浙江专版2025版高考英语一轮复习Unit2Cloning高考拆组训练新人教版选修8

PAGEPAGE7Unit2Cloning阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AAtyournextmeeting,waitforapauseinconversationandtrytomeasurehowlongitlasts.AmongEnglishspeakers,chancesarethatitwillbeasecondortwoatmost.Butwhilethispatternmaybeuniversal,ourawarenessofsilencediffersdramaticallyacrosscultures.Whatonecultureconsidersaconfusingorawkwardpausemaybeseenbyothersasavaluablemomentofreflectionandasignofrespectforwhatthelastspeakerhassaid.ResearchinDutch(荷兰语)andalsoinEnglishfoundthatwhenasilenceinconversationstretchestofourseconds,peoplestarttofeeluneasy.Incontrast,aseparatestudyofbusinessmeetingsfoundthatJapanesepeoplearehappywithsilencesof8.2seconds—nearlytwiceaslongasinAmericans'meetings.InJapan,itisrecognisedthatthebestcommunicationiswhenyoudon'tspeakatall.It'salreadyafailuretounderstandeachotherbyspeakingbecauseyou'rerepairingthatfailurebyusingwords.IntheUS,itmayoriginatefromthehistoryofcolonial(殖民地的)Americaasacrossroadsofmanydifferentraces.Whenyouhaveacomplexofdifference,it'shardtoestablishcommonunderstandingunlessyoutalkandthere'sunderstandablyakindofanxietyunlesspeopleareverballyengagedtoestablishacommonlife.ThisappliesalsotosomeextenttoLondon.Incontrast,whenthere'smorehomogeneity,_perhapsit'seasierforsomekindsofsilencetoappear.Forexample,amongyourclosestfriendsandfamilyit'seasiertositinsilencethanwithpeopleyou'relesswellacquaintedwith.语篇解读：本文主要讲解并描述了谈话中的缄默文化。尽管交谈中出现停顿是普遍存在的，但我们对缄默的相识在不同的文化中有着巨大的差异。不同的文化中缄默时间不同，对于缄默的看法也不同。1．Whichofthefollowingpeoplemighthavethelongestsilenceinconversation?A．TheDutch.B．Americans.C．TheEnglish. D．TheJapanese.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据其次、三段内容可知，日本人在谈话中缄默时间最长。故选D。2．WhatmighttheJapaneseagreewithinconversation?A．Speakingmoregivestheupperhand.B．Speakoutwhatyouhaveinyourmind.C．Greatmindsthinkalikewithoutwords.D．Theshortertalkingsilence,thebetter.解析：选C推理推断题。依据第四段首句可知，在日本，一般认为最好的沟通是一句话不说的时候。因此推断日本人认为“宏大的心灵，无言而喻”。故选C。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Afour­secondsilenceinconversationisuniversal.B．It'shardforAmericanstoreachacommonagreement.C．EnglishspeakersaremoretalkativethanJapanesespeakers.D．Thecloserweandourfamilyare,theeasierthesilenceappears.解析：选D推理推断题。依据文章最终一句可知，密切的人之间更简单出现缄默，因此我们和家人越密切，缄默越简单出现。故选D。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“homogeneity”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Similarity. B．Contradiction.C．Diversity. D．Misunderstanding.解析：选A词义揣测题。依据下文的举例可知，越密切的人，越简单出现缄默，因此推断画线句表示相比而言，当有更多相像时，或许缄默更简单出现。故画线词意思与similarity意义相近。故选A。BPlantcloninghasbeenanagriculturaltechniqueusedbyfarmersandgardenersforcenturies.Grafting(嫁接)isacommonformofplantcloning.Manyplantsinnatureactuallyclonethemselvesandreproduceasexually(无性生殖地)．Clonedplantsaremuchmorepredictablethannormalplants,sotheiryield(产量)ismorereliable.Clonedplantsalsoreproducefaster,limitingtheamountoftimebetweenplantingandharvesting.Itisalsooftencheapertoproduceseedsthroughcloningthanthroughtraditionalmethods.Plantscanessentiallybeoptimizedsothatfarmersorindividualgrowersalwayshavethebestseedsavailable.Withhigheryieldatafasterrate,farmscanproducemorefoodformorepeoplewhiledecreasingoverallcosts.Cloningcanbeusedtowipeoutdiseasesthatpreviouslykilledoffentirefieldsofcrops.Thiswouldmakeplantsimmunetothekindsofdiseasesthatfarmersandgardenersaroundtheworldfeareachyear.Cropfailuresduetodiseaseandviruscouldbecomeathingofthepast.Also,plantsthatarenearextinctioncanbebroughtbacktolifethroughcloning.Throughcloningscientistscandevelopsuperfruitsandvegetablesofsuperior(更好的)nutritionalquality.Thiscouldmakeforahealthierpopulationoverall.Thishasalreadybeendonethroughselectivepollination(授粉),andgeneticcloningcouldtakeittothenextlevel.Byplantcloningwehaveapopulationofidenticalplantsandalltheseplantsequallysufferfromthesamediseases,butinnaturetheweakwoulddieandthestrongwouldsurvive.Whiletherearesomedangerstoconsiderwithplantcloning,thereareplentyofbenefitsthatcouldprovevitaltothepropagation(繁衍)ofthehumanspecies.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了植物克隆的好处。)5．Theunderlinedword“optimized”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“________”．A．grown B．producedC．perfected D．examined解析：选C词义揣测题。依据“sothatfarmersorindividualgrowersalwayshavethebestseedsavailable”可知，optimize与perfect的意思相近。6．Accordingtothetext,clonedplants________.A．haveloweryieldthannormalplantsB．needlesscarefrompeopleC．preventvariouskindsofdiseasesD．haveashortergrowthcycle解析：选D细微环节理解题。从其次段中的“Clonedplantsalsoreproducefaster,limitingtheamountoftimebetweenplantingandharvesting.”可知，克隆的植物的生长周期短。7．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Towarnthenegativeeffectsofplantcloning.B．Toshowdifferentkindsofplantcloning.C．Topredictthefutureofplantcloning.D．Tointroducetheadvantagesofplantcloning.解析：选D写作目的题。文章的其次、三、四段都是在介绍植物克隆的好处，所以本文的目的是介绍植物克隆的好处。CWeareallfascinatedbymysteries.Tosomeextentwelovetoexpectstrangephenomenonoccurringbeforeus.Herearesomeamazingunsolvedmysteries.TheGeorgiaGuidestonesOnoneofthehighesthilltopsinElbertCounty,Georgiastandsagiantgranitemonument(花岗岩纪念碑).Carvedineightdifferentlanguagesonthefourgiantstonesare10Guides.Theoriginofthisstrangemonumentiscoveredinmysterybecausenooneknowsthetrueidentityoftheman,ormen,whoconstructedit.AllweknowisthatinJune1979,amanidentifyinghimselfasR．C.Christianannouncedthathewouldbuildsomethingtoconveyamessagetomankind,buttodate,nooneknowswhoR．C.Christianreallywas.BermudaTriangleTheBermudaTriangleisatriangularareaoftheAtlanticOcean.Manyplanes,ships,andboatsaresaidtohavedisappearedinthistrianglewithoutatrace,whichledtothebeliefthat“supernatural”forcesexistinthisareaofthesea.Couldtheretrulybeanunnaturalforceatworkinthisgeographicaltriangleorarethesedisappearancesmerelycoincidence?Eitherway,numerouspeopleremainunwillingtostepovertheboundarylineintotheDevil'sTriangle.LochNessMonsterTheLochNessMonsterisalegendaryanimalthatsupposedlylivesinthedepthsofLochNess,alongnarrowlakelocatedinruralScotland.Storiesconcerningthemonsterdatebacktothe6thcenturyAD.Overtheyearsthousandshavereportedseeingalongneckappearingfromthewaterwithasmallheadofanunknowncreature.Pictureshaveevenbeentakenofthis“creature”，butmostscientistsrefusetobelieveanycreatureofthiskindlivesintheLochNess.Sofar,theevidenceisinadequate,andthecontroversycontinues.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上三大未解之谜，包括佐治亚州的巨石阵、百慕大三角和尼斯湖水怪。8．WhyistheGeorgiaGuidestonesmysterious?A．ItisononeofthehighesthilltopsinElbertB．Thereareeightdifferentlanguagesonthestones.C．Thepersonwhobuiltitremainsunknown.D．R.C.Christiancouldconveyamessagetomankind.解析：选C细微环节理解题。依据TheGeorgiaGuidestones部分其次段内容可知，巨石阵很神奇是因为没有人知道是谁建立了它。故选C。9．WhyarepeopleunwillingtoentertheBermudaTriangle?A．Itistooremotefromland.B．Thechanceofsurvivingisslimthere.C．Therearesupernaturalforcesinthearea.D．Alltransportationshavedisappearedthere.解析：选B推理推断题。依据BermudaTriangle部分第一段其次句可知，在百慕大三角常常有飞机、轮船和小船失踪；由此可推知，在百慕大三角人们幸存的可能性很小，所以很多人不情愿进入百慕大三角地带。故选B。10．WhatcanweknowaboutLochNessMonster?A．Itexistedinthe6thcenturyAD.B．Itissaidtohavealongneckandalargehead.C．IthasbeenlivinginLochD．Peoplehaven'treachedanagreementonitsexistence.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据最终一段第一句可知，关于水怪的故事始于公元6世纪，并不是说水怪出现在公元6世纪，故解除A项；依据最终一段其次句中的“withasmallhead”可知，B项错误；依据最终一段倒数其次句可知，大多数科学家都不信任有这种水怪生活在尼斯湖中，故解除C项；依据最终一段最终一句可知，D项“人们对它的存在没有达成一样看法”符合原文。故选D。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Toooftenaninappropriateviewgetsaroundusthatitisourphysicalconditionsthatmakeushappyorunhappy.Asaconsequence,physicalconditionshavebeenoverstated.__1__，thatis,goodstandardofliving,highgoalsthatwewanttoobtain,surroundingourselveswithanicehouse,nicecar,niceclothes,etc.__2__.Butmanytimesonceweobtainourgoalsandaresurroundedbywhatwethoughtwouldmakeushappy,wearestillunhappy.Alsoontheotherendofthestick,many,manypeopleareunhappynow,becausetheyhavenotobtainedtheirgoalsand__3__，which,consequently,addstotheirdissatisfactionwithlife.Sothisiswhysomanypeoplekeepthemselvesformostoftheirlivesinastateof“incompleteness”andunhappiness,andthisiswhysomanysupersuccessfulpeoplestillaren'thappy.Thereasonisthat__4__.TheythinkthattheUniverseshouldgivethemwhattheywantfirstandthenthey'llbehappy.ButthatjustputsabarrierinbetweenthemandhappinessbecauseofthewaytheUniverseissetup.Themessagehereistounderstandthatyourdesirestellyouwhereyouwanttoputyourfocusinyourlife,however,__5__.Youmakeyourselfhappyfromtheinsideout,nottheoutsidein.Donotrequirecertainconditionsbemetforyourhappiness,becauseitwon'tworkan