人教版初中英语语法知识学习课件之形容词和副词语法学习课件

形容词和副词语法学习图解语法考点

1

形容词形容词的用法1.作表语，位于系动词后。如：·The

dish

you

made

looks

so

nice.·Students

are

busy

writing

without

talking,

so

the

classroom

is

quiet.[2022广西北部湾经济区中考]2.作定语，通常位于名词之前，复合不定代词之后。如：·—Jim

and

I

share

similar

tastes

and

hobbies.—No

wonder

you

take

part

in

lots

of

meaningful

social

activities

together.[2022安徽中考]·There

must

be

something

interesting

in

his

new

movie.3.作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，常与make,

find,

think,

keep等动词连用。如：She

thought

him

kind

and

helpful.4."the+形容词"表示一类人the

blind盲人

the

wise智者the

old老人

the

young年轻人the

rich富人

the

poor穷人the

disabled残疾人

the

sick病人the

wounded伤员易失分点

有些形容词通常用作表语而不用作定语，如：afraid,

awake,

asleep,

alive,

alone，

ill，

well等。如：Is

your

young

brother

asleep?

易混形容词辨析-ing形容词

-ed形容词

特点：一般用来形容事物本身具有的特征、性质，表示"令人……的"，主语一般是事或物特点：一般用来形容人对事物的感受，表示"感到……的"，主语一般是人。常用结构：sb.+系动词+-ed形容词+介词This

story

is

so

interesting

that

we

are

all

interested

in

it.归纳拓展interesting（有趣的）→interested（感兴趣的）surprising（令人惊讶的）→surprised（感到惊讶的）exciting（令人兴奋的）→excited（兴奋的）boring（无聊的）→bored（感到厌烦的）moving（令人感动的）→moved（感动的）tiring（令人疲倦的）→tired（感到疲倦的）

amazing（令人大为惊奇的）→amazed（感到惊讶的）relaxing

（令人放松的）→relaxed（感到放松的）satisfying

（令人满意的）→satisfied（满意的）touching

（感人的）→touched（受感动的）考点

2

副词副词的用法用法例句作状语She

put

the

glass

down

carefully.作表语I

must

be

off

now.作宾语补足语Let

them

in.副词的分类时间副词时间副词是确定句子时态的重要依据。时间副词有today,

yesterday,

tomorrow,

now,

soon,

before,

then,

ago,

lately,

tonight等。方式副词方式副词常用来说明行为方式，多由"形容词+-ly"构成。方式副词有safely,

happily,

quickly,

politely,

slowly,

loudly,

carefully,

actively,

warmly等。程度副词程度副词有very,

quite,

little,

much,

too,

almost,

enough,

rather,

nearly等。地点副词地点副词表示动作是在什么地方发生的，与动词连用时，其前不加介词。地点副词有here,

there,

home,

anywhere,

down,

up,

below,

inside,

outside,

in等。疑问副词（词组）疑问副词（词组）常用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问副词（词组）有when,

where,

why,

how,

how

often,

how

long,

how

far,

how

soon等。频度副词频度副词表示动作发生的频率。频度副词有always,

usually,

often,sometimes,seldom,never等。连接副词连接副词有besides,

therefore,

however等。同形形容词和副词

一些词既可作形容词，也可作副词，应特别注意。1.词义相似的同形形容词和副词2.词义不同的同形形容词和副词

易失分点

以-ly结尾的单词不一定都是副词，有些形容词也是以-ly结尾的。如：friendly（友好的）,

lovely（可爱的）,

lively（充满活力的）,

lonely（孤独的）等。考点

3

形容词和副词的比较等级比较级和最高级的构成1.规则变化构成方法原级比较级最高级一般在词尾加-er或-estsmallsmallersmallestyoungyoungeryoungest以不发音的字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r或-stlargelargerlargestwidewiderwidest构成方法原级比较级最高级以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-estwetwetterwettestbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest续表构成方法原级比较级最高级以"辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，先变y为i，再加-er或-estbusybusierbusiestheavyheavierheaviestearlyearlierearliest其他双音节词和多音节词在其前加more或mostdifficultmore

difficultmost

difficultcarefulmore

carefulmost

carefulimportantmore

importantmost

important续表2.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest形容词和副词的原级比较1.A+谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B表示"A和B一样……"。如：Your

jacket

is

as

new

as

mine.2.A+谓语动词+not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B表示"A不像B那样……"。如：This

apple

is

not

as/so

big

as

that

one.易失分点

同级比较时，为了避免重复，常用the

one,

the

ones,

that,

those等词来代替前面出现过的名词。其中the

one指代可数名词单数形式，the

ones或those指代可数名词复数形式，that指代可数名词单数或不可数名词。如：

The

pictures

on

the

table

are

as

lovely

as

those

on

the

wall.形容词和副词比较级的用法1.A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B表示"A比B更……"。如：He

works

harder

than

us.2.A+谓语动词+less+形容词/副词原级+than+B表示"A不如B……"

。如：This

red

dress

is

less

expensive

than

the

blue

one.3.Which/Who+谓语动词+比较级，A

or

B?表示"A和B哪一个更……？"。如：Who

runs

faster,

Tom

or

Jerry?4.The+比较级，the+比较级表示"越……，越……"。如：·The

more

careful

you

are,

the

fewer

mistakes

you

will

make.·The

earlier

we

take

action

to

protect

our

environment,

the

better

it

will

be

for

our

future.

[2022昆明中考]5.the+形容词比较级+of

the

two...表示"两者中较……的"。如：The

taller

of

the

two

girls

is

my

sister.6.比较级+and+比较级表示"越来越……"，若比较级是在原形前加more构成的，则用"more

and

more+原形"表示"越来越……"。如：·Things

are

getting

better

and

better.·This

song

gets

more

and

more

popular.提分速记

一些可用于修饰形容词和副词比较级的表示程度的副词（短语）有：much,

a

little,

even,

a

lot,

a

bit,

far等。如：Diana

was

a

little

fat

in

the

past.

But

now

she

is

much

thinner

than

before.

形容词和副词最高级的用法

最高级用于三者或三者以上人或事物的比较。在最高级的句型中常用由among，in

或of构成的介词短语来指出比较范围。形容词最高级前通常加定冠词the，副词最高级前一般不加定冠词。1.A+谓语动词

（+the）+最高级（+名词）+in/of短语表示"A是……中最……的"。如：·Tom

studies

hardest

in

our

class,

so

he

often

gets

first

place

in

the

exam.·He

is

the

greatest

player

of

the

group.2.one

of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词表示"最……的……之一"。如：·Mr.

Smith

is

one

of

the

most

popular

teachers

in

our

school.3.the

+序数词+形容词最高级+名词表示"第几……的……"。如：The

Yellow

River

is

the

second

longest

river

in

China.4.表示在三者中进行比较。如：Who

works

hardest,

Lily,

Tony

or

Mary?Who/Which+谓语动词

（+the）+最高级,A,

B

or

C?一、基础小测

从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。cheer

tire

quiet

sun

tradition1.[2022福建中考改编]

As

soon

as

the

national

hero

came

into

the

hall,

everyone

became

__________

and

stood

up

to

welcome

him.cheerful2.[2022吉林中考改编]

What

a

_________

day!

Why

not

go

for

a

picnic?sunny3.[2022江西中考改编]

I

only

got

four

hours

of

sleep

last

night,

so

I

feel

________

today.tired4.[2022泰州中考改编]

_____________

cultures

such

as

the

Chinese

knot,

Chinese

paper

cutting

and

Chinese

opera

are

deeply

loved

by

students.Traditional5.[2022温州中考改编]

Everybody,

please

keep

________.

It’s

not

allowed

to

make

any

noise

in

the

reading

room.quietlucky

proper

angry

never

especial6.[2022徐州中考改编]

Why

does

John

act

so

__________?

Look,

he’s

speaking

faster,

his

face

becomes

redder

and

you

can

almost

see

fire

in

his

eyes.angrily7.[2022温州中考改编]

There

was

a

storm

yesterday.

__________,

most

of

the

flowers

in

my

garden

are

still

alive.Luckily8.[2022常州中考改编]

The

summer

vacation

is

coming.

Don’t

swim

in

the

lake,

____________

when

you

are

alone.especially10.[原创新题]Parents

should

teach

their

children

to

behave

___________

in

public.properly9.[原创新题]It’s

________

too

late

to

start

eating

a

healthy

diet.nevergood

well

slow

hard

long11.[2022天津中考改编]

Travelling

by

train

is

_________

than

by

plane.

But

it’s

more

interesting

than

by

plane.slower12.[2022重庆中考A卷改编]

The

Yangtze

River

is

one

of

the

__________

rivers

in

the

world.longest13.The

more

you

speak,

the

________

your

English

will

be.better14.Roy

thinks

he

works

as

________

as

his

friend,

Dan.hard15.He

likes

Sunday

_______

in

a

week

because

it

is

his

happiest

time

to

play

football.bestnature

smooth

comfortable

short

polite16.[2022南通中考]

Don’t

eat

too

much

in

the

evening,

or

you

will

feel

________________

when

sleeping.uncomfortable17.[2022南通中考]

Whenever

you

meet

your

friends,

you

should

greet

them

__________.politely18.[2022镇江中考]

Millie

is

interested

in

biology,

and

she

often

records

the

_________

beauty

in

the

park.natural19.[2022镇江中考]

The

machine

was

repaired

last

Saturday.

Now

it

is

running

___________.smoothly20.[2022临沂中考]

It’s

said

that

in

the

future

there

will

be

longer

summers

and

__________

winters

than

before.shorter二、语篇提升

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。Aterrible

real

same

interest

America

livelywhy

fit

especially

different

Hello,

everybody.I’m

Olivia.I’m

glad

to

be

here

this

afternoon.

Do

you

have

a

friend

with

an

1.

____________background.

Today,

I’d

like

to

tell

you

about

a

2.________girl

—

where

she’s

from

and

3.

_______

we’re

good

friends.interestinglivelywhy

You

know,

I

didn’t

use

to

do

much

exercise.

A

few

years

ago,

I

joined

a

sports

club.

On

my

first

day

there,

I

met

Raquel.

After

gym（健身）,

we

had

coffee

together

and

soon

became

good

friends.

I

think

that’s

because

we

have

a

lot

in

common.

We

like

to

keep

4.

______

and

love

to

try

different

foods,

5.____________

spicy

（辛辣的）food.

And

we

love

the

ocean.

In

summer,

we

like

to

hang

out

at

the

beach

and

go

surfing

at

least

once

a

month.

Raquel

was

born

in

Mexico,

but

has

been

here

since

she

was

ten

years

old.

Her

mother

is

Mexican

and

her

father

is

6.____________

,

so

she

can

speak

both

Spanish

and

English.fitespeciallyAmerican

That’s

the

difference

between

us.

Although

I

attended

a

class

last

year,

my

Spanish

is

still

7.

__________!

Another

thing

that’s

8.___________is

her

background.

Raquel

has

knowledge

of

two

cultures.

I

think

that’s

9.________

cool.

We

might

not

live

in

the

10.

________

city

in

the

future,

but

I

think

we’ll

stay

friends.

Thanks

for

listening

to

me.terribledifferentreallysameB[2022湖州中考改编]healthy

proper

polite

good

specialtradition

careful

The

tradition

of

tea

drinking

began

in

China

thousands

of

years

ago.

It

soon

became

popular

because

it

was

11.__________

and

gave

people

energy.

Later,

tea

was

brought

to

some

countries

in

eastern

Asia,

such

as

Japan

and

Korea.

Nowadays,

Chinese

tea

has

become

a

world

drink.healthy

Some

of

the

world’s

tastiest

teas

grow