2024年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破专题12名词性从句热点难点突破

PAGEPAGE1专题12名词性从句一、选择题1．Isuspect________Emilywaslyingwhenshedescribedtheincident，forIknowherwell.A．whether B．thatC．what D．how答案B2．Lackinginthespiritofinnovation，thesmallislandcountryremains________itwas5yearsago.A．what B．whenC．why D．which答案A解析句意为：由于缺乏创新精神，这个小岛国家仍旧和五年前一样。remains后为what引导的表语从句，what在从句中作表语，故选A项。3．In1776，twoSpanishmenwereseekingawaytotravelfromSantaFe，in________isnowNewMexico，toCaliforniaonthewestcoastofNorthAmerica.(2024·苏州学情调研，25)A．where B．thatC．which D．what答案D解析句意为：在1776年，两名西班牙男子正在找寻一条从圣达菲——就在现在的新墨西哥州——到在北美西海岸的加利福尼亚州的路。介词in后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，应用what引导，故选D项。4．________JackgetshomeafterschooliscalculatedsothatMumcanensurehimwarmmeals.A．That B．WhenC．Whether D．How答案B解析句意为：杰克放学后何时到家是被计算好的，这样的话妈妈可以保证他能吃到热饭。依据句意可知，为了保证他能吃上热饭，因此被计算的是杰克到家的时间，应用when引导主语从句，故选B项。5．Aproblemhasoccurred________weshoulddevelopinnovativethinkingabilitiesintheclassroomsbygivingstudentsopportunitiestogeneratenewideas.A．what B．whereC．whether D．that答案C6．Ourhealthis______wemakeofit—giveitattentionanditimproves；giveitnoneanditweakens.A．what B．whetherC．how D．who答案A解析此处为what引导的表语从句。句意为：我们的健康取决于我们如何对待它——多关注它，它便会改善，不关切它，它就会变得虚弱。故选A。9．Followingthedeclineinhousepricesinmanysmallandmedium­sizedcities,therearenowsigns________housepricesinmajorcitiesmayalsobesetforaslide.答案：that句意为：随着中小型城市房价的下跌，现在有迹象表明在大城市房价也可能有下滑的趋势。signs后是同位语从句，从句结构和意义完整，用从属连词that引导。10．TensofthousandsofpeoplemarchedtotheMartinLutherKingJr.Memorial,celebratingthe50thanniversaryofKing'sfamousspeech,throughwhichweknow________hesaidmeanttotheblack.11．NewplansforthecollegeentranceexaminationinZhejiangare________studentshavetobetestedonChinese,math,Englishandanotherthreesubjectsastheyprefer.答案：that句意为：浙江的高考新安排是考生必需参与语文、数学、英语和他们喜爱的其他三科的考试。设空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分和意义，故用that引导。12．Thereisastrongpossibility________manwillmainlydependonsolarenergyinthefuture.答案：that句意为：人类在将来主要依靠太阳能是特别有可能的。设空后的从句句子结构完整，不缺少成分，且是对possibility的进一步说明、说明，故设空处引导同位语从句，故填that。13．AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeis________happenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.答案：what句意为：正如约翰·列侬曾经所说，生活就是在你忙于制订其他安排的时候发生在你身上的事情。设空处引导表语从句并在从句中充当主语，故填what。14．________thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.答案：When句意为：延误的航班将何时起飞主要取决于天气。分析句子结构可知，dependsmuchon是句子的谓语，________thedelayedflightwilltakeoff是句子的主语，设空处引导主语从句。依据句意，设空处在主语从句中作时间状语，故填when。15．Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoing________you'reafraidtodo.答案：what/whatever/anything句意为：振作起来，志气就是去做(任何)你胆怯 做的事。分析题干可知，doing后为宾语从句，设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语且表物。也可填anything。16．Thebrideandgroomgave________attendedtheirweddingsomegiftstosharetheirhappiness.答案：whoever句意为：新娘和新郎给每个参与他们婚礼的人都送了礼物，来共享他们的华蜜。设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，意思是“凡是……的人”，相当于anyonewho，故用whoever。17．Icouldn'timagine________difficultitwasforthesebadlyinjuredvictimstomakeittothehospital.答案：how句意为：我无法想象这些严峻受伤的受害者能胜利到达医院该有多么困难。设空处引导宾语从句，空后是形容词difficult，应当用how修饰，howdifficultitwas意为“这是多么困难”。18．Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid,“That's______Iwasborn.”答案：where句意为：“那就是我诞生的地方，”奶奶指着那家医院对我说。前面提到了医院，所以设空处应当是表地点，故用where引导该表语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。19．Somepeoplebelieve______hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.答案：whatever句意为：一些人认为，无论是曾经发生过的事情还是现在正在发生的事情，都会在将来重演。从句中缺少主语，且表示“无论……的事情”，故填whatever。20．—IsittruethatMikerefusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?—Yeah,butIhavenoidea______hedidit;that'soneofhisfavoriteuniversities.三、单句改错1．Ididn'tknowwhatonetobuybecausethesebookswereallusefultome.答案：what改为which此处表示“不知道该买哪一个”意义，故“疑问词＋不定式”结构中的疑问词应用which。2．Youwanttoknowthateverthingisgoinginourschool.答案：that改为how宾语从句的引导词在从句中作状语，表示go的程度，表示“我们学校的状况如何”，故用how。3．Theproblemiswhatthe“Play”doesn'tworkatall.答案：what改为that表语从句的引导词在从句中不作成分，而且不表示意义，故用that。what在名词性从句中须要作主语、宾语等。4．ThereisnodoubtwhetherIwillachievegreatprogressinEnglishlearningwithyourassistance.答案：whether改为that否定句或疑问句中doubt后的从句用that引导，确定句doubt后的从句用whether/if引导。Thereisnodoubtthat...“毫无疑问……”。5．Atthattime,Ijustwonderedthatmymotherwassodelighted.答案：that改为why依据wonder推断，引导词表示“为什么”意义，故用why。句子表示“我不明白为什么妈妈那么兴奋”。6．Whichisworse,theyspatandeventhrewrubbishintothelake.答案：Which改为WhatWhatisworse是固定用法，意为“更糟糕的是”。7．IwentupandaskedwhatIcouldhelpthem.答案：what改为if/whether宾语从句的引导词不须要在从句中作成分，再依据ask推断句子的引导词表示疑问意义，故应为if/whether。8．Asisknowntoallthatmillionsofgraduatescrowdedintothejobmarketeachyear.9．Thatyoushouldlearnishowtowritedownthemostimportantwords,notthewholesentence.答案：That改为What主语从句的引导词须要在从句中作learn的宾语，故用what。10．Next,wecanknow________isgoingonatanytime.答案：whatknow后是一个宾语从句，从句缺少主语，故填what。四、语法填空AlfredAlder,afamouspsychiatrist,had__1__interestingexperience.Whenhewasasmallboyhegotofftoapoorstartinarithmetic(算术).Histeachergottheideathathehadnoabilityinarithmetic,andtoldhisparents__2__shethoughtinorderthattheywouldnotexpecttoomuchofhim.Inthisway,theytoodevelopedtheidea,“Isn'tittoobad__3__Alfredcan'tdoarithmetic？”Heacceptedtheirmistakenestimateofhisability,feelingthatitwasuselesstotry.Onedayhebecameveryangryattheteacherandtheotherstudentsbecausetheylaughedwhenhesaidhesawhowtodoaproblem__4__noneoftheotherstudentshadbeenabletosolve.Aldersucceededinsolvingtheproblem.Thisgavehimconfidence.Herejectedtheidea__5__hecouldnotdoarithmeticandwasdeterminedtoshowthemthathecould.His__6__(angry)andhisnewfoundfaithstimulatedhimtogoatarithmeticproblemswithanewspirit.Henowworked__7__interest,determination,andpurpose,andhesoonbecame__8__(extraordinary)goodatarithmetic.Henotonlyprovedthathecandoarithmetic,buthelearnedearlyinlifefromhisownexperience,ifaperson__9__(go)atajobwithdeterminationandpurpose,hisabilitymaymakehimselfaswellasothers__10__(astonish)．1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______6．______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1．anexperience在此表示“经验”，是可数名词；此处泛指“一次好玩的经验”，用不定冠词。2．what该词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作thought的宾语，指事物，故填what。3．thatit是形式主语，要填的词引导从句作真正主语，而主语从句不缺少成分，表达陈述意义，所以用that。4．which/that所填的词引导定语从句，修饰先行词problem，并在从句中作宾语，故填which或that。5．that该词引导idea的同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，意义也完整，故填that。6．anger前面有his作定语，与hisnewfoundfaith一起作主语，故填名词anger。7．with此处表示“带有，有”意义，所以应当填介词with。8．extraordinarily修饰形容词good，意为“极其，极端地”，用副词。9．goesif引导的从句讲的是事实，所以用一般现在时，主语是aperson，故填goes。10．astonished在动词make后作宾语补足语，表示宾语的状态和感受，故填形容词astonished“惊异的”。四、短文改错WhenitcomestotheTV,therewillbedifferentwordindifferentpersons'minds.SomepeoplethinkthatwatchTVisagoodwaytorelax.Firstly,wecanbroadenourhorizonsorknowmoreabouttheworldbywatchinglatestnewsandreports.Secondly,watchingTVisagoodwaytokilltheirsparetime.Finally,wecanpredictthatmayhappeninthefutureandbeprepared.Therefore,everycoinhasitstwosides.TherearealsodisadvantagesofwatchingTV.Notonlydoitdoharmtooureyesight,butitalsohasabadaffectonourstudiesandeverydaylife.Definitely,TVplaysabigroleinourlife.Weshouldtreattoitinarightway.答案：WhenitcomestotheTV,therewillbedifferenteq\o(word,\s\do15(words))indifferentpersons'minds.Somepeoplethinkthateq\o(watch,\s\do15(watching))TVisagoodwaytorelax.Firstly,wecanbroadenourhorizonseq\o(or,\s\do15(and))knowmoreabouttheworldbywatchingeq\o(∧,\s\do15(the))latestnewsandreports.Sec