2019届高考英语一轮复习-Module-5-The-Conquest-of-the-Universe讲义-外研版选修

Module5

TheConquestoftheUniverse

第一板块重点单词1.accustomedadj.习惯的

(2)accustom

vt.使……习惯于accustomoneself/sb.to(doing)sth.

使……习惯于(做)某事【即时训练】单句语法填空①Theyfindthemselvesworkingtosupportthelifestyle__whichtheyhavesoquicklybecomeaccustomed.②We’reaccustomedto______(have)onethinginourpockettodoallthesethings.

tohaving2.acknowledgev.

承认;认为;告知收到(信件,礼物);感谢acknowledgesth./that...承认……acknowledgedoingsth. 承认做过某事acknowledge...as/tobe... 认为……是(常用于被动语态)Itiswidely/generally/universallyacknowledgedthat...

人们广泛/普遍认为……【即时训练】完成句子①_____________________________FrozenisoneofthemostsuccessfulcartoonmoviesbyDisney.人们普遍认为《冰雪奇缘》是迪士尼最成功的动画电影之一。②Hefinally______________________thetopsecretbecauseofhiscarelessness.最后他承认由于疏忽泄露了最高机密。Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatacknowledgedlettingout3.consultv.

咨询;请教(1)consultwithsb.同某人商量,与某人协商consultsb.aboutsth. 就某事向某人征求意见;

向某人请教某事(2)consultadictionary/one’snotes

查阅字典/笔记(3)consultant n.

顾问【即时训练】完成句子①Ifyouhaveanydoubtsaboutyourhealth,you’dbetter_________________atonce.如果你对你的健康有任何疑问,你最好马上咨询你的医生。consultyourdoctor②Whynot___________Frank?Yousee,twoheadsarebetterthanone.为什么不和Frank商量一下呢?你知道,三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。consultwith【知识拓展】表示“查阅”的词义辨析consult表示“查阅”时,后面接书籍、词典、资料之类的词。表示“咨询;磋商”时,常用于consultsb.aboutsth.referto表示“查阅”时,后面接书籍、词典、资料之类的词,可以与consult互换。referto还表示“提到,说起”lookup表示“查阅”时,用于lookupaword/anidiom/asentence/afactinabook/adictionary。lookup还表示“抬起头,好转”4.assumev.

假定,假设(1)assumesb./sth.tobe假定某人/某物是……assumethat 认为……;假定……Itisassumedthat... 人们认为assumingthat 假定/认为……(作状语)(2)assumption n.

假定,假设【即时训练】单句语法填空①It____________(assume)thatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.

wasassumed完成句子②_____________wearefacingachallengeinlife,weshouldreactpositively.假如我们生活中遇到了挑战,我们应该做出积极的反应。Assumingthat【知识拓展】

表示“假设,假定”,相当于if的特殊形式:

①Suppose/Supposingthatyouarethemanagerofashop,youaretoconsiderhowtomanageitwell.

假如你是一家商店的经理,你就要考虑如何将店经营好。

②Provided/Providingthatyouhavemadesomeprogressinyourstudy,youshouldnotbeproud.

假如你在学习上取得了一些进步,也不应该骄傲。第二板块常考短语句式1.inspiteof尽管,不管,不顾inspiteof=despite尽管,不管inspiteofthefactthat... 尽管这一事实regardlessof 不管,不顾【即时训练】①_________thelarge-scaleconstructionofroadsandhighways,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement.尽管进行了大规模的道路和公路的建设,依然有改进的空间。Inspiteof②_______thepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreementhasbeenreachedsofarbythetwosides.虽然经过了先前几轮的谈判,但是到目前为止,双方没有达成共识。Despite2.makeit成功,及时赶到(1)makeitto按时到达;能够出席或参加(2)makeit+时间 把某事定在某个时间makeitthrough 成功度过,挺过,熬过【即时训练】完成句子①Itwasarealraceagainsttimetogettheprojectdone.Luckily,we_______.为了完成这一项目,我们争分夺秒。幸运的是,我们成功地做到了。②Sarah___________________justintimetocatchherplanethismorning.Sarah赶到了机场,正好及时赶上了今天早上的飞机。madeitmadeittotheairport3.________________whatimpacthewasgoingtomake.他一点都不知道他将要造成多大的轰动。(1)具有否定意义的副词放在句首时,一般采用部分倒装结构。这类表示否定意义的词有never,rarely,seldom,scarcely,little,not,hardly,以及notonly...but(also),nosooner...than,hardly...when,scarcely...when,notuntil等。Littledidheknow(2)表示否定意义的介词短语,如bynomeans,innoway,innocase,onnocondition,atnotime等位于句首时,句子也要用部分倒装。【即时训练】完成句子①Notonce__________toMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.迈克尔从来没想过有一天他会成为班里的一名顶尖学生。②Innocase______________________whentakingexams.在任何情况下学生考试都不应作弊。diditoccurshouldthestudentscheat【要点拾遗】1.sympathyn.

同情;同情心(1)express/show/havesympathyfor对……表示同情outofsympathyforsb. 出于对某人的同情insympathywith 赞成;与……一致(2)sympathetic adj.同情的【即时训练】①Shefindsherselftornbetweenhersympathy___theanimalsbeingexperimentedonandherfriendshipwithBantingandBest.(介词填空)②I_______________theseunattendedchildreninthemountainvillage.我对那些在山村里的留守儿童表示同情。forfeelsympathyfor【知识拓展】表示“同情,怜悯”的其他方式:①havepityon②havemercyon2.______________________,boththeobservationsofscienceandtheevidenceofoureyesleadtotheinescapableassumption.尽管看起来不可思议,但科学观测以及我们肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们做出这个设想。Incredibleasitmayseem(1)Incredibleasitmayseem=Althoughitmayseemincredible。(2)as/though引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然、尽管”,常将表语、状语或谓语动词的一部分提到句首,构成倒装结构,其常见句式形式包括:名词+as/though+主语+be+其他成分;形容词+as/though+主语+be+其他成分;

副词+as/though+主语+谓语动词+其他成分;动词原形+as/though+主语+助动词/情态动词+其他成分。(3)当单数名词位于as/though引导的让步状语从句的句首时,名词前的不定冠词要