2024-2025学年新教材高中英语课时作业12Unit4MeetingthemuseDevelopingideas含解析外研版选择性必修第一册

Unit4Ⅰ.完形填空ItwasamidApril—atimewhentheplanetEarthturnsunderthehotraysoftheSun.TherewasalargedesertinAfricawithnotraceof__1__exceptalittlerose.Therewasnotabirdoratreeinsight.Buttherose__2__thecrueltyoftheSun.TheSunwasvery__3__tohaveseentherose'sabilityto__4__suchunfavorableconditions.TheSunsaid,“Rose!Iamthesupremepowerinthisuniverse.Ihavethe__5__togiveandtakelife.Thousandsoflivingthings__6__everyday,astheyarenotabletostandmyheat.But,youhavebeenweatheringevenmyhottestrays__7__anycomplaint.MayIknowthesourcethatgaveyouthisgreat__8__？”“Oh,mightySun，”therosesaid__9__，“Idon'tknowmuchaboutthisdesert.Butitappears__10__andthereseemstobenooneelseinthewholeworldmyeyecouldreach.Ibegantofeel__11__forthelonelinessofthisdesertand__12__tohelpitasmuchasIcould.Andinthisprocess,Inever__13__anythingthatcausespaintome.Mywhole__14__hasbeentobeagoodfriendtothisdesertandgetridofitsloneliness.”Touchedbytherose,theSunoffereda(n)__15__—millionsofotherrosesfilledthedesertwiththeirsweetsmellsandthusturnedtheentirestretchintoagreatoasis(绿洲)oflife.这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了在非洲的这个大沙漠里除了一株玫瑰，没有其他生命的迹象。眼前没有一只鸟或一棵树。但这株玫瑰经受得住太阳的残酷。太阳被这株玫瑰对沙漠的关切所感动，太阳给了小玫瑰一项嘉奖，让沙漠长出了数百万株玫瑰，将沙漠变成了生命的绿洲。1．A.history B．human C．life D．death答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在非洲的这个大沙漠里除了一株玫瑰，没有其他生命的迹象。A.history历史；B.human人类；C.life生活，生命；D.death死亡。由“Therewasnotabirdoratreeinsight”可知，这里除了一株玫瑰花之外，沙漠里没有其他的生命，故选C。2．A.stood B．avoided C．conquered D．disliked答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这株小玫瑰经受住了太阳的残酷晒烤。A.stood站立，忍受；B.avoided避开；C.conquered折服；D.disliked不喜爱。由“But...thecruelty”可知，这株小玫瑰却能经受住太阳的残酷晒烤。故选A。3．A.pleased B．surprised C．disappointed D．frightened答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这株玫瑰在如此艰苦的环境中生存下来的实力让太阳感觉很惊讶。A.pleased兴奋的；B.surprised惊异的；C.disappointed悲观的；D.frightened恐惊的。沙漠中只有这一株玫瑰且能够忍受住太阳的高温，所以太阳对它的生存实力感到惊异。故选B。4．A.change B．follow C．improve D．survive答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这株玫瑰在如此艰苦的环境中生存下来的实力让太阳感觉很惊讶。A.change变更；B.follow跟随；C.improve提高；D.survive幸存。由“TherewasalargedesertinAfricawithnotraceof__1__exceptalittlerose.”可知在非洲的这个大沙漠里除了一株玫瑰，没有其他生命的迹象，此处指这株玫瑰花在如此艰苦的环境中生存了下来。故选D。5．A.power B．chance C．duty D．right答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，太阳对这株小玫瑰说：“玫瑰花！我是这个宇宙中最强大的力气。我拥有索取和赐予生命的力气。”A.power力气；B.chance机会；C.duty职责；D.right权利。由“supremepower”可知，本句属于原词再现。故选A。6．A.grow B．die C．stop D．live答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天都有成千上万的生命忍受不了我的炙热而死掉。A.grow生长；B.die死；C.stop停止；D.live活着。由“astheyarenotabletostandmyheat”可知，成千上万的生命忍受不了太阳的炙热而死掉了。故选B。7.A.with B．over C．through D．without答案：D解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：但是，你经受得住我的热辐射而且毫无怨言。A.with和；B.over在期间；C.through通过；D.without没有。由语境可知，此处指玫瑰毫无怨言地经受住了太阳的炙热。故选D。8．A.failure B．force C．strength D．success答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道是什么给了你这么大的力气。A.failure失败；B.force武力；C.strength力气；D.success胜利。由上文中只有玫瑰花经受住了太阳的晒烤可知，太阳想知道什么给了这株玫瑰这么大的力气，此处指玫瑰经受得住如此残酷的环境的力气。故选C。9．A.gently B．proudly C．fluently D．rudely答案：A解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：“哦，强大的太阳，”小玫瑰轻轻地说，“我对这片沙漠不太了解。”A.gently轻轻地；B.proudly骄傲地；C.fluently流畅地；D.rudely粗鲁地。依据“Idon'tknowmuchaboutthisdesert.Butitappears10andthereseemstobenooneelseinthewholeworldmyeyecouldreach.”可知，这株玫瑰说话很安静。故选A。10．A.small B．far C．thick D．large答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是这个沙漠看上去很大，在目光所及之处看不到其他的生命。A.small小的；B.far远的；C.thick厚的；D.large大的。由“thereseemstobenooneelseinthewholeworldmyeyecouldreach”可知，这个沙漠很大。故选D。11．A.sorry B．lucky C．happy D．angry答案：A解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我起先为沙漠的孤独而感到难受并确定尽自己最大的努力去帮助它。A.sorry难受的；B.lucky幸运的；C.happy欢乐的；D.angry生气的。由“Therewasnotabirdoratreeinsight”可知，这株玫瑰看到沙漠中少有生命的迹象，所以认为这个沙漠肯定很孤独，并为沙漠的孤独而感到难受。故选A。12．A.refused B．decided C．agreed D．accepted答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我起先为沙漠的孤独而感到难受并确定尽自己最大的努力去帮助它。A.refused拒绝；B.decided确定；C.agreed同意；D.accepted接受。由“asmuchasIcould”可知，这株玫瑰确定尽自己最大的努力去帮助它。故选B。13．A.experienced B．collected C．solved D．forgot答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个过程中，我从未经验过任何对我造成苦痛的事情。A.experienced经验；B.collected收集；C.solved解决；D.forgot遗忘。由“causespaintome”可知，这里应当是对玫瑰造成苦痛的事情的经验，所以这里用experience表示经验过。故选A。14．A.courage B．bravery C．kindness D．concern答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我始终关切的事情是成为这个沙漠的好挚友，并帮助它摆脱孤独。A.courage志气；B.bravery英勇；C.kindness和善；D.concern关注。玫瑰为沙漠感到难受，并确定尽自己最大的努力去帮助沙漠。所以玫瑰始终关切的事情是成为这个沙漠的好挚友。故选D。15．A.expense B．salary C．praise D．reward答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：太阳被这株小玫瑰对沙漠的关切所感动，太阳给了小玫瑰一项嘉奖，让沙漠长出了数百万株玫瑰，将沙漠变成了生命的绿洲。A.expense花费；B.salary薪水；C.praise赞扬；D.reward嘉奖。由“millionsofotherrosesthatfilledthedesertwiththeirsweetsmellsandthusturnedtheentirestretchintoagreatoasis(绿洲)oflife”可知，太阳给了一项嘉奖，就是让沙漠长出了数百万株玫瑰，将沙漠变成了生命的绿洲。故选D。Ⅱ.语法填空Chinahassplendidculturewithalonghistory.Chineseoperaisoneofthe__1__(old)dramaticartformsintheworld.DuringtheTangDynasty,theEmperorTaizongestablishedanoperaschool__2__thepoeticnameLiyuan(PearGarden)．SincetheYuanDynasty,encouragedbycourtofficialsandemperors,it__3__(become)atraditionalartform.DuringtheQingDynasty,__4__becamefashionableamongordinarypeople.Performances__5__(watch)intearooms,restaurants,andevenontemporarystages.Itdevelopedfromfolksongs,dance,talking,antimasque(滑稽戏)andespeciallydistinctivedialecticalmusic.Graduallyitcombinedmusic,artandliteratureintooneperformanceonthestage.__6__(accompany)bytraditionalmusicalinstruments,actorspresentuniquemelodieswhichmaysoundstrangeto__7__(foreign)aswellasbeautifullywrittendialogues,whichareofhighliterary__8__(valuable)．Thesedialoguesalsopromotedthedevelopmentofdistinctliterarystyles,suchasZajuintheYuanDynasty.ForChinese,especiallyolderfolks,__9__(listen)tothiskindofoperaoccasionallyis__10__realpleasure.这篇文章介绍了中国戏曲艺术的发展历史。1．oldest解析：考查最高级。句意