【KS5U原创】新课标2021年高二英语暑假作业-3

新课标2021年高二英语暑假作业3（满分100分）其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorareformed.Itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.

Socialscientistsareofcourseextremelyinterestedinthesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehavior.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwodistinctschoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpect,thetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromeachother,andthereisagreatdealofdebatebetweenproponentsofeachtheory.Thecontroversyisoftenconvenientlyreferredtoas“natureandnurture”．Thosewhosupportthe“nature”sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittle,ifanything,todowithourabilities,characteristicsandbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextreme，thistheorystatesthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchagreatdegreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourinstincts(本能)．Proponentsofthe“nurture”theory,or,astheyareoftencalled,behaviorists,claimthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.Abehaviorist,B.F.Skinner,seeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Thebehaviorists'viewofthehumanbeingisquitemechanistic.Theystatethat,likemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuli(刺激)asthebasisoftheirbehavior.

Sociallyandpolitically,theconsequencesofthesetwotheoriesarefar-reaching.IntheUS，forexample,blacksoftenscorebelowwhitesonstandardizedintelligencetests.Thisleadssome“nature”proponentstoconcludethatblacksaregeneticallylowerinstatusthanwhites.Behaviorists,onthecontrary,saythatthedifferencesinscoresareduetothefactthatblacksareoftenrobbedofmanyoftheeducationalandotherenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhitesenjoy,andthat,asaresult,theydonotdevelopthesameresponsesthatwhitesdo.Neitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.Infact,itisquitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremesandthatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.

【小题1】Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith________.A.relationbetweenpersonalityandbehaviorB.relationbetweenbehaviorandenvironmentC.differentaccountsofpatternsofhumanbehaviorD.differenttheoriesoftheformationofhumanbehavior

【小题2】Theunderlinedword“proponents”inParagraph2means________.A.creators

B.advisors

C.advocates

D.judges

【小题3】InParagraph5,theauthormainlywritesabout________.A.theconsiderableinfluenceofthetwotheoriesB.differencesbetweentheblacksandwhitesC.racialdiscriminationintheUnitedStatesD.differentrespondstointelligencetests

【小题4】What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Tocallourattentiontothechangesofhumanbehavior.B.Tourgescientiststodomoreresearchinsocialscience.C.Togiveusadetailedexplanationofhumanbehavior.D.Topresentanargumentinthefieldofsocialscience.其次节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Procrastination(拖延)isaphenomenonwearefamiliarwith.Whenweprocrastinate,wewasteourfreetimeandputoffimportanttasksweshoulddotillit’stoolate.

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Here,Iwillsharesomepersonalstepstakentoovercomeprocrastinationwithgreatsuccess.Breakyourworkdownintolittleparts.Partofthereasonwhyweprocrastinateisthatwefindtheworktoooverwhelming(巨大的)forus.Breakitdownintolittleparts,andthenfocusononepartatatime.Ifyoustillprocrastinateafterdoingso,breakitdownevenfurther.

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Changeyourenvironment.Lookatyourworkdeskandyourroom.Dotheymakeyouwanttoworkordotheymakeyousleepy?

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Createadetailedtimelinewithspecificdeadlines.Havingjustonedeadlineforyourworkislikeaninvitationtoprocrastinate.That’sbecausewewouldgettheimpressionthatwehavetimeandkeeppushingeverythingbackuntilit’stoolate.

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Inthisway,youknowyouhavetofinisheachtaskbyacertaindate.

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I’mprettysureifyouspendjust10minutestalkingtopeoplelikeSteveJobsorBillGates,you’llbemoreinspiredtoactthanifyouspendthe10minutesdoingnothing.Thepeoplewearewithinfluenceourbehavior.A.Soon,yourtaskwillbesosimplethatyouwillbethinkingyoucandoitnow.B.Seekoutsomeonewhohasalreadyachievedthesimilaroutcometoyourgoals.C.Hangoutwithpeoplewhoinspireyoutotakeaction.D.Havingacompanionmakesthewholeprocessmuchmorefun.E.Ifit’sthelatter,youshouldbegintochangeyourworkspace.F.It’sabadhabiteatingusawayandstoppingusachievinggreatersuccessinlife.G.Breakdownyourproject,andthencreateanoveralltimelinewithspecificdeadlinesforeachsmalltask.第三部分英语学问运用（共两节，满分40）完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mr.Glenisamillionaire.Fiveyearsago,afterreturningfromabroadtohismotherland,he

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uphissmallcompany.Speakingofsuccess,Glenoftentellsusastoryabouthis

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expensive“school”fees.Healways

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hissuccesstoit.Atthattime,Glen,whoalreadygotaPh.Degree,decidedtoreturntothehomeland,startinganundertaking.Before

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,heboughtaRolexwatchwiththe

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madethroughyearsofworkafterschoolandthescholarships.Attheairporthehadtoaccepttheroutinecustomscheck.Thewatchonhiswristwasalsodemandedtobe

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downforinspection.Glenknewthatcarryingthespecificgoodsouthadtopaythetax.Andheworriedaboutpaying

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forhiswatch.Sowhenhewaschecked,hetoldaliethathiswatchwasaworthless

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.Whenhewas

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ofhis‘smarts’,immediately,

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thepresenceofGlen,theofficershitthewatch,which

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nearly￥100,000,intopiecesathearingGlen’swords.Glenwasamazed.

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heunderstoodwhy,hewastakentotheofficetobe

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strictly.Formanytimesofentry-exit

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heknewthatonlythosepeopleinthe“blacklist”would“enjoy”thisspecialtreatment.Theofficers

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everythingcarefullyinthebox,andwarnedhimnomatterwhattimeofentryandexithemustacceptthecheckandif

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reusingandcarryingfakeandshoddy（伪劣）goods,hewouldbe

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accordingtolaw!Suddenly,hisfaceturnedred,andhehadnothinginmindafterboardingtheplaneforlong.Afterreturningtothehomeland,heoftentoldthestorytohisfamily,andhisemployees,too.Hesaidthatthismadeadeep

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onhim,becauseanadditionalhigh“school”feethathehadeverpaidmadehimrealizethevalueof

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,whichhewould

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asthesecretofhissuccessforever.

1.A.setB.cameC.wentD.called2.A.goodB.badC.extraD.few3.A.ownsB.owesC.belongsD.possesses4.A.stayingB.leavingC.livingD.coming5.A.booksB.thingsC.savingsD.pounds6.A.putB.lookedC.takenD.lied7.A.oneB.itC.themD.these8.A.presentB.tradeC.toyD.fake9.A.afraidB.proudC.wellD.hard10.A.inB.onC.beforeD.after11.A.paidB.spentC.tookD.cost12.A.BeforeB.AfterC.IfD.Though13.A.appreciatedB.beatenC.spokenD.examined14.A.conditionsB.experiencesC.experimentsD.chances15.A.lookedoutB.lookedup

C.lookedoverD.lookedround16.A.cameoutB.foundoutC.sentoutD.setout17.A.hitB.blamedC.praisedD.charged18.A.expressionB.ideaC.thoughtD.impression19.A.honestyB.liesC.goodsD.things20.A.rememberB.learnC.reviseD.read

阅读下面材料，用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空(10)Manyyearsago,whenIworked__1___avolunteeratStanfordHospital,IgottoknowalittlegirlnameLiza___2___wassufferingfromarareandseriousdisease.Heronlychanceofrecoveringappearedtobeabloodtransfusionfrom__3___five-year-oldbrother,who___4___(survive)thesamediseaseanddevelopedtheantibodiesneededtocombattheillness.Thedoctorexplainedthesituationtoherlittlebrother,andaskedtheboy___5___hewouldbewillingtogivehisbloodtohissister.Isawhimhesitateforamoment___6___takingadeepbreathandsaying,“Yes,I’lldoitifitwillsaveLiza.”

Asthetransfusionprogressed,helayinabednexttohissister,___7___(smile).Butthenhisfacegrewpaleandhissmilefaded.Helookedatthedoctorandaskedwith___8___tremblingvoice,“WillIstarttodierightaway?”

Beingyoung,theboyhad____9______(understand)thedoctor.Hethoughthewasgoingtohavetogiveher___10__hisblood..第四部分写作（共两节满分30）短文改错（10分）Oneday,Iwascookinginthekitchenwhilethetelephonerings.Iwenttoansweritimmediately.Shewasmyclosefriend,Lisa.Whenweweretalkingonaphone,thefirealarmsounded.Iranbacktothekitchen.Theroomfullofsmokeandthebeefwasbadlyburnt.Iquicklyturnedoffthegases,openingallthewindows,andthenwentoutofthehouse.Inmysurprise,twofireengineswereoutsidemyhouse.Iwasratherworried.Itoldaboutthefirementhatitwasmycarelesscookingwhichcausedtheheavysmoke.书面表达（20分）湖南卫视策划的“超级女生”节目热播，在很多观众特殊是中同学中引起了很大反响,上周你们班也为此开放了一场争辩。请你依据提示将争辩状况写成一篇英语短文

观点支持者对竞赛高度赞扬，理由是它给一些平凡却爱唱歌的女孩子供应了一个通过竞赛呈现才华/呈现自我的舞台或机会。激励了她们的竞争意识（senseofcompeting）。反对者不赞成，理由是花费了太多的时间和精力，这些女孩大部分还是同学，不能集中留意力(concentrateon)学习，对他们的学习产生不良影响。你的观点·······留意：1、行文连贯，内容应完整：2、题目和开头语已经给出；3、词数100左右。答案：其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。答案及解析：DCAD试题分析:本文主要争辩了人的共性和智力是先天形成的还是受环境影响的[小题1]D主旨大意题。首段首句指出作者要争辩的问题，第2段开头从两个方面解释该问题，末段是总结段，由此看来，首段首句和末段首句提到的humanbehavior是本文的中心内容，虽然文章首段第2句就提到intelligent一词，但该句的intelligent，cooperative，competitive等都只是举例说明首句有关personalities和behaviors的问题，由此可见，选项B并非本文主旨；作者提到两种理论是为了解释性格和行为形成的缘由，并非争辩这两种理论形成的缘由，因此A和C两项均不正确。选D[小题2]C猜词题。依据文章内容，我们可以推断proponent应指人，指这两种理论的支持者，只有

advocates“拥护者”符合这种推想，故选C。[小题3]A段落大意题：题干问第五段主要关于什么，这要看第五段的结构。第一句Sociallyandpolitically,theconsequencesofthesetwotheoriesarefar-reaching.很明显是个概括句，下面的论据是为了证明这两个理论的相当大的影响。选A[小题4]D写作意图题：结合文章的首尾可知作者的写作目的是为了介绍社会科学领域的一个争辩吗，答案选D其次节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。答案及解析：FAEGC第三部分英语学问运用（共两节，满分40）完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。答案及解析：ACBBC

CBDBA

DADBC

BDDAA阅读下面材料，用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空(10)答案及解析：1.as

2.who

3.her

4.hadsurvived

5.

whether

6.before

7.smiling

8.a

9.misunderstood

10.all第四部分写作（共两节满分30）短文改错（10分）as---when

rings---rang

She---It

onaphone---onthephonetheroomfullof---theroomwasfullof

opening---opened