2024-2025学年高中英语Unit3ScienceandnatureSectionⅥLanguagepointsⅢProject教案含解析牛津译林版必修5

PAGE1-SectionⅥLanguagepoints(Ⅲ)(Project)Ⅰ.单词拼法依据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。1．Thisposes(引起)athreattoagriculture(农业)andthefoodchain，andconsequentlytohumanhealth.2．Theyown200acres(英亩)offarmland.3．Insert(插入)ourfingersbetweenthelayersandpressthemapart.4．First，theydamagethelandbykillingthehelpfulbacteriaandpests(害虫)aswellastheharmfulones.5．Whowasresponsibleforthedisappearanceoftherainforest(雨林)?6．SinceImovedtoLondonlastyear，Ihavebeenworkinginanallnightfast­foodchain．7．Thecaptainsailedhisshipthroughthenarrowchannel.8．Besides，wearejuststudents，andwehavenoincomesofourown.9．Twoofhistory'sworstnaturalcatastrophesoccurredin1970.10．Chinaisacountryrichinnaturalresources．Ⅱ.拓展词汇依据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。1．agriculturen．农业→agriculturaladj.农业的2．favourn．赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒→favourableadj.有利的，有帮助的，赞同的3．frightenvt.使惊吓，使惊恐→frightenedadj.胆怯 的→frighteningadj.令人胆怯 的4．profitn．利润，利益vi.&vt.获益；对……有用→profitableadj.有益的，有用的；有利可图的5．permitv．许可n．许可证→permissionn．准许，许可，批准eq\a\vs4\al([寻规律、巧记忆])n.＋­en→vt.n./v.＋­able→adj.threat→threaten威逼strength→strengthen加强length→lengthen延长believe→believable可信的break→breakable易碎的comfort→comfortable舒适的Ⅲ.补全短语依据提示补全下列短语。1．infavourof 赞同，支持2．pointofview 观点3．meetone'sneeds 满意某人的需求4．atafastpace 以很快的速度5．begoodfor 对……有益6．beblamedfor 因……而受责怪7．defend...against... 爱护……免受……Ⅳ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空。1．Chinaisrapidlydevelopingatafastpace．2．Earlytobedandearlytoriseisgoodforhealth.3．Mostpeoplepresentareinfavouroftheprojectandfewareagainstit.4．Hewasblamedforhisfailureinthefinalexambyhisparents.5．Theplanistotallyunpracticalfrommypointofview．eq\a\vs4\al([寻规律、巧记忆])prep.＋n.＋prep.→介词短语对比、记忆infavourof赞同，支持inhonourof纪念inneedof须要inchargeof掌管protect...against/from...爱护……免受……defend...against/from...防卫……免受……prevent...from(doing)...阻挡……(做)某事stop...from(doing)...阻挡……(做)某事1．Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.并非一切对自然最好的对人类也是好的。[记句式结构]noteverything表示部分否定。[仿写促落实]Theprotectionofourenvironmentisnoteverythingtobelefttothegovernment.爱护我们的环境的事情并不能全部都留给政府。2manydevelopednationsarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingit.……很多发达国家现在关注挽救自然而不是开发或破坏自然。[记句式结构]ratherthan连接两个并列成分或用于固定搭配中，意为“而不是，而不愿”。[仿写促落实]Theyarefocusingonprovidingtheservicesratherthandoingresearch．他们的重点在于供应服务而不是进行探讨。3makesurethatpeopleenjoyhealthyandhappylives，withouttheenvironmentaroundthemsuffering.……确保人们能享有健康、华蜜的生活，同时又不损害其周边的环境。[记句式结构]“without＋宾语＋宾补”属于介词的复合结构，表示某种附加的条件、特征或结果。[仿写促落实]Theydebatedforhourswithoutadecisionbeingmade．他们争论了几个小时，也没作出确定。4．Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.转基因食品就是最好的例子。[记句式结构](1)nowhere是否定副词，放在句首时引起部分倒装。(2)否定副词与比较级连用表示最高级的确定意义。[仿写促落实]Nowhereistheeffectofgovernmentpolicymoreapparentthaninagriculture.政府的政策对农业的影响最为显著。infavourof赞同，支持(教材P58)Wouldanyonesaythatdevelopmentshouldbestoppedinfavourofnature?莫非我们为了爱护自然就应当停止经济发展吗？insb.'sfavour 对某人有利dosb.afavour/doafavourforsb. 帮某人一个忙dosb.thefavourtodosth. 帮忙做某事askafavourofsb. 请某人帮忙①Thedecisionwentinhisfavour，whichdelightedhim.这一确定对他有利，这使他很兴奋。②Willyoudomethefavourtoclose(close)thewindow?你能帮忙把窗子关上吗？③MayIaskafavourofyou?能不能请你帮个忙？[名师点津]infavourof是由“介词in＋名词＋介词of”构成的短语，此类常用短语还有：①incontrolof限制 ②inpraiseof表扬，赞许③inplaceof代替，取代 ④inmemoryof为了纪念⑤insearchof找寻 ⑥insupportof支持⑦intermsof至于……，就……而言pointofview观点(教材P58)Fromthepointofviewofsomepeople，weareonlydoingwhathumanshavealwaysdone，usingnaturetomeetourownneeds.依据有些人的观点，我们只是在做人类始终在做的事情——利用自然满意我们自己的需求。(1)eq\O(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(fromone'spointofview,fromthepointofviewofsb.))\a\vs4\al(依照某人的观点，,依据某人的观点))inone'sview＝intheviewofsb. 依某人看来inviewof 考虑到；由于(2)view...as 认为……是,……①Frommypointofview，thetheorythatwasputforwardbythescientistisnotquitescientific.依我看，那位科学家提出的理论不是特别科学。②Inviewoftheweather，wewillcanceltheouting.因天气关系，我们要取消此次郊游。③Inmyviewandintheviewofmostpeople，it'saverysoundinvestment.照我和大多数人的看法，这是很牢靠的投资。④Butnow，manyyoungpeopleviewitasafashionitem.可如今，很多年轻人把它视为一种时尚单品。[联想助记]表示“就某人来看，某人认为”的短语还有：①asfor/tosb.②inone'sopinion③asfarassb.beconcerned④fromone'sstandpointfrightenvt.使惊吓，使惊恐(教材P59)Whilemanypeopleareexcitedaboutthesenewtechnologies，thesesametechnologiesfrightenothers.尽管很多人因这些新技术而兴奋不已，这些同样的技术也使其他人恐惊。(1)frighteno/outofdoingsth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事frightenaway/off 吓跑(2)frightn. 恐怖；惊吓(3)frighteningadj. 令人胆怯 的；吓人的；可怕的(4)frightenedadj. 受惊的；胆怯 的befrightenedof(doing)sth. 胆怯 (做)……betoofrightenedtodosth. 吓得不敢做某事①Iwillneverbefrightenedintostayingsilentonthismatter.在这种事情上，我恒久不会被吓得保持缄默。②Shewasfrightenedbytheangerinhiseyes.她被他眼中的怒火吓住了。③Iwasfrightened(frighten)ofbeingleftaloneinthehouse.我胆怯 一个人待在屋里。④Seeingthefrighteningscene，thegirlwassofrightenedthatshecriedwithfright．(fright)看到这可怕的一幕，女孩特别胆怯 ，以至于吓哭了。profitn．利润，收益vi.&vt.获益；对……有用(教材P59)Researchhasbeenlimitedtoincreasingproductionprofits，ratherthanmakingsurethatGMfoodsaresafe.目前的探讨只局限于增加生产利润，而不是确保转基因食品的平安。(1)makeaprofit(on...) (在……上)获利/赚钱make/earnaprofitof... 获得……利润gainalotofprofitfrom... 从……上受益匪浅(2)profitfrom/by... 从……中获利/受益(3)profitableadj. 有益的，有用的；有利可图的①Inrecentyearsmanyfootballclubshavebeenrunasbusinesstomakeaprofit.近年来，很多足球俱乐部都进行商业运行，以谋求利润。②Wegainedalotofprofitfromyouradvice.我们从你的建议中受益匪浅。③Weprofitfromtheworkofthespecialist.我们从专家的工作中得到好处。④(2024·江苏高考·阅读理解B)Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables，”giventhatthey'reprofitable(profit)．可以得出这样的结论：只要有利于盈利，餐馆经营者不会“过度担忧‘位置不好的’桌子”。[名师点津]profit意为“利润，收益”时，是可数名词；意为“好处，得益”时，是不行数名词。permissionn．准许，许可，批准(教材P59)SincenoonereallyknowswhetherGMfoodissafe，manycountrieshavehesitatedtogivepermissionfortheproductionofGMfoods，astheywouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.由于没有人准确地知道转基因食品是否平安，很多国家在是否允许生产转基因食品问题上迟疑不决，他们宁愿对这项新技术持谨慎的看法。(1)withoutpermission 未经允许(2)permitvt. 允许n. 许可证permitdoingsth. 允许做某事permitsb.todosth. 允许某人做某事permitofsth. 认可，容忍①(2024·北京高考·阅读理解D)TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself­drivingcarsonpublicroads.加州机动车管理局将于4月份起先发放许可证，允许公司在公共道路上测试真正无人驾驶的汽车。②Thesituationdoesnotpermitofanydelay.情势刻不待时。③Wearepermittedtohave(have)apicnicbyourparents.父母允许我们去野餐。④Theyenteredtheareawithoutpermission(permit)．他们未经许可擅入该地。(教材P58)Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.并非一切对自然最好的对人类也是好的。[要点提炼]noteverything表示部分否定。(1)英语中all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，complete，completely，always，whole，wholly，entirely，altogether等具有总括意义的代词、形容词或副词与否定词not连用时，构成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”的意思。(2)none，nobody，noone，neither，nothing，nowhere等表示全部否定。①Ican'tcatcheverythinginthebook.我不能完全驾驭手中的内容。②Notallofusarebusytoday.今日我们并非都忙。③Allisnotgoldthatglitters.(谚语)不是全部会发光的东西都是金子。④Neitherofthesistersis/arehere.两姐妹都不在这里。(教材P58)Afterdecadesofdestroyingnatureandusingupnaturalresources，manydevelopednationsarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingit.在数十年破坏自然、过度消耗自然资源之后，很多发达国家现在关注挽救自然而不是开发或破坏自然。[要点提炼]ratherthan意为“而不是，而没有”，后可接名词、代词、动名词、形容词、动词原形、介词短语等。(1)ratherthan连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词依据前面的主语确定。(2)ratherthan之后可以跟不带to的不定式，有时也可以接带to的不定式。其位于句首时，只能跟不带to的不定式。(3)eq\O(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdo...thando...,woulddo...ratherthando...,prefertodo...ratherthando...))\a\vs4\al(宁愿做……,而不愿做……))①HecametoChinaforpromotingfriendshipratherthanformakingmoney.他来中国是为了增进友情，而不是为了赚钱。②Hewouldratherbeginthestreetsthangetmoneyinsuchadishonestway.他宁愿在街上乞讨，也不愿以这种不正值手段赚钱。③Ratherthanstayhere，Iprefertoleave.我宁愿离开而不是待在这里。④Theirmotherratherthantheyis/was(be)toblamefortheincident.这件事应当由他们的母亲而不是他们负责。(教材P59)Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.转基因食品就是最好的例子。[要点提炼]本句是倒装句，其中nowhere...truerthan...为否定副词与比较级连用表示最高级的意义。(1)否定词或短语放在句首时构成部分倒装。常见的这类词语有：not，no，nowhere，never，seldom，notuntil，nosooner...than等。(2)比较级表示最高级意义的常见形式①比较级＋than＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(anyother＋单数名词,allother＋复数名词,anyoftheother＋复数名词,anyone/anythingelse,any＋单数名词（不同范围）))②比较级与否定词连用①Ilikenothingbetterthanswimming.我最喜爱游泳。②Juliaistallerthaneq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(anyotherstudent,allotherstudents,anyoneelse))inherclass.朱丽叶是她班上最高的。③Nooneinmyclassworksharder(hard)thanJack.我们班没有人比杰克更用功。④Nosooner(soon)hadwereachedthestationthanthetrainleft.我们刚到车站，火车就开走了。1．Otherpeoplearguethatsuchthinkingmaycauseacatastrophe，unlesswestarttolookaroundandunderstandhowacleanenvironmentbenefitsusall.[分析]该句为主从复合句，that引导的是宾语从句，unless引导条件状语从句，句尾how引导宾语从句，作understand的宾语。[翻译]其他人则争论说，这样的思维或许会招致灾难，除非我们起先环顾四周并理解清洁的环境能够让我们全部人受益。2．SincenoonereallyknowswhetherGMfoodissafe，manycountrieshavehesitatedtogivepermissionfortheproductionofGMfoods，astheywouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.[分析]该句为主从复合句，since与as在句中均引导缘由状语从句；since引导的从句中含有一个whether引导的宾语从句。[翻译]由于没有人准确地知道转基因食品是否平安，很多国家在是否允许生产转基因食品问题上迟疑不决，他们宁愿对这项新技术持谨慎的看法。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．－Iamtired.Perhapsweshouldhaveabreak.－Goodidea.Iaminfavourofstoppingworknow.2．Theyneededmoretroopstodefendtheborderagainstpossibleattack.3．ItmadeourheadteacherangrythatWangLin，withoutthepermission(permit)fromtheschool，wasabsentfromclassforaweek.4．Althoughwesankallourmoneyintothefirm，itstillfailedtomakeaprofit.5．Noneofthestudentsare/is(be)infavoroftheplan.6．Johnpreferstostayathomeratherthango(go)outforshopping.7．Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrightening(frighten)experience，especiallyifyouaretravellingathighspeed.8．Thebosssaidhewasunabletomeettheir(they)needsiftheyaskedforsohighwages.9．Ihaveneverspentamoreworrying(worry)day.10．Frommypointofview，humanbeingsshouldn'tdevelopanemotionalrelationshipwithrobots.Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面短文，依据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Onetime，theteachersataschoolwantedtoteachthestudentsaboutairplanes.Whileallairplanescanfly，someareabletoflyfartherthanothers.Thisisbecausenotallairplanesarebuiltthesame.Forexample，afighterplanelooksverydifferentfromaplanethatpeopleflyinwhentheywanttogoonaholiday．Theteacherswonderedhowtheycouldmakestudentsunderstandthis.Then，thescienceteacher，Mr.Moose，decidedthattheschoolshouldhaveapaperairplanecontest.Thestudentswouldproducepaperairplanedesigns．Theywouldstandinlineontheplaygroundbehindtheschool.Thestudentswouldtaketurnsthrowingtheirairplanes.Thestudentwhoseairplanewentthefarthestwouldwin.WhenMr.Mooseannouncedthepaperairplanecontesttothestudents，theywereveryexcited.AstudentnamedPaul，whowasonthewrestlingteam，bragged(吹牛)toeveryoneelsethathisairplanewouldwin.“Iamthestrongest，”Paulsaid.“SoIwillbeabletothrowmyairplanethefarthest.”However，whilePaulwassayingthis，anotherstudent，Brian，wasthinkinghowhecouldwin.Briandidnotplayanysportsandwasnotverystrong.Buthelovedairplanesandreallywantedtowinthecontest.Brianrealizedwhathehadtodo.Hewenttothestoreandboughtabigstackofpaper.Whenhegothome，hetookthepaperintohisbackyard.Hetookapieceofpaperandfoldedanairplane.Itdidn'tgoveryfar，soBriantookanothersheetandfoldedanotherairplaneandthrewit.Thisairplanewentalittlefarther.Briankeptfoldingdifferentkindsofairplanesandthrowingthem.Somewentveryfarandsomedidnot.Finally，whenBrianhadusedallthepaper，hewalkeduptotheairplanethathadflownthefarthestandpickeditup.留意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．应运用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所运用的关键词语。Paragraph1：Thenextdaywasthecontest.