河南专用2020版中考英语题型过关一选择型阅读课件人教新目标版

题型一选择型阅读河南中考选择型阅读理解设题角度多样,包括细节理解题、推理判断题、

词义猜测题、主旨大意题。题型一

细节理解题1.题型特点这类题在阅读理解中所占比例较大。它常常针对文章中的事实和细节进行提

问,即针对(w)h-问题,如用when,where,why,how,who,which,what等进行提问,目的

在于测试学生对说明文章中心思想的支撑事实和细节的理解能力。细节理解题型解读题主要分为是非判断题、填空题和多项选择题。2.细节理解题主要的设问方式①Whichofthefollowingistrue/nottrue?②Whichofthefollowingismentioned/notmentionedinthepassage?③Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.④Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes...?⑤Whichofthefollowingshows/givestherightrelationship/positionof...?⑥When/Where/Why/Who/What/How...?3.细节理解题的解题技巧所谓“事实细节”,是指在阅读理解的短文中客观存在的事实。细节理解题的

答案一般都可以在原文中找到。一般来说,应在短文中找出相关信息的位置,确

定试题测试的考点。当然,有的试题还得对原文所提供的事实进行一定的分析

比较,才能做出正确的选择。(1)搜寻直接答案的阅读技巧先阅读所给问题,判断其是否适合采用直接搜寻的阅读方法。如果所提问题是

文章中出现的内容(即直接性答案),就可直接搜寻答案。(2)搜寻间接答案的阅读技巧①阅读文章所给问题,判断哪些题目可以依靠通读来解决。比如概括文章主题,给无标题文章选标题,指出作者的观点、意图等的题目就需要依靠通读来解

决。②用较短的时间大体上浏览一下阅读材料,注意文章有可能涉及什么内容,属于

什么体裁风格以及文章安排的大体轮廓等。③从头到尾阅读一遍。一般来说,第一段或前几句包含作者的基本思想和下文

的发展线索,它是全文展开的基础,为下文发展搭建了理论框架。认真阅读第一

段或文章的前几句,尽量抓住其中的主要情节和论点,把握全文发展的脉络。④运用其他段落的开头句和结尾句。据统计,英语阐述性文章中有60%~90%的

段落的开头为主题句,表达出该段的主题思想,有时开头句主题思想不明确,结尾句则很可能提出。从段落的开头句和结尾句中常常能很快地找到段落的主

题。⑤发挥结尾段的作用。多数文章的结尾段具有特殊意义。作者一般在结尾段

对前几段做总结、下结论,表达自己的观点和立场。结尾段一般与开头段(句)

相呼应,将文章的首段(句)和结尾联系起来,往往可以有效地把握全文的中心思

想。题型二

推理判断题1.题型特点推理判断题主要考查学生对文章言外之意的理解。这种题目有一定的难度,往

往不能直接从文中找到答案,而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文

章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦

外之音、文外之意加以推理,获取作者在文章中没有直接表述出来的态度、观

点等。这种类型的题主要有三种形式:语意推理题、结论推理题和出处推理

题。语意推理题要求学生根据文章、段落或句子的表层信息推断出深层含义,

比如推断文章或段落的中心思想、句子的言外之意等;结论推理题和出处推理题要求学生根据文章中所列举的事实推断出符合逻辑的结论或文章的出处。2.推理判断题主要的设问方式①Itcanbeinferred/concluded/seenfromthepassagethat...②Whichofthefollowingconclusionscanbedrawnaccordingtothepassage?③Thewritersuggeststhat...④Thewriterusestheexampleof...toshowthat...⑤What'sthewriter'sattitudetoward...?⑥What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthepassage?⑦Fromthepassage,weknow...⑧Thewriterprobablyagreesthat...3.推理判断题的解题技巧中考的阅读理解不仅要求考生读懂短文中的每个句子,而且还要求考生能理解

句子之间的内在联系。有的试题要求根据中学生必须具有的常识,对所读的短

文进行一定程度的推断;有的试题还要求了解其内在的逻辑关系,从而对所读的

内容形成较深层的理解。一般来说,这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案,

必须根据原文提供的有关信息,进行合理的推断才能回答。完成推理判断题,通

常应注意以下两点:(1)特别留心特定细节所谓“特定细节”,就是问题所涉及的范围和对象中的细节事实。它一般包括

事实根据、名字(人物或地点)、数字(日期或统计数字)、关键词语的其他表达

方法(同义词、近义词、反义词)等。(2)注意作者的语气和态度作者的语气和态度通常体现在短文所使用的措辞和句式上。要特别注意感情

色彩比较浓重的形容词和副词,特别留心短文句子的长度和结构。从措辞上我

们可以推断出作者对所讨论话题的态度(肯定或否定,赞成或反对,褒扬或讽刺,

喜好或厌恶等);从句式的长短和结构可以判断出作者讨论问题的语气(郑重其

事还是轻松活泼,实事求是还是夸大其词,真挚热诚还是冷嘲热讽等)。题型三

词义猜测题1.题型特点这类题型旨在考查学生利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的辨别能力。利用上

下文猜测词义是阅读理解的基本技巧之一,也是我们学习词汇的主要方法。在

阅读过程中,有些同学一遇到生僻词语就查词典,这是不可取的。一遇到生僻词

语就查阅词典不但会使我们养成依赖词典的习惯,而且还会影响阅读速度。我

们阅读汉语文章时遇到不认识的词语是否都查词典呢?答案是否定的。可是我

们如何理解它们的呢?利用上下文提示猜测词义就是诀窍。词义猜测题的类型主要有三种:熟词新义要求学生在某一特定的语言环境中推断某一多义词的正确意思;生词释义要求学生根据范围较小的上下文推断出词

义;难句释义要求学生根据范围稍大的上下文推断句意。2.词义猜测题主要的设问方式①What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword/phrase...inChinese?②Theunderlinedword...refersto/probablymeans...③Theunderlinedword...couldbereplacedby...④Whatisthemeaningof...⑤Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheword...?3.词义猜测题的解题技巧(1)通过因果关系猜测词义通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。

有时文章借助关联词(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,ofcourse,therefore

等)表示因果关系。例Youshouldn'thaveblamedhimforthat,foritwasn'thisfault.解析通过第二个for连接的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的

词义是“责备”。(2)通过同义词和同义关系猜测词义在文章中,有时作者为避免重复,或为了表达同一事物的不同种类,使用同义词或近义词。在这种情况下,我们就可以利用同义词、近义词的关系由熟悉的词

语推测不熟悉词语的含义。通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组,如happyandgay,即使

我们不认识gay这个词,也可以知道它是“愉快的”的意思;二是看在进一步解

释的过程中使用的同义词。例ManhasknownsomethingabouttheplanetsVenus,Mars,andJupiterwiththe

helpofspaceships.解析此句中的Venus(金星),Mars(火星),Jupiter(木星)均为生词,但只要知道

planets就可猜出这几个词都属于“行星”这一领域。(3)通过反义词和反义关系猜测词义有时作者为了说明相反的两件事或人,使用了一些反义词或表示反义关系的词

语来进行对比,我们可以利用已知单词推测未知单词的词义。通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but,while,however等;二是

看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语。例Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrother.解析根据“notatallashandsome...”我们不难推测出homely是“不英俊的,

不漂亮的”的意思。(4)通过构词法猜测词义在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些新词汇,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词义,

而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用,此时,如果掌握了一些常用的词

根、前缀、后缀等构词法知识,这些问题便不难解决了。(5)通过定义或释义关系猜测词义定义或解释形式多样,常由is,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,call,mean,beconsidered

tobe,referto,becalled,beknownas,define,represent,signify等词汇或破折号来表

示。作者为了更好地表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词

汇等进行解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性,利用它们猜词义比较

容易。如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。例

Butsometimes,norainfallsforalong,longtime.Thenthereisadryperiod,or

drought.解析由上述例句可知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的时期,即drought,由此

可见drought的意思是“久旱,旱灾”。而adryperiod和drought是同义词。这种

同义或释义关系常由is,or,thatis,inotherwords,becalled或破折号等来表示。(6)通过举例来猜测词义恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。例

Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconutsandsomeotherkindsoffruitgrowinwarmareas.解析pineapples和coconuts是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来

判断它们大概的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples,coconuts和bananas,oranges是

同类关系,同属fruit类,因此它们是两样水果,准确地说,是菠萝和椰子。(7)通过描述猜测词义描述即作者为帮助读者更深刻更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出

的描写。例

ThepenguinisakindofseabirdlivingintheSouthPole.Itisfatandwalksina

funnyway.Althoughitcannotfly,itcanswimintheicywatertocatchthefish.解析从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类,即企鹅。后

面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。(8)根据上下文猜测词义①有些单词并不能直接猜测出其词义,但可以根据上下文的提示猜测出其词

义。例

OneofthethingsIalwaysbelieveisthatnomatterhowbadsomethingis,you

cantakesomethingpositiveoutofit.Itwasn'tuntilafewweeksafterSeptember11thatIbegantoseethatperhaps

somegooddidcomefromthistragedy.Theword“positive”inthepassageprobablymeans

.A.terribleB.badC.goodD.real解析根据上文“我一直认为不管世间的事物有多么糟,你还是能发现它积极

的一面。”因此答案为C。②在句子或段落中,若事物、现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以根据这种逻辑关

系推知生词词义。例

Ifhethinkshecaninvitemeout,heisallwet.Idon'tliketobewithhim.Theunderlinedphrase“allwet”means

.A.drunkB.sweatingC.happyD.wrong解析

根据下文“我不喜欢跟他在一起”可知,他如果认为能约我出去,那就

“错了”。因此D是正确答案。(9)根据生活常识猜测词义有时,我们利用自己的生活常识,便可知道生词的含义。例Adeaf-and-dumbguywentintoahardwarestoretoaskforsomenails.从句子意思可知他想买钉子,那么卖钉子的商店无疑是五金店。(10)利用单词的发音进行推测英语中有些单词来自汉语,与汉语的发音有些相似,另外也有一些单词译成汉语时采用音译,如:sofa(沙发),coffee(咖啡),typhoon(台风),aspirin(阿司匹林),nylon

(尼龙)等。因此,利用单词的发音也是一种猜测词义的方法。例

TheOlympicGamesbeganinthe5thcenturyBC.OnedayitwasrevealedthatMrsMorelhadcancerandwasbeyondanyhelpexcept

thatofmorphine.上面这两个句子中画线的两个词,只要我们能准确发音,就能知道它们的意思是

“奥林匹克”和“吗啡”。题型四

主旨大意题1.题型特点要求在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解答这种题

型时,不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义,比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题

(mainidea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题,都需要在细读全文的基

础上,结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断,从而挖

掘出文章中隐含的信息。2.主旨大意题主要的设问方式①What'sthemainideaofthispassage?②Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?③Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?④Thewritermeanstotellusthat

.⑤Themainideaofthepassageisthat

.⑥Thepassageismainlyabout

.⑦Fromthepassagewecanlearn/concludethat

.⑧Thelastparagraphischieflyconcernedwith

.⑨What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?⑩Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

Thebesttitleforthepassageis

.3.主旨大意题的解题技巧(1)留心关键词,抓住文章主旨;串联主要细节,推断文章中心思想。所谓关键词,

即文章中反复出现的、与主题有关的实词,如名词、动词等。冠词或介词等虚

词均不在关键词之列。需要注意的是,为了避免同一词的过多重复,文章有时会

使用这个词的同义词、近义词,或用代词指代。我们知道,并不是所有文章都包

含明确的主题句,比如大多数记叙文。记叙文的中心思想多隐藏在具体的细节

中,作者通过众多的细节事实对一个中心点进行论述。因此,我们必须善于串联

主要细节,从中归纳文章的中心思想。(2)注意段落主题句,归纳文章大意。段落的主题通常由被称为主题句(TopicSentence)的句子来表示。主题句有两

个功能:①介绍段落的主题(Topic);②阐述控制概念(ControllingIdea),控制概念

用以控制段落中句子讨论的内容。主题句通常是一段的第一句或末尾一句,偶尔在一段中间。我们在阅读非故事

性文章(如科普文章)的时候,主题句尤为明显。有的文章无明显的主题句,主题

句隐含在段意之中。①主题句位于段首主题句位于段首是由作者先立论,后摆事实讲道理的写作手法形成的。这种段落称作演绎型段落。据有关统计数字表明,在英语议论文或说明文中,有60%~9

0%的主题句是段落的第一句。a.寻找主题句有些段落,有明显的引出细节的信息词,常见的信息词有:forexample,anexample

of,themostimportantexample,first,second,next,then,last,finally,tobeginwith,also,

besidesthat等。在阅读中,应尽量利用上述信息词确定主题句的位置。从段落中的forexample

可以断定,前一句话是主题句。如果无明显的信息词,可先假设第一句话为主题

句,在第二句话前面添加一个forexample,看看第二句话是否可以支撑第一句话,如果第二句话不能支撑第一句话,便在其他地方找出主题句。b.选择答案先彻底弄懂主题句的句意,然后阅读所给选项,选择与主题句句意相吻合的答

案,如主题句的再现,主题句句意的转述或推论等,排除与主题句句意无关的答

案,如支撑细节和文章中未曾阐述的事实等。②主题句位于段末主题句位于段末是作者采用了先摆事实,后做结论的手法。这种段落称作归纳

型段落。③主题句位于段落的中间主题句偶尔也出现在段落的中间,但不一定就在正中间。有时,第一句并非主题

句,而是承上启下的过渡句。在这种情况下,第二句便成了主题句。此外,主题

句也可能是段落的倒数第二句。方法一

细节理解题——细读法分段细读,注意细节,注意语言结构,抓住主要事实、关键信息,揭示文章结

构的内在联系,帮助深化理解。一篇文章是一个有机的整体,段与段之间存在着

内在的紧密联系,而每段的内容都与主题有着很重要的联系,所以弄清文章结构

上的问题,对于把握文章主题或文章大意非常重要。方法技巧方法二

推理判断题——推理法推理判断是细节理解的延伸,在阅读的时候要根据文章具体事实细节、句子关

系去分析和推理,从而达到整体理解的目的。方法三

词义猜测题——猜测法要学会根据上下文猜测遇到的新单词,这样既提高了阅读速度又培养了一

种能力,这也是英语阅读的关键所在。培养自己的猜词能力是很有必要的,但是

若遇到了关键的词句且影响对文章的理解则提倡学生使用手中的工具书,自行

查阅并解决学习中遇到的困难。方法四

主旨大意题——概读法从每篇文章的标题到各个部分都进行概读,以归纳出要点,概括作者的意图、观

点、态度,这样就能了解全文的概貌。概读还有助于考生把握上下文之间的意

义联系,培养自己的综合概括能力。A组河南中考题组Passage1(2019河南,A)题组训练

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Visitolderfamilymembersandinterviewthemaboutthepastofyourfamily.Youcoulduseasmartphonetorecordsomeoftheconversation.Thingsto

askabout:●Whatdidyoueat?●Whowasyourfavoritefamilymember?●Whatdidyoudotomakeyourselfhappy?●Whatwasitlikewhenyouwereateenager?...#2

Notonlywillyoumakeyourparentsreallyhappy,butyouwillfindallthoselostCDs/books/socksthatarehiddenunderthebed.Youcannowhaveayardsaleforthethingsyounolongerwant,andmakeyourselfsomepocketmoneyatthesametime.Notonlywillyoumakeyourparentsreallyhappy,butyouwillfindallthoselostCDs/books/socksthatarehiddenunderthebed.Youcannowhaveayardsaleforthethingsyounolongerwant,andmakeyourselfsomepocketmoneyatthesametime.#3

Puttogetheramemorybook.Itcouldbeaboutprimaryorjuniorschoolsinceyou'reheadingtohighschool:●friendsmade●bestmemories●favoriteteachers●favoritesubjects●hopes/feelingsaboutgoingtohighschool,etc.#4

Getdownandworkonthefarmandhaveabitoffun.Youneverknowyoumightlovedrivingtractorsandfeedingcowsandhorses.Ifnothing

else,itwillgiveyouagoodtasteofwhatahardlifefarmingis.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.Whichmaynotbeagoodquestionfortheinterviewin#1?A.Whatdidyoudoforfun?B.Howdidyougotoschool?C.Whatwereyourparentslike?D.What'stheplanforyourfuture?2.Whichissuggestedin#2?A.Throwingawaywhatyou'vefound.B.Sellingsomethingthatisnotneeded.C.Askingyourparentsforpocketmoney.D.UsingCDsthatyou'vefoundaspresents.3.Whatisthepropertitlefor#1,#2,#3and#4separately?a.ClearoutYourRoomb.CreateaMemoryBookc.HelponaNearbyFarmd.DiscoverFamilyHistoryA.a-d-b-cB.d-a-b-cC.d-b-a-cD.c-a-b-d4.Whatcanworkingonafarmbringtoyou?A.Yourloveforcountrymusic.B.Theinterestinyourfuturejob.C.Theexperienceoffarmwork.D.Thefunofsharingwithfriends.5.Whoisthetextwrittenfor?A.Teens.B.Teachers.C.Parents.D.Farmers.答案1.D2.B3.B4.C5.APassage2(2019河南,B)ClaraDalywassittingonanAlaskaAirlinesflightfromBostontoLosAngeles

whensheheardaworriedvoiceovertheloudspeaker:“Doesanyoneonboard

knowAmericanSignLanguage?”Clara,15atthetime,pressedthecallbutton.Anairhostesscamebyandexplained

thesituation.“Wehaveapassengerontheplanewho'sblindanddeaf,”shesaid.

Thepassengerseemedtowantsomething,buthewastravelingaloneandtheair

hostessescouldn'tunderstandwhatheneeded.ClarahadbeenstudyingASLforthepastyeartohelpblindanddeafpeopleand

sheknewshe'dbeabletofingerspellintotheman'spalm.Sosherosefromher

seat,walkedtowardthefrontoftheplane,andkneltbytheseatofTimCook,then

64.Gentlytakinghishand,shesigned,“Howareyou?AreyouOK?”Cookasked

forsomewater.Whenitarrived,Clarareturnedtoherseat.Shecamebyagainabitlaterbecausehe

wantedtoknowthetime.Onherthirdvisit,shestoppedandstayedforawhile.“Hedidn'tneedanything.Hewaslonelyandwantedtotalk,”Clarasaid.Soforthenexthour,shetalkedaboutherfamilyandherplansforthefuture.CooktoldClarahowhehadbecomeblindovertimeandsharedstoriesofhisdaysasa

travelingsalesman.Eventhoughhecouldn'tseeher,she“lookedattentivelyat

hisfacewithsuchkindness,”apassengerreported.“Clarawasamazing,”anairhostesstoldAlaskaAirlinesinaninterview.“You

couldtellCookwasveryexcitedtohavesomeonehecouldspeakto,andshewas

suchanangel.”Cook'sreply:“BesttripI'veeverhad.”根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.Whatwastheairhostesses'problem?A.Theyhadaverydifficultpassenger.B.Theycouldn'tunderstandthepassenger.C.Theydidn'tknowthepassenger'sname.D.Theydidn'thavewhatthepassengerwanted.2.WhydidClaraDalybelieveshecouldhelp?A.BecauseshehappenedtolearnsomeASL.B.BecauseshehadhelpedpeoplelikeCook.C.BecauseshethoughtshemightknowCook.D.Becausehergrandfatherhadthesameproblem.3.IntowhichdidClaraDalyfingerspellwithTimCook?

4.WhydidTimCookkeepaskingforservice?A.Becausehewashungryandthirsty.B.Becauseheneededsomeonetotalkto.C.Becausehewasafraidoftakingplanes.D.BecausehewasinterestedinClara'sstory.5.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeClaraDaly?A.Braveandclever.B.Beautifulandlovely.C.Patientandcaring.D.Outgoingandfriendly.答案1.B2.A3.A4.B5.CPassage3(2019河南,C)Thousandsofyearsago,Britainwascoveredbythickforests,hometomanyani-

malswhichnolongerliveintheUnitedKingdom.Therewerewolvesandbears,

manydifferentkindsofdeerandlargewildcows.Therewerelessthanfourmillion

people.Theylivedinsmallvillagesprotectedbywoodenwallsfromtheanimals

outside.Allthishaschanged,ofcourse.NowthepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomhasin-

creasedtosixty-fivemillion.Three-quartersofBritainiscoveredwithfields,towns

orcities.Although25percentoflandiscountryside,newmethodsoffarmingmeanthattherearefewerbirdsandsmallanimalslivinginfieldsthaneverbefore.

TheUnitedKingdomisoneofthefewcountriesintheworldthatdoesnothavea

largewildanimalthateatsmeat.InScotlandthereareonly400wildcats,butthese

aremuchsmallerthanwolves.Somepeoplewouldliketochangethings,however!Someorganizationsandwriters

saythatBritainneedstobecomemorenaturalagain.Theysuggestthattreesand

plantsthatgrewintheUKbeforetownsandcitieswerebuiltshouldbeallowedto

growagain.TheyevensaythatlargewildanimalswhichhavenotlivedintheUK

shouldbehelpedtoreturnandlivewild.Theycallthis“rewilding”.Noteveryoneagrees.Inthelasttwentyyears,overonemilliontreeswhichatfirst

grewinScotlandhavebeenplantedandthereareplansformore—butwildani-

mals?Somepeopleaskifwolveswillattacksheeporevenhumans.Theyarealso

angrythatrewildingmightmeananendtowalkinginthehillswhichsomanypeo-

pleenjoy.SofartherearenowolvesorbearsinBritain'sforests—butsoontheremightbe!根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.WhatwasthepopulationoftheUKthousandsofyearsago?A.About25million.B.Over65million.C.Morethan61million.D.Notmorethanfourmillion.2.WhyaretherefewerbirdsandsmallanimalsinfieldsintheUK?A.Becausemoretreeshavebeenplanted.B.Becausetherearemorelargewildanimals.C.Becausepollutionismuchworsethanbefore.D.Becausepeopleusenewmethodsoffarming.3.Whichparagraphgivesopinionsfrom“rewilding”supporters?A.Paragraph1.B.Paragraph2.C.Paragraph3.D.Paragraph4.4.Whataresomepeopleagainst?A.Livingclosertonature.B.Plantingmoreandmoretrees.C.Helpinglargewildanimalsreturn.D.Buildingmorevillagesandtowns.5.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.MakingBritainwildagainB.AtriptowildBritainC.AnintroductiontoBritainD.Protectingtheenvironment答案1.D2.D3.C4.C5.ASummerEnglishatStClare's,OxfordWeofferholidaycoursesforteenagersinOxford.YoucanimproveyourEnglish,enjoygreattripsandactivitiesandmakenewfriendsofyourownage.Telephone:01865552031Website:www.stclares.ac.ukAges:Youngchildren(9—12),Teenagers(13—17)CreativeArtsSummerSchoolDesignedforyoungstudentswithagreatinterestinpainting,providingthemwithanexcitingexperiencetoexplorecreativepathwaysanddevelop

skillsforthefuture.Telephone:01202363831Website:aub.ac.uk

Ages:Teenagers(14—15)Passage4(2018河南,A)XUKActivitySummerCampBeautifulsetting!Fantasticactivities!Friendlyandexperiencedstaff!Activitiesincludeadventure,sports,drama,andmore!Telephone:02083719686Website:

Ages:Teenagers(13—17)YMT'sMusicalTheatreSummerCamps2018YMT'ssummercampsareopentoanyoneaged6—17lookingtodeveloptheiracting,singinganddancingabilities.JointheUK'sleadingmusicthe-

atrecompany!Telephone:02085637725Website:Ages:Youngchildren(6—12),Teenagers(13—17)Notes:explore探索;staff员工;drama戏剧1.Ifyouareinterestedinpainting,youmaycall

formoreinformation.A.02083719686B.01202363831C.02085637725D.018655520312.Ifyouvisit

,youmaygetsomeinformationaboutdrama.A.aub.ac.uk

B.www.stclares.ac.uk

C.

D.3.Eight-year-oldMikecangoto

inthesummer.A.XUKActivitySummerCampB.CreativeArtsSummerSchoolC.SummerEnglishatStClare's,OxfordD.YMT'sMusicalTheatreSummerCamps20184.What'sspecialaboutSummerEnglishatStClare's,Oxford?A.Itisopentoallages.

B.Itrequirescreativeideas.

C.Ithasexperiencedstaff.

D.Itofferslanguagecourses.5.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A.Asciencereport.B.Aschoolintroduction.C.Ashoppingposter.D.Awebsiteforteenagers.答案1.B2.C3.D4.D5.DPassage5(2018河南,B)InLosAngeles,awaiterservedagroupofteens.Thewaiterrememberedhisexpe-

rienceasayounghighschoolstudent.Sohemadesuretheteenshadapleasantex-perienceattherestaurant.Thewaitermadesureofit.Afterservingalltheteensanddoingagreatjob,hewasleftatip(小费),only$3.28.

ThatwashardlyenoughtobuyadrinkatStarbucks.Thewaiterwenthome.Andhefelthatredforthestudentswhodidnotknowthe

valueofhardwork.Theylookeddownonpeoplelikehim.Orsohethought.Afterseveraldays,thewaiterforgotaboutit.Hislifewentonasusual.Buttendays

later,hereceivedaletterfromtheteens.“Aboutaweekandahalfago,onOctober7,mythreefriendsandIcametoeatat

thisrestaurantasourownhomecomingcelebration.Itwasanexcitingexperienceforustobeherealone,anditwasallnewtous.Andyouwerethebestwaiterwe

couldaskfor.Youwerekind,helpful,anddidn'ttreatuslikebabies!SoIwantto

saythankyouformakingour‘grown-up'experiencesoamazingandfun.“Iwouldalsoliketosaysorryonbehalfof(代表)mygroup.Sincewewerenew

toallofthis,our13-year-oldmindsdidn'texactlyknowhowtodealwiththebill.

Thebillwasreasonable(合乎情理的),butwehadcompletelyforgotten(anddidn't

know,tobehonest)whatatipevenwas,letalonehowmuchtogive.Soweemptied

ourpockets,andallourmoneyaddedupto$3.28.“Havingnoideaofhowsmallthisreallywas,weleft.Later,werealizedourmis-takeandfeltterrible.Weknewwehadtomakeitright.“Sotogetherwiththisletter,youwillfindthecorrect18%tip+extraforsimply

beingamazing.Thankyouforyourhelpandpatienceandalsothankyouformak-

ingournightfun.Thankyou!”1.Howdidthewaiterreceivethegroupofteens?A.Hetriedtomakethempaymore.B.Heservedthemlikeotherwaiters.C.Hetreatedthemasyoungchildren.D.Hedidhisbesttomakethemhappy.2.Whydidthegroupofteensleavethatsmalltip?A.Becausetheylookeddownonthewaiter.B.Becausetheydidn'tknowwhatatipmeant.C.Becausetheyweren'tpleasedwiththeservice.D.Becausetheythoughtthetipshouldbethatmuch.3.Whatmadetheteenswritetheletter?A.Thetiptheyleftforthewaiter.B.Thebilltherestaurantreceived.C.Thewaythewaiterservedthem.D.Thefuntheyhadattherestaurant.4.WhatdorestaurantwaitersmindmostinAmerica?A.Whatkindofgueststheyreceive.B.Whatdishespeopleusuallyorder.C.Whethertheyaregivenreasonabletips.D.Howmuchcustomerspayfortheirmeals.5.Whatdidthegroupofteenstrytosayintheletter?A.Theywerequitethankfulforthewaiter'sservice.B.Theyhadrealizedtheirmistakeandmadeitright.C.Theyhadawonderfulexperienceattherestaurant.D.Theywantedmorecustomerstogototherestaurant.答案1.D2.B3.A4.C5.BPassage6(2018河南,C)Thespringseasonbringswarmweather,flowersandotherchangesforpeopleto

enjoy.Forsomerestaurantcooks,themostexcitingspringarrivalisramps.RampsareawildplantintheeasternmountainsofNorthAmerica.Theyareoneof

thefirstplantsthatgrowinthespring,usuallybetweenAprilandMay.Theyare

recognized(识别)bytheirredstem(茎),andtwolongandwidegreenleaves.Theyarealsofamousfortheirstrongtaste,similartoonions(洋葱).Rampsarenotaswell-knownasothervegetables,buttheyhavealonghistoryin

theUnitedStates.IntheAppalachianMountains,rampshavebeenanimportantfoodforalongtime.Duringspring,itiscommonforsmalltownsintheAppalachi-

anareatoholdlargerampdinnersforthecommunity.However,overthelast30years,ramps'popularityhasgrownquickly.Theyare

nowahighly-desiredvegetableformanynicerestaurantsincitieslikeNewYork

andWashingtonD.C.Onereasontheplantispopularisthatitgrowsinthewild.Itisdifficulttogrowthemonfarms.Mostrestaurantsgetthemfromforagers,whocollectrampsby

searchingforestsforsomesmallpiecesoflandwheretheygrow.Rampshavea

shortseason.Withinafewweeksoffullgrowth,theplantisdonefortheyear.This

shortlifeissomereasonfortheirpopularity.AndthatpopularitycouldleadtotheirdisappearancefromEarth.In1995,thelocal

governmentinQuebec,Canada,stoppedpeoplesellingtheplanttobusinessesin

ordertoprotecttheplantagainstbeingover-dug.Theseasonisshort,butithasnotendedyet.Ifyouareintherightplace,youstill

havetimetotryatasteoframpsyourself.1.WhyarerampssopopularinNorthAmerica?A.Becausetheygrowinspring.B.Becausetheyhaveagoodtaste.C.Becausetheyarehardtoget.D.Becausetheyhavealonghistory.2.Whichofthefollowingisthepictureofaramp?3.Whatdoestheword“they”referto(指的是)?A.foragersB.rampsC.customersD.restaurants

4.Whywerepeoplestoppedfromsellingrampstobusinesses?A.Becauserampswereingreatdanger.B.Becauseramps'smellpollutedtheair.C.Becauseitcosttoomuchtogrowramps.D.Becausethegovernmentwantedtomakemoney.5.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.AmericansgocrazyforrampsinspringB.AmericanshavediscoveredanewvegetableC.RampswereoncepopularinNorthAmericaD.Rampswillsoonbeenjoyedallovertheworld答案1.C2.D3.B4.A5.APassage7(2017河南,A)

MusicalChairsHaveyounoticedhowmusicmakesthetasteofyourfoodbetter?Thisnew

restauranthasdifferenttypesoflivemusiceverynightexceptSundays,

andexcellentfoodtogowithit.Greatfishdishes,beefandpizza.Monday

isclassicrocknight,soseeyouthere!

TheChocolateBoxTheownerofthissmallcaféusedtocookallkindsoffood,butthenshe

realizedshepreferredsweetstoanythingelse.Ifyouwantmeatorfish,

don'tcomehere.Theyonlydodesserts!Lotsofdifferentkindsofsweets.

Chocolateloverswillbeexcitedbytherangeofchocolatecakes.LastDaysoftheRajAcentrally-locatedIndianrestaurant,perfectforeatingbeforeorafterthe

cinemaorashow.Insummerenjoyyourmealinthebeautifulgarden.The

mostpopulardishesarebeefandchickencookedwithmild,mediumorhot

spices.Forbravecustomersthereisextrahot!

ATasteofTuscanyWhetheryou'dlikeagreatvalue-for-moneylunchorarelaxedevening

mealatafantasticrestaurant,thisistheplaceforyou.Thecookshaveall

beentrainedinItalyandtheymakebothtraditionalandmoderndishes.We

recommendthepastaandseafood.注:recommend推荐;spice(调味)香料1.What'sspecialaboutMusicalChairs?A.Sundayisclassicrocknighteveryweek.B.Thechairstherecanplaywonderfulmusic.C.Therestaurantonlywelcomesmusiclovers.D.Youcanenjoyyourmealwithlivemusicthere.2.WhichofthefollowingdoesTheChocolateBoxserve?A.Fish.B.Cakes.C.Seafood.D.Chicken.3.WhydopeoplegotoLastDaysoftheRaj?A.Toshowothershowbravetheywillbe.B.Toenjoythemealwhilewatchingshows.C.Totrythedishestherecookedwithspices.D.Tohavemealsinthegardenallyearround.4.WhatcanpeopledoatATasteofTuscany?A.Enjoyarelaxedbreakfast.B.TastedishescookedinItaly.C.Haveavalue-for-moneylunch.D.Learntocookpastaandseafood.5.Whatisrecommendedinthetext?A.Hotrestaurants.B.Specialfoods.C.Weekendactivities.D.Thebestplacestogo.答案1.D2.B3.C4.C5.APassage8(2017河南,B)

NotonlykidsofTigerMomsgotoHarvard.DawnLogginsofLawndale,N.C.,isonherwaytoHarvard,oneoftheeightworld-

famousuniversitiesintheeasternUS.Nobodyencouragedhertostudyorpaidforherspecialclasses.Thisgirlcreatedherownfuture.Theteenwasabandonedbyherfamilylastsummer,whenherparentsandtwosis-

tersmovedtoTennessee.Shefoundherselfhomelessandhadtospendthenighton

friends'sofas.TheschoolbusdriverlearnedaboutDawn'ssituationandinvitedDawntomovein

withherfamily.Soon,DawnhadajobatBurnsHighSchool.Sheworkedfrom6

a.m.to7:40a.m.beforethefirstschoolbellrang.Shesweptfloorsandpickedup

trashagainintheafternoons,beforediving(跳水)intoherstudiesintheevenings.Dawn'shardworkpaidoff.Shefinishedschoolwitha3.9GPAandscored2,110ontheSAT.“ThereweretimeswhenIfeltlikeitwouldbeeasiestifIgaveup,”the18-year-

oldsaid.“Butitwasneverinmetogiveup,becauseIrealizedthatIwasnever

goingtobesuccessfulunlessIgotaneducation.”EvenbeforeDawn'sfamilylefther,sheledadifficultlife.Herfamilywaspoor