负荷下的可再生能源汇集的高可靠性要求下的

中压直流配电网中压直流配电网中压直流配电网中压直流配电网

1单端单路辐射状结构√√

2单端多路辐射状结构√√√

3单端环状结构√√

4双端结构√√

5多端树枝状结构√√√√

6多端环状结构√√√

注1：集中负荷下的中压直流配电网特点：负荷密度大。

注2：分散负荷下的中压直流配电网特点：负荷密度低，供电半径相对较大。

注3：可再生能源汇集的中压直流配电网特点：分布式电源数量多、分布分散，负荷较轻。

注4：高可靠性要求下的中压直流配电网特点：A＋及A类供电区域，至少满足N－1要求。

6.5.2推荐采用双极结构的接线型式，可在直流单极发生故障时，健全直流极能够满足全部或部分负

荷供电需求；也可根据需要采用单极或对称单极结构的接线型式。

6.5.3接地方式应综合考虑直流系统的接线型式、直流与交流系统的隔离情况、交流系统侧的接地情

况等因素。

6.5.4应考虑电压等级、载流量及区域负荷发展情况，导线截面宜一次选定，并通过添加电源或增加

线路进行扩展，以满足负荷与分布式电源的容量及供电可靠性发展需要。

6

T/CEC166—2018

附录A

（资料性附录）

供电区域

表A.1供电区域划分

供电区域A＋ABCDE

市中心区市区或市区或城镇或农村或

直辖市或σ≥3015≤σ＜306≤σ＜151≤σ＜60.1≤σ＜1—

的供电区的供电区的供电区的供电区的供电区

市中心区或市区或城镇或农村或

省会城市、σ≥30的

15≤σ＜306≤σ＜151≤σ＜60.1≤σ＜1—

计划单列市供电区

行政的供电区的供电区的供电区的供电区

级别

地级市市中心区或市区、城镇农村或

σ≥15的

（自治州、—6≤σ＜15或1≤σ＜60.1≤σ＜1农牧区

供电区

盟）的供电区的供电区的供电区

城镇或农村或

县（县级σ≥6的

——1≤σ＜60.1≤σ＜1农牧区

市、旗）供电区

的供电区的供电区

计算负荷密度时，应扣除专线负荷，以及高山、戈壁、荒漠、水域、森林等无效供电面积。

注1：σ为供电区域的直流负荷密度（MW/km2）。

注2：A＋、A类区域对应中心城市（区），B、C类区域对应城镇地区，D、E类区域对应乡村地区。

注3：供电区域划分标准可结合区域特点适当调整。

7

2018

—

166

T/CEC

中国电力企业联合会标准

中压直流配电网典型网架结构及供电方案技术导则

T/CEC166—2018

*

中国电力出版社出版、发行

（北京市东城区北京站西街19号100005）

北京传奇佳彩印刷有限公司印刷

*

2018年7月第一版2018年7月北京第一次印刷

880毫米×1230毫米16开本0.75印张16千字

*

统一书号155198·901定价11.00元

版权专有侵权必究

本书如有印装质量问题，我社发行部负责退换

T/CEC166—2018

目次

前言···································································································································································II

1范围······························································································································································1

2规范性引用文件··········································································································································1

3术语和定义··················································································································································1

4一般要求······················································································································································2

5典型网架结构··············································································································································2

5.1单端单路辐射状结构··································································································································2

5.2单端双路辐射状结构··································································································································2

5.3单端环状结构············································································································································3

5.4双端结构··················································································································································3

5.5多端树枝状结构········································································································································4

5.6多端环状结构············································································································································4

6供电方案技术要求与典型供电方案···········································································································5

6.1电压等级的确定········································································································································5

6.2网架结构的选择········································································································································5

6.3直流配电一次设备的选型···························································································································5

6.4直流配电的保护与自动化···························································································································6

6.5典型场景下的中压直流配电供电方案··········································································································6

附录A（资料性附录）供电区域···················································································································7

I

T/CEC166—2018

前言

本标准按照GB/T1.1—2009《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准的结构和编写》给出的规则起草。

请注意本标准的某些内容可能涉及专利。本标准的发布机构不承担识别这些专利的责任。

本标准由中国电力企业联合会提出并归口。

本标准起草单位：中国电力科学研究院有限公司、国网江苏省电力有限公司（常州供电分公司、

电力科学研究院）、国网经济技术研究院有限公司、国网湖北省电力有限公司（经济技术研究院）、国

网内蒙古东部电力有限公司、南瑞集团有限公司（中电普瑞科技有限公司）、国网山东省电力有限公司

（泰安供电分公司）、西安交通大学、北京交通大学。

本标准主要起草人：盛万兴、张海、李蕊、侯义明、吴鸣、孙丽敬、刘海涛、季宇、杨晓梅、

蔡杰、徐政、张伟、罗国敏、焦在滨、陈亮、姜世公、熊雄、王轩、徐大鹏、李强、刘国明。

本标准为首次发布。

本标准在执行过程中的意见或建议反馈至中国电力企业联合会标准化管理中心（北京市白广路二

条一号，100761）。

II

T/CEC166—2018

中压直流配电网典型网架结构及供电方案技术导则

1范围

本标准提出了中压直流配电网的典型网架结构及中压直流配电供电方案的技术要求。

本标准适用于±1.5kV～±50kV直流配电系统的规划、设计、建设及运行。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于