【优化方案】2021高考英语(外研版)总复习阶段综合检测(四)

阶段综合检测(四)(时间：100分钟；满分120分)第Ⅰ卷第一部分英语学问运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．—Haveyoumovedinto________newteachingbuilding?—No，thebuildingisunder________construction.A．a；the B．the；/C．/；the D．/；/2．Onereasonforher________forcitylifeisthatshecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.A．reference B．preferenceC．performance D．consequence3．AlthoughWhitneyHoustonhadbeenillforalongtime，itstillcameasashockwhenshe________diedin2022.A．eventually B．occasionallyC．generally D．frequently4．—Whatareyoudoing，Tom?—I’mmakingamodelcar.I________itinthescienceclassat9o’clocktomorrowmorning.A．willbeshowing B．wouldshowC．haveshown D．showed5．________difficulttheproblemis，youhavetotryyourbesttoworkitout.A．Although B．WhateverC．However D．Nomatter6．—Howmuchdidtheguy________youtofixyouriPhone5S?—Idon’tremember,butitwasquitealot.A．cost B．spendC．charge D．take7．Expertsofmanycountrieshavebeentryingto________whatitisthatmakesChinadevelopsofastinthepastfiveyears.A．carryout B．figureoutC．watchout D．goout8．Isawafamiliarfaceinthecrowdyesterday，whosename________meatthattime.A．slipped B．escaped C．failed D．avoided9．Thebusinessmanclaimed________fromBeijingUniversity，whileinfact，heneverwenttocollege.A．tohavegraduated B．tograduateC．havinggraduated D．graduating10．________overandoveragain，buttheboystillcouldn’tworkoutthemathsproblem.A．HavingexplainedB．HavingbeenexplainedC．ThoughitwasexplainedD．Itwasexplained11．HewenttoHainanforaholiday，________alltheworktohiscolleagues.A．left B．hadleftC．leaving D．toleave12．Allflightswerecancelledyesterday________aheavysnow.A．insteadof B．duetoC．butfor D．apartfrom13．Noone________theclassroomwithoutthepermissionoftheheadteacherduringtheclass.A．isleaving B．istoleaveC．hasleft D．willbeleaving14．Hisgrandfatherwassoillthat________hewouldpullthrough.A．hewasunlikelythatB．itseemsunlikelythatC．heseemedunlikelythatD．itwasunlikelythat15．—Doyouenjoycollectingstamps?—Ofcourse.I________.A．havefun B．haveagreattimeC．getagreatkickoutofit D．readoccasionally其次节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ShewasacleanerataschoolinIndia.Herhusbanddiedsoon__16__theymarried，soshehadtoraiseherkidsbyherself.__17__thelasttwentyyears，she’scontinuedtocleanclassroomsatlocalschools.Oneday，though，shehadanidea：Iwanttogive.Itwasfollowed－upbya(n)__18__yetconfusingthought：ButwhatcanI__19__give?Whenshedescribedher__20__toafriend，hetoldherastory.“Gandhiusedtowritemanyletters.Oneday，KakasahebKalelkar，afamousIndianauthor，sawhimwritingwithatinypencilandimmediately__21__Gandhiabiggerpencilfromhispocket.Gandhi__22__saidthathedidn’tneedit.Thenextday，hesawGandhilookingforhispencilandKakasahebagainofferedhim__23__，saying，‘Yourpencilwassosmallanyway.’Gandhigentlyreplied，‘Butachildhadgivenmethatpencil.’Andhecarriedonthe__24__forthatsmallpencil.”__25__thisstory，hetoldher，“Yousweepschoolseveryday.Andso，youmustseeallkindsofsmallpencilsthatkids__26__.Whydon’tyoucollectthoseandI’llgivethemtolittlekidswhocan’t__27__pencilsandteachthemhowtowriteanddraw.”Shelikedthatidea.__28__pencils，sheevencollectederasers，sharpeners，andotherschoolthings.Andwhenherbaggot__29__，shehandeditofftoherfriendtogiveawaytotheneedy.Oneevening，whenshefoundoutthatIwasintown(I’mgoodfriendswithherkids)，she__30__thatIcomeoverfora__31__.Shehadcookedupasimplefeastoflove，whichI__32__enjoyed！AsIwasleaving，shehandedmeaheavyplasticbag.__33__，Iopenedupthatplasticbag，andsawthosesmallpencils，erasersandsharpeners.Itmattersnotwhatyougive，__34__theamountofloveyouputintothatgiving.Thesmallofferinghadacertain__35__thatsimplycan’tbebought.Ifeltit.Everyonefeltit.16.A.before B．afterC．since D．when17．A.During B．SinceC．For D．At18．A.impossible B．unbelievableC．reliable D．reasonable19．A.approximately B．possiblyC．briefly D．faithfully20．A.desire B．determinationC．emotion D．imagination21．A.offered B．suppliedC．charged D．provided22．A.directly B．politelyC．calmly D．instantly23．A.it B．oneC．that D．this24．A.time B．subjectC．search D．place25．A.Reminding B．DiscussingC．Sharing D．Stopping26．A.pullaway B．throwawayC．giveaway D．putaway27．A.pay B．useC．require D．afford28．A.Inplaceof B．InhonorofC．Inadditionto D．Inspiteof29．A.full B．largeC．flat D．empty30．A.invited B．insistedC．advocated D．told31．A.party B．restC．meat D．stay32．A.finally B．regularlyC．normally D．completely33．A.Annoyed B．RelaxedC．Confused D．Disappointed34．A.and B．butC．or D．so35．A.power B．theoryC．view D．tradition其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ADoyouwanttolivewithastrongsenseofpeacefulness，happiness，goodness，andself－respect？Thecollectionofhappinessactionsbroadlycategorizedas“honor”helpyoucreatethislifeofgoodfeelings.Hereisanexampletoshowhowhonorableactionscreatehappiness.Sayastoreclerkfailstochargeusforanitem.Ifwekeepsilent，andprofitfromtheclerk’smistake，wewoulddrivehomewithasenseofmeanexcitement.Laterwemighttellourfamilyoffriendsaboutourgoodfortune.Ontheotherhand，ifwetelltheclerkabouttheunchargeditem，theclerkwouldbegrateful，andthankusforourhonesty.Wewouldleavethestorewithaquietsenseofhonorthatwemightneversharewithanothersoul.Then，whatisittodowithoursenseofhappiness?Inthefirstcase，wherewedon’ttelltheclerk，acoupleofthingswouldhappen.Deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief.Intheprocess，wewouldlosesomepeaceofmindandself－respect.Wewouldalsodemonstratethatwecannotbetrusted，sinceweadvertiseourdishonorbytellingourfamilyandfriends.Wedamageourownreputationsbytellingothers.Incontrast，bringing_the_error_to_the_clerk’s_attentioncausesdifferentthingstohappen.Immediatelytheclerkknowsustobehonorable.Uponleavingthestore，wefeelhonorableandourself－respectisincreased.Wheneverwetakehonorableactionwegainthedeepinternalrewardsofgoodnessandasenseofnobility.Thereisabeautifulpositivecyclethatiscreatedbylivingalifeofhonorableactions.Honorablethoughtsleadtohonorableactions.Honorableactionsleadustoahappierexistence.Andit’seasytothinkandacthonorablyagainwhenwe’rehappy.Whilethepositivecyclecanbedifficulttostart，onceit’sstarted，it’seasytocontinue.Keepingondoinggooddeedsbringsuspeaceofmind，whichisimportantforourhappiness.36．Theauthorthinksthatkeepingsilentabouttheunchargeditemisequalto________.A．lying B．stealingC．cheating D．advertising37．Theunderlinedphrase“bringingtheerrortotheclerk’sattention”means________.A．tellingthetruthtotheclerkB．offeringadvicetotheclerkC．askingtheclerktobemoreattentiveD．remindingtheclerkofthechargeditem38．Howwillwefeelifwelettheclerkknowhermistake?A．We’llbeveryexcited.B．We’llfeelunfortunate.C．We’llhaveasenseofhonor.D．We’llfeelsorryfortheclerk.39．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．HowtoLiveTruthfullyB．ImportanceofPeacefulnessC．WaysofGainingSelf－respectD．HappinessthroughHonorableActionsBScientistsatHarvardUniversityandBatesCollegefindfemalechimpanzees(黑猩猩)appeartotreatsticksasdolls，carryingthemarounduntiltheyhavechildrenoftheirown.Youngmalesengageinsuchbehaviormuchlessfrequently.ThenewworkbySonyaM．KahlenbergandRichardW．Wrangham，describedthisweekinthejournalCurrentBiology，providesthefirstevidenceofawildnon－humanspeciesplayingwithdolls，aswellasthefirstknownsexdifferenceinawildanimal’schoiceofplaythings.Thetworesearcherssaytheirworkaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethathumanchildrenareprobablybornwiththeirownideasofhowtheywanttobehave，ratherthansimplymirroringothergirlswhoplaywithdollsandboyswhoplaywithtrucks.Dollplayamonghumanscouldhaveitsoriginsinobject－carryingbyearlierapes(猿类)，theysay，suggestingthattoyselectionisprobablynotdueentirelytosocialization.“Inhumans，thereareobvioussexdifferencesinchildren’stoyplay，andtheseareremarkablysimilaracrosscultures，”saysKahlenberg.“Whilesocializationbyeldersandpeershasbeentheprimaryexplanation，ourworksuggeststhatbiologymayalsohaveanimportantroletoplayinactivitypreferences.”In14yearsofdataonchimpanzeebehaviorattheKibaleNationalParkinUganda，KahlenbergandWranghamcountedmorethan100examplesofstick－carrying.Someyoungchimpanzeescarriedsticksintothenesttosleepwiththemandononeoccasionbuiltaseparatenestforthestick.“Wehaveseenjuvenilesoccasionallycarryingsticksformanyyears，andbecausetheysometimestreatedthemratherlikedolls，wewantedtoknowifingeneralthisbehaviortendedtorepresentsomethinglikeplayingwithdolls，”saysWrangham，aProfessoratHarvard“Ifthedollhypothesis(假设)wasright，wethoughtthatfemalesshouldcarrysticksmorethanmalesdo，andthatthechimpanzeesshouldstopcarryingstickswhentheyhadtheirfirstchild.Wehavenowwatchedenoughyoungchimpanzeestoprovebothpoints.”40．Whatdoesafemalechimpanzeedowithsticks?A．Shegivesthemtoherchildtoplaywith.B．Shetreatsthemasweapons.C．Shetreatsthemasdolls.D．Shemakesusefultoolsfromthem.41．Whatcausesthedifferenttoyselectionofchimpanzees，accordingtothepassage?A．Socialization. B．Sexdifference.C．Environment. D．Culturaldifference.42．Wecaninferfromthefourthparagraphthat________.A．socializationhasnothingtodowithhuman’schoiceofplaythingsB．thebiologyfactormayalsoinfluencetoychoiceC．sexdifferenceistheonlyfactorinhuman’schoiceofplaythingsD．peoplechoosedifferenttoysindifferentcultures43．Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.A．chimpanzeesusuallychooseplaythingsfortheirchildrenB．differentfactorscausehumansandchimpanzeestochoosedifferentplaythingsC．onlyfemalechimpanzeeshaveplaythingsD．bothhumansandchimpanzeeschoosetheirplaythingsduetosexdifferenceCAsthousandsofcommunitiesintheUSA—especiallyintheSouth—becameboominggatewaysforimmigrantfamiliesfromCentralandSouthAmericaduringthe1990sandtheearlyyearsofthenewcentury，publicschoolsstruggledwiththeunfamiliartaskofservingthelargenumbersofEnglishlearnersarrivingintheirclassrooms.Educationprogramsneededtobebuilt_from_scratch“WehadnoteachingresourcessuitableforEnglishlearnersherebefore.Wehadtodevelopthemallourselves，”aTexasprincipalsaid.Throughoutthecountry，districtshadtotraintheirownteacherstoteachEnglishtonon－nativespeakersorrecruitteachersfromelsewhere.SchoolstaffmembershadtofigureouthowtocommunicatewithparentswhospokenoEnglish.Butevenasimmigrationhasslowedorstoppedinmanyplaces，andinstructionalprogramsforEnglish－learnershavematured，servingimmigrantfamiliesandtheirchildrenremainsaworkinprogressinmanypublicschools，especiallythoseincommunitiesthatareskeptical，orsometimesunwelcoming，tothenewcomers.Oneofthebiggestchallengeseducatorsface，iscommunicatingeffectivelywithparentswhodon’tspeakEnglish—anissuethat，inpart，hascontributedtorecentcomplaintsofdiscriminationbyLatinostudentsinsomecities.“Theparents’roleisveryimportantforthesuccessofthesestudents，butit’salsooneofthemostdifficultthingswe’vehadtotackle，”saidJim D．Rollins，thepresidentoftheSpringdaleschooldistrict，wherethe19,000－studentschoolsystemhasgonefromhavingnoEnglish－learners15yearsagotomorethan7,500now.“Youhavetomakeitapriorityandworkonit，workonit，andworkonit.”Asidefromthepracticalchallenges，suchasfindingbilingual(会说两种语言的)staffmembers，guidingdistrictsthroughsuchdramaticchangesrequiresschoolleaderstobridgedifficultpoliticalandculturaldivides.ForschoolleadersintheSouth，especiallyinthelastfewyears，thisdifficultjobhasbeenmadeharderstillbythenegativeattitudesofsomelocalstowardsimmigrants.44．Theunderlinedpart“builtfromscratch”(inParagraph2)probablymeans“________”．A．completelynewB．painfultomakeC．basedonpastexperienceD．constructedgradually45．Whatisoneofthethingstheschoolleadershavedonetodealwiththeproblems?A．ProvidemoreSpanish－onlyclasses.B．Invitemoreteachersfromotherplaces.C．TraintheirteacherstospeakSpanish.D．Usebilingualparentsaspart－timeteachers.46．Whatdoweknowabouttheimmigrantparents?A．ManyofthemcannotspeakEnglish.B．Mostofthemthinkeducationisnotimportant.C．Someofthemfeelskepticalaboutthelocalcommunity.D．FewofthemhaveattendedAmericanschools.47．AccordingtoParagraph3，whathascausedsomeoftherecentcomplaintsbyLatinostudents?A．Discriminationbyschools.B．Unfriendlinessofthelocals.C．Miscommunicationwithparents.D．Poorgovernmentservice.DSupposeyouworkinabigfirmandfindEnglishveryimportantforyourjobbecauseyouoftendealwithforeignbusinessmen.NowyouarelookingforaplacewhereyoucanimproveyourEnglish，especiallyyourspokenEnglish.HerearesomeadvertisementsaboutEnglishlanguagetraining.Youmayfindtheinformationyouneed.GlobalEnglishCenter*GeneralEnglishinallfourskills:listening，speaking，reading，andwriting.*3－month(700yuan),6－month(1,200yuan)andone－year(2,000yuan)courses.*Choiceofmorningoreveningclasses,3hoursperday，Mon.～Fri.*ExperiencedcollegeEnglishteachers.*Closetothecitycenterandbusstops.Tel：67705272Add:105ZhongshanRoad,100082The21stCenturyEnglishTrainingCentre*Wespecializeineffectiveteachingatalllevels.*Weoffermorningorafternoonclasses，boththreemonthsandahalfatacostof800yuan.Wealsohaveasix－weekTOEFLpreparationclassduringwinterandsummerholidays.Entranceexams：June1andDec.1.Only15－minutewalkfromthecitycenter.Call67801642formoreinformation.TheInternationalHouseofEnglishThree－/Six－monthEnglishcoursesforstudentsofalllevelsatverylowcost：60yuanfor12hoursperweek；convenientclasshours：9∶00～12∶00a．m.and2∶00～5∶00p．m..*Afour－montheveningprogrammefordevelopingspeakingskills(samecostasdayclasses)．*Freesightseeingandsocialactivities.*VeryclosetotheCentralPark.Forfurtherinformationcall67432308.48．Youworkfrom9∶00a．m.to4∶30p．m.everyday，whichschoolwillyouchoose?A．OnlyGlobalEnglishCenter.B．GlobalEnglishCenterandthe21stCentury.C．The21stCenturyandtheInternationalHouse.D．GlobalEnglishCenterandtheInternationalHouse.49．The21stCenturyisdifferentfromtheothertwoschoolsinthat________.A．itrequiresanentranceexamB．itsteachingqualityisbetterC．itisnearesttothecitycenterD．itscoursesaremoreadvanced50．YouwillprobablychoosetheInternationalHousebecause________.A．ithasnativeEnglishteachersB．itcostslessthantheotherschoolsC．ithasaspecialcourseinspokenEnglishD．itoffersfreesightseeingandsocialactivities其次节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Therearethreestepstobeingasuccessfulfashioncompany.Stepone：__51__Steptwo：Sellenoughclothesformorethanyoumadethem.Stepthree:Doitagain，andagain，andagain.__52__Buteachstepisloadedwithitsowndifficulties.First，styleischangeable.Second，distinguishingyourselfisexpensive.Designersandadvertisingcostalotofmoney.Bothareessentialifyouwanttostandoutinacrowdedglobalmarketplaceforclothes，whereyou’redoingbattlewithdepartmentstores，legacybrandsandonlineupstarts.Zara，theworld’slargestfashionretailer(霍尔商)，hasaninnovativesolutiontoboththestyleproblemandthemarketingproblem，asSuzyHansenexplainedintheNewYorkTimesmagazinethisweekend.Ratherthanhireworld－classdesigners，Zara，whichisbasedinSpain，politelycopiesthem.__53__That’sthedesignchallenge.Howaboutadvertising？__54__Thereisnoadvertisementbudget.Instead，thecompanyspendsgreatamountsofmoneybuyingstorefronts(店面)nexttoluxurybrandstoownthelabelof“affordableluxury(铺张品)”．__55__It’sanewprocess:fastfashion，directedbycustomersandenabledbytimelymanufacturing.Processinnovationisthestoryofmodernretail—especiallyhereintheU．S.Amazonshowedusyoucanshopwithamouse，deletingthousandsofstorefrontsintheprocess.A．Easyenoughtolist.B．Productivityisthengreatlyincreased.C．Basically，Zaradoesn’tdoit.D．Makeclothesthatpeoplewanttowear.E．Itpushesdownprices，forcingbusinessestofollow.F．Thenitreliesonaglobalnetworkofshopper－feedbacktoadjusttheirdesigns.G．ButZara’smostimportantcontributionisn’tanewproduct.第Ⅱ卷第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线。并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ihavebeeninterestedindoingresearchintomyfamilyhistoryformanyyears，whenenablesmetolearnmoreaboutmyancestor.IstartedbyinterviewingmyoldestlivingrelativesaboutourlifeandhowtheymovedtoherefromAsia.ThenIwrotedowntheirnamesorotherinformationinafamilytreechart.Ivisitedtheofficeinchargeofkeeprelatedrecords.Besides，IwenttosomelocalchurcheswhereIamabletofindmoreusefulfacts.Lookingoverthepersonallyletters，photosandwillsalsoprovidedmeforcluestomyfamily’spast.NowIamwritingabookanditwillpublishedsoon.其次节书面表达(满分25分)假如你是李华，国际学校的老师Paul邀请你星期六参与该校进行的“中国文化日”活动。但你爷爷突然生病住院，你要和父母一起去医院探视，不得不谢绝他的邀请。请依据下列要点用英语给Paul写一封电子邮件。要点：1.谢绝邀请；2．说明理由；3．预祝活动成功。留意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．邮件开头和结尾已为你写好。DearPaul，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua阶段综合检测(四)第一部分英语学问运用第一节单项填空1．解析：选B。考查冠词。第一空表特指，用定冠词the；其次空underconstruction为固定短语，意为“在建设中”。2．解析：选B。考查名词辨析。句意：她宠爱城市生活的一个缘由是她能很便利地去商店、饭店这样的地方。preference“偏爱，宠爱”，符合句意。reference“参考”；performance“表演，演出”；consequence“后果”。3．解析：选A。考查副词辨析。句意：尽管惠特妮·休斯顿已经病了很长时间，但当得知她最终在2022年去世时还是让人感到震惊。eventually最终；occasionally间或；generally一般地，通常地；frequently经常地，频繁地。4．解析：选A。考查将来进行时。依据时间状语at9o’clocktomorrowmorning可知用将来进行时。句意：——汤姆，你在干什么？——我在做一个汽车模型。明天上午9点钟我会在科学课上呈现它。5．解析：选C。考查连词。句意：不管问题有多难，你必需尽最大努力解决它。however引导让步状语从句，后跟形容词或副词；whatever不能修饰形容词；nomatter后接形容词的正确形式是nomatterhow。6．解析：选C。考查动词辨析。charge在本句中意为“索价”；cost表示某物“花费”多少钱；spend指人“花费”时间或金钱；take表示“花费、需要”用于ittakessb.time/energytodosth.。7．解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：很多国家的专家都始终在努力弄清楚在过去的五年是什么使中国如此快速地进展。figureout弄清，弄懂；carryout执行，开展，进行，完成；watchout当心，留意；goout熄灭，出去。8．解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意：昨天我在人群中看到了一张生疏的面孔，可是我当时想不起名字了。slip滑过，使滑动；escape遗忘，被遗忘，想不起；fail失败，衰退；avoid避开，回避。9．解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。claim“声称，宣称”，常用于搭配claimtodosth.。假如强调不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前，claim后接不定式的完成式，即claimtohavedonesth.。10．解析：选D。考查并列句。依据连词but，可知前后是两个分句，可以排解选项A和B；though不行以与but连用，故选项C不正确；explain和it是动宾关系，因此用被动句。句意：(老师)解释过很多遍了，但这个男孩还是不懂怎么解这道数学题。11．解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。leavingalltheworktohiscolleagues是现在分词短语作结果状语。不定式作结果状语时，表示出乎预料。12．解析：选B。考查短语辨析。句意：由于大雪，昨天全部航班都取消了。dueto“由于，由于”；insteadof“而不是，代替”；butfor“要不是”；apartfrom“除了……”。13．解析：选B。句意：上课期间未经班主任的允许任何人不得离开教室。betodosth.表示“必需/应当做某事”，符合题意。14．解析：选D。考查句式和时态。Itis/wasunlikelythat，Itseems/seemedunlikelythat分别表示“不行能……/好像不行能……”，B项时态错误，故答案为D。15．解析：选C。考查交际用语。句意：——你宠爱集邮吗？——当然了。我从集邮中得到很大的乐趣。havefun＝haveagreattime玩得快乐；getakickoutofit从中得到乐趣；readoccasionally间或读书。其次节完形填空[解题导语]本文是一篇记叙文。一名在学校打扫卫生的清洁工在丈夫去世后独自抚养自己的孩子。在这种状况下，她照旧想奉献社会，为别人做些什么。在伴侣的启发下，她开头收集同学丢弃的铅笔、橡皮、卷笔刀等，并把这些东西送给买不起学习用品的同学，作者从这位清洁工的身上学到了很多东西。16．解析：选B。考查连词词义辨析。依据“soshehadtoraiseherkidsbyherself”可知，她不得不自己抚养孩子。由此可知，此处指的是结婚后，after与此相符。故答案选B。17．解析：选C。考查介词辨析。依据“she’scontinued”的现在完成时态可知，她打扫教室20年了。for与一段时间连用，句子常用现在完成时，与题意相符。故答案选C。18．解析：选D。考查形容词词义辨析。impossible意为“不行能的”；unbelievable意为“难以置信的，不行信的”；reliable意为“牢靠的，可信任的”；reasonable意为“合理的，通情达理的”。空格前提到，她想奉献；再依据表转折意义的词“yet”可知，reasonable符合语境。故答案选D。19．解析：选B。考查副词辨析。approximately意为“大约，近似”；possibly意为“可能，或许”；briefly意为“短暂地，简略地，临时地”；faithfully意为“忠实地，照实地，诚意诚意地”。作为一名清洁工，最初她不清楚自己可能会为别人做什么。possibly符合语境，故答案选B。20．解析：选A。考查名词词义辨析。desire意为“愿望，渴望，心愿”；determination意为“决心，确定”；emotion意为“情感，心情”；imagination意为“想象，想象力”。由于自己拿不准该做些什么，她向伴侣描述了自己的愿望。desire符合文意，故答案选A。21．解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。A项意为“赐予，供应，出价”；B项意为“供应，供应”；C项意为“充电，控告，索价”；D项意为“供应”。依据下文的“againofferedhim”可知，那位出名作家主动给Gandhi一支更长的铅笔。在四个选项中，A项表示“主动赐予或主动供应”，与语境相符。故答案选A。依据下文的“Kakasahebagainofferedhim”也可知答案。22．解析：选B。考查副词词义辨析。directly意为“直接地，马上”；politely意为“有礼貌地，客气地，委婉地”；calmly意为“冷静地，安静地，安静地”；instantly意为“马上地，马上地，即刻地”。依据常识及下文可知，Gandhi有礼貌地回绝了。politely与此相符，故答案选B。23．解析：选B。考查代词辨析。依据上下文及“again”可知，那位作家又供应应Gandhi一支铅笔，one指代同类不同物，符合语境。故答案选B。24．解析：选C。考查名词词义辨析。依据上文可知，Gandhi没有要作家的那支铅笔，而是连续查找那支小铅笔。searchfor意为“查找，搜寻”，与语境相符合，故答案选C。25．解析：选C。考查动词词义辨析。清洁工的伴侣向她叙述了Gandhi使用铅笔的故事，是想和她共享这一故事，给她出方法。sharing符合文意，故答案选C。26．解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。pullaway意为“离开，脱身，拉掉”；throwaway意为“扔掉，丢弃”；giveaway意为“泄露，赠送”；putaway意为“放好，储存”。依据下文“collectthose”可知，此处指的是孩子扔掉的小铅笔。throwaway符合语境，故答案选B。27．解析：选D。考查动词词义辨析。依据上文可知，把收集到的小铅笔送给那些买不起铅笔的孩子们。afford有“买得起”之意，与语境相符。故答案选D。28．解析：选C。考查介词短语辨析。A项意为“代替”；B项意为“为纪念，为庆祝”；C项意为“除……之外”；D项意为“尽管，不管，不顾”。依据“sheevencollectederasers，sharpeners，andotherschoolthings”可知，她还收集了橡皮、卷笔刀等。因此，此处指的是“除了收集铅笔外”。C项与此相符，故答案选C。29．解析：选A。考查形容词词义辨析。依据“shehandeditofftoherfriend”可知，此处指包里装满了铅笔。full与语境相符合，故答案选A。30．解析：选B。考查动词词义辨析。空格后为宾语从句，从句谓语动词是动词原形comeover，实际上是虚拟语气形式，省略了should。insisted所跟的宾语从句可使用虚拟语气shoulddo的形式，should通常可以省略。结合文意可知，答案选B。31．解析：选C。考查名词词义辨析。依据下文“Shehadcookedupasimplefeast...”可知，作者去清洁工家里吃饭。meal的词义与此相符，故答案选C。32．解析：选D。考查副词词义辨析。finally意为“最终，最终”；regularly意为“定期地，有规律地”；normally意为“正常地，通常地”；completely意为“完全地，彻底地”。依据空格前内容可知，作者去伴侣家里吃饭完全是一种享受。因此，completely符合文意，故答案选D。33．解析：选C。考查形容词词义辨析。A项意为“生气的，郁闷的”；B项意为“放松的，拘束的”；C项意为“迷惑的，困惑的，混乱的”；D项意为“无望的”。伴侣递过来一个很重的塑料袋，作者不知道里面装的是什么。因此，在迷惑中打开了塑料袋。由此可知，confused符合语境。故答案选C。34．解析：选B。考查连词辨析。依据空格前的“not”并结合选项可知，此处为“not...but...”结构，意为“不是……而是……”。故答案选B。35．解析：选A。考查名词词义辨析。在文章的最终，作者通过清洁工的善举，得出了一个结论：小小的善举却有金钱所买不到的力气。power意为“力气，权力，功率”，与语境相符。故答案选A。其次部分阅读理解第一节[解题导语]本文为一篇说明文。文章以例证的方式说明白“高尚品德造就幸福生活”的真理，并剖析了其中的缘由，呼吁人们为提高生活幸福指数应当去做高尚的、值得人敬重的事。36．解析：选B。细节理解题。依据文中第五段其次句“Deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief.”可知，答案应选B项。37．解析：选A。句意理解题。依据文章第三段举的例子和第五段的内容可知，画线句指的是“告知店员对某商品没有收钱的事实”。故答案选A。38．解析：选C。细节理解题。依据文中第五段中的“Immediatelytheclerkknowsustobehonorable.Uponleavingthestore，wefeelhonorable...”可知，假如我们告知店员没有收钱的事情，店员会很感谢。我们离店时，内心会有一种别人永久无法共享的荣誉感。故答案选C。39．解析：选D。标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章以例证的方式说明白“高尚品德造就幸福生活”的道理。故答案选D。[解题导语]本文是一篇科普文。争辩发觉，雌性黑猩猩会把棍子当作自己的玩偶，直到它们有了自己的孩子。40．解析：选C。细节理解题。依据第一段第一句“...femalechimpanzees(黑猩猩)appeartotreatsticksasdolls...”可知，雌性黑猩猩会把棍子当作自己的玩偶。故选C项。41．解析：选B。细节理解题。依据其次段中的“aswellasthefirstknownsexdifference...playthings”可知，性别差异是导致黑猩猩玩具选择差异的主要缘由。故选B项。42．解析：选B。推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句“ourworksuggeststhatbiologymayalsohaveanimportantroletoplayinactivitypreferences”可知，这两位科学家的争辩表明：生物学因素也可能影响黑猩猩对玩具的偏好。A项与原文中的“Whilesocializationbyeldersandpeershasbeenthep