2024高考英语一轮复习课时提能练16Unit1Womenofachievement新人教版必修4VIP

-1-课时提能练(十六)必修4Unit1Womenofachievement课时作业A：基础层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空AAconvincingspeech1.wasdelivered(deliver)byapsychologistatyesterday'sconference2.arguing(argue)abouthowparentingstylesaffectchildren's3.behavior(behave).Inhisopinion,childrenmustbepunishedwhentheyfail4.toobserve(observe)publicrulesandregulations.Ifachildbehaveswell,hedeservestobepraisedandrewardedthenandthere.Therearemanyexperts5.supporting(support)hisviewpoint,sayingthatkidswon'tlearnrightfromwrongifparentsdon'tintend6.topunish(punish)．BThelibrarydoorisopenedat7p．m.andthestudentscomecrowding7.in.Wheneveningfalls,manystudentsenterthelibrarytoreadbooks8.inconnectionwiththeircourses.Somechoosetorefer9.toreferencebooksordictionarieswhentheycome10.acrossproblemsintheirstudies.Someevencarry11.ontheirstudiesinthelibrarytilllateintothenight.Theyknowsuccessdoesn'thappen12.bychance.Onlybyworkinghardnowcantheypossiblyavoidbeinglookeddown13.uponandlead14.aneasylifeinthefuture.CAmancame15.flying(fly)roundthecornerandbumpedintome.HelookedsofamiliarthatImusthaveseenhimsomewhere.Suddenly16.ithitmethathewasjustthecriminalthepolicehadwanted.WhatshouldIdo?Tryingtostoporcatchhimmeant17.putting(put)mylifeatrisk.Fortunately,twopolicemenarrivedsoonandthemanwasarrested.Onlythen18.didIfeelmyheartbeatingfastandmylegstremblingslightly.Ⅱ.语境短文改错依据P6课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。IcameacrossaarticleaboutadoctorcalledLinQiaozhibychance.Oneofherbooksexplainedhowtocutthedeathratefromhavingandcareforbabiescaughtmyeye.ThenIdosomeresearchbyraisingsomequestionabouther.Furtherreadingmademetorealizeitwashardworkanddeterminedaswellashergentlenaturethatgotherintomedicalschool.Andthatmadehersucceedwasherkindnessandconsideration.Sheoftenwentlatelyatnighttodeliverababyforapoorfamily.Iwasexcitedandwantedtocarryhercareer.[答案]Icameacrosseq\f(a,an)articleaboutadoctorcalledLinQiaozhibychance.Oneofherbookseq\f(explained,explaining)howtocutthedeathratefromhavingandeq\f(care,caring)forbabiescaughtmyeye.ThenIeq\f(do,did)someresearchbyraisingsomeeq\f(question,questions)abouther.Furtherreadingmademerealizeitwashardworkandeq\f(determined,determination)aswellashergentlenaturethatgotherintomedicalschool.Andeq\f(that,what)madehersucceedwasherkindnessandconsideration.Sheoftenwenteq\f(lately,late)atnighttodeliverababyforapoorfamily.Iwasexcitedandwantedtocarryeq\s\up(∧,on)hercareer.Ⅲ.依据提示补全句子1．一旦你理解了规则，物理就不难学了。(once)Physicsiseasytolearnonceyouunderstandtherules.2．在那么重要的考试中他竟然查阅笔记，真是太愚蠢了。(referto)Itwastoofoolishofhimtorefertohisnotesduringthatimportanttest.3．你把钱花在有价值的事业上是明智的。(worthwhile)Itiswiseofyoutospendthemoneyonaworthwhilecareer．4．我突然想起来忘了锁门了。(hit)IthitmethatIhadleftthedoorunlocked.5．就我看来，只有通过努力学习你才能在学习上取得进步。①AsfarasI'mconcerned,onlybystudyinghardwillyoumakeprogressinyourstudy.(倒装句)②AsfarasI'mconcerned,itisonlybystudyinghardthatyouwillmakeprogressinyourstudy.(强调句)课时作业B：实力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·昆明市诊断测试)Who'rehappier,menorwomen?Researchshowsit'sacomplexquestionandthataskingwhethermalesorfemalesarehappierisn'treallythathelpful,becausebasically,happinessisdifferentforwomenandmen.Women'shappinesshasbeendecliningforthepast30years,accordingtorecentstatistics.Andresearchshowsthatwomenaretwiceaslikelytoexperiencedepressioncomparedwithmen.Gender(性别)differencesindepressionarewellconfirmedandstudieshavefoundthatbiological,psychologicalandsocialfactorscontributetothedifference.Earlystudiesongenderandhappinessfoundmenandwomenweresocializedtoexpressdifferentfeelings.Womenaremorelikelytoexpresshappiness,warmthandfear,whichhelpwithsocialbondingandappearmoreconsistentwiththetraditionalroleasaprimarycaregiver,whilemendisplaymoreanger,prideanddisrespect,whicharemoreconsistentwithaprotectorandproviderrole.Recentresearchsuggeststhatthesedifferencesarenotjustsocially,butalsogeneticallyrelated.Studieshavelookedintothesefindingsfurtheranddiscoveredthatfemalesusemoreareasofthebraincontainingmirrorneurons(镜像神经元)thanmaleswhentheyprocessfeelings.Mirrorneuronsallowustoexperiencetheworldfromotherpeople'sview,tounderstandtheiractionsandintentions.Thismayexplainwhywomencanexperiencedeepersadness.Womentendtoexperiencemorenegativefeelings,suchasmoreguilt,shameandtoalesserdegree,embarrassment.Psychologicallyitseemsmenandwomendifferinthewaytheyprocessandexpressfeelings.Withtheexceptionofanger,womenexperiencefeelingsmorestronglyandsharetheirfeelingsmoreopenlywithothers.Studieshavefoundinparticularthatwomenexpressmoreappreciation—whichhasbeenlinkedtogreaterhappiness.Thissupportsthetheorythatwomen'shappinessismoredependentonrelationshipsthanmen's.【语篇解读】本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面介绍了男性和女性在华蜜感上的差异。1．Whichfeelingaremenmorelikelytoshowcomparedwithwomen?A．Warmth. B．Depression.C．Happiness. D．Disrespect.D[细微环节理解题。依据第三段最终一句中的“whilemendisplaymoreanger,prideanddisrespect”可知，男性表现更多的是生气、傲慢和无礼，故选D。]2．Whatfactorscausewomentosharefeelingsmoreopenly?A．Psychologicalfactors.B．Biologicalfactors.C．Educationalfactors.D．Socialfactors.A[细微环节理解题。依据最终一段的内容可知，本段从心理方面介绍了男性和女性在处理和表达感情方面的不同：与男性相比，女性更加公开地表露自己内心的情感。]3．Onecanprobablyreadthetextfrom．A．asciencefictionB．aculturebrochureC．anurseryguideD．ahealthmagazineD[推理推断题。依据本文内容可知，本文主要从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在华蜜感上的差异。由此可推知，本文有可能摘自一本健康杂志，故选D项。]4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Menandwomendifferinbiologyandpsychology.B．Menandwomenexperiencehappinessdifferently.C．Socialroleshaveagreateffectonmenandwomen.D．Women'shappinesshasdeclinedinthepastyears.B[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在华蜜感上的差异，故B项最符合文意。]B(2024·成都市毕业班摸底测试)Asevolutiontendstoremovewaste,howcomeweevolvedsuchlarge,energy­consumingbrains?Thedominanthypothesis(假设)suggeststhattoughsocialinteractionsarethedrivingforce.Butournewstudydoneinanunusualwayshowsthathumanbrainexpansionislikelydrivenbyecology(生态)．Scientistshavetestedtheecologicalandsocialhypothesesbefore.Thecommonapproachistolookatmanyspeciesandinvestigatewhetherlargebrainsareassociatedwithspecificproblems.Forexample,doprimatesorotheranimalswithlargebrainshaveadietthatischallengingtofindbutnutritionallyrewarding?Thiswouldindicateanecologicalorigin.Ordotheyliveinlargegroupswheretheyfacelotsofsocialproblems?Whilemanystudieshavefoundsuchassociations,thereisaproblem.Itcannottellwhetherlargebrainsevolvedtosolvethedifficultproblemsorwhethertheyevolvedforotherreasonsandthenenabledtheirbearerstodealwiththehardproblems.Tofindoutthecausesofbrainexpansion,werecreatedthescenarios(可能出现的状况)ofthetwohypothesesusingamathematicalmodel.Wefoundthatacombinationofecologicalandsocialchallengesdoproducethebrainsizeweseeinhumans.Butitwasecologicalchallengesthatexpandedbrains.Incontrasttothedominantviewandourownexpectation,wefoundthatsocialchallengescontributedbydecreasingbrainsize.Butyouneedbothfactorstogetthebrainsizeweseetoday—iftherewerenosocialchallengesourbrainswouldhavebeenevenlargerbutlikelypoorlysuitedtosociallife.Biggerisn'tnecessarilybetter.Butmanyanimalsfacehardecologicalproblems.Whydon'ttheyallhavelargebrains?Wefoundthatecologicalproblemsonlyleadtohuman­sizedbrainswhenindividualscankeeplearninghardskillsastheygrow.Soourresultsandthoseofothers'suggestthathardecologyandtheaccumulationofculturalknowledgecouldacttogethertoproduceahuman­sizedbrain.Willthehumanbrainexpandfurther?Thecomplexityofthesystemsinvolvedmakesitimpossibletosaymuchwithcertaintyatpresent.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学探讨发觉，人类大脑的大小是由生态环境和文化学问的积累的共同作用确定的；大脑并非越大越好，假如大脑过大，则人类将无法适应社会交往活动。5．Inmostpeople'sview,whatmakeshumanevolvelargebrains?A．Socialchallenges.B．Socialandecologicalchallenges.C．Ecologicalchallenges.D．Competitionwithotherlargeanimals.A[细微环节理解题。依据第一段其次句“Thedominanthypothesis(假设)suggeststhattoughsocialinteractionsarethedrivingforce”并结合第一段内容可知，大部分人认为麻烦的社会交往活动是人类大脑进化的动力，故A项正确。]6．What'stheproblemofthecommonapproach?A．Itsmodelisnotreliableenough.B．Itdoesn'ttellthecauseandeffectclearly.C．Itshypothesiscannotbeprovedeffectively.D．Itdoesn'tfindbrainsizeisconnectedwithproblems.B[细微环节理解题。依据第三段其次句“Itcannottellwhetherlargebrainsevolvedtosolvethedifficultproblemsorwhethertheyevolvedforotherreasonsandthenenabledtheirbearerstodealwiththehardproblems”可知，传统的探讨方法无法说明清晰大脑进化的缘由和影响，故B项正确。]7．Whydon'tmanyanimalshavelargebrains?A．Theydon'tlearnfromeachother.B．Theydon'tfacehardecologicalproblems.C．Theydon'tneedtocooperatewitheachother.D．Theydon'tkeeplearningtoughskillsastheygrow.D[推理推断题。依据第五段其次、三句“Whydon'ttheyallhavelargebrains?Wefoundthatecologicalproblemsonlyleadtohuman­sizedbrainswhenindividualscankeeplearninghardskillsastheygrow”可知，只有当个体在成长过程中不断学习艰难的技能时，生态环境才会导致人类特定大小的大脑。据此可以推断，动物在成长过程中并没有持续学习艰难的技能，所以动物没有大的大脑，故D项正确。]8．Whichofthefollowingdotheresearchersfindmostsurprising?A．Animalsdon'thavelargebrains.B．Socialchallengesdecreasebrainsize.C．Ecologicalchallengesincreasebrainsize.D．It'sunclearwhetherhumanbrainswillexpandfurther.B[细微环节理解题。依据第四段第四句“Incontrasttothedominantviewandourownexpectation,wefoundthatsocialchallengescontributedbydecreasingbrainsize”可知，与主流观点及我们自己的预期相反，我们发觉社会挑战导致大脑变小。据此可知，社会挑战导致大脑变小是令人惊异的发觉，故B项正确。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·石家庄市重点中学摸底考试)OnmywaybackhomeIwasstoppedattrafficlightsbysomepeoplewhoaskedforhelp.Awoman—inherattempttogive1toanambulance—haddrivenhercaroverstonyobstaclesthatseparatedthebikelinefromthestreet,and,asaresult,hadgottenhercar2.Shecouldn'tmovethecarinany3withoutdamagingit.Acoupleofpeopletriedto4thecarbackbuttheobstaclesweretoohigh.Seeingthattheycouldn'tdomuchaboutit,theyleft.Thewomaninthecartriedto5someservice,andwastoldthatitwouldtakeabout45minutesforsomeonetogetthere.Whilewatchingtheotherpeople6，IrealizedthewomanwouldbeonherownandIimaginedhow7thatwouldbeifIwereinhershoes.Aftersometalking,she8metositinsidehercar.Iwasn'tinahurry,soI9myfamilythatIwouldbelaterandthentriedto10thewomanwhoseemedtofeelstressedaboutcausingothers11.Butactuallyitwasn'ttoomuchtrouble12theycouldstillpass,andalsotherewasn'tanythingshecoulddoaboutit13.Welaughedand14thatallweneededwassometeaforourpicnic.Finally15cameandhelpedherbackonthestreet.She16meandaskedformyphonenumbersoshecouldreturnthe17，butItoldheritwasokay.Sheseemedtofeelmuch18whenwesaidourgoodbyes.Ibelievethatnothavingtofaceadifficultsituation19canmakealotof20．【语篇解读】该文是一篇记叙文，主要讲解并描述了作者劝慰并帮助一位在公路上因为给救援车让行而陷入逆境的女士的故事。1．A.signal B．wayC．time D．helpB[一位女士试图给一辆救援车让行。givewayto...“让行”，为固定搭配。故选B。]2．A.stuck B．brokenC．dirty D．abandonedA[依据下文“Shecouldn'tmovethecar”可推知，因为给救援车让行，这位女士的车卡(stuck)在那里不能动弹。]3．A.sense B．minuteC．direction D．lineC[在不损坏车的状况下，无论往哪个方向(direction)都无法移动。]4．A.lift B．holdC．pull D．driveA[依据上文“Shecouldn'tmovethecar”以及下文“buttheobstaclesweretoohigh”可推知，车子卡在那里，障碍物太高，不能被抬(lift)回来。]5．A.offer B．seekC．refuse D．takeB[那位女士在车里试图寻求(seek)一些服务。]6．A.shout B．discussC．stand D．leaveD[依据上文中的“Seeingthattheycouldn'tdomuchaboutit,theyleft”可知，当时其他人因为帮不了什么忙，都走开(leave)了。]7．A.amazing B．pleasantC．uneasy D．incredibleC[依据上文可知，那位女士的车被卡在障碍物上，其他人又帮不上忙，作者将心比心，觉得此情此景，那位女士肯定不舒适(uneasy)，与下文“thewomanwhoseemedtofeelstressedaboutcausingothers”呼应。]8．A.forced B．invitedC．ordered D．allowedB[依据语境可推知，那位女士邀请(i