2024通信感知一体化性能分析

Relationshipbetweencommunicationandsensing当前通信、感知性能指标分立，需构建通信感知Communicationandsensingperformancemetricsareseparate,unifiedperformanceanalysismodelsneedtobeconstructedRateforcommunication‘Bound’or‘Degree’forsensing(unitMutualShannonDegreesof

通信感知性能表征指标Communication&sensing表征指标Communication

AwaitingUnified

SensingRelationshipbetweencommunicationandsensingBasedontheunifiedmetric,weanalyzetheapplicabilityoftime/frequency/spacedivisionbasedcommunication&sensingforvariousscenariosScenariosfortime/frequency/spacebasedcommunication&

Unifiedmetric:（bit/s/Hz）Resourceallocationaccordingto无线Wireless无线WirelessTime多径

SpaceArraySpace

Affectedbytemporalselectivity Affectedbytemporalselectivity WirelessWireless无人机通 UAV频分适合频分适合感知资源占比：FractionofsensingTimedivision:α;Frequencydivision:β;Spacedivision:

InternetofAffectedbyfrequencyInternetofAffectedbyfrequencyselectivity AffectedbyspatialAffectedbyspatialresolution LiuZ,YangC,PengM.IntegratedSensingandCommunicationsinTerahertzSystems:ATheoreticalPerspective[J].IEEENetwork, TheoreticalbackgroundofwirelesssensingusingcommunicationCommunicationandsensinghavedifferentdesign

Pilotforsensing:Affectbothcom.andsensingReceivedsignalsofGoalofEstimating

EchosignalsofGoalofGiven估计𝐻c中的参数

CommunicationEnsuringCommunication

感知性能通信性能SensingSensingperformance感知性能通信性能SensingRecoveringMutual

PreambleGaussian

IsthelimitofsensingperformanceBinary

Optimal

SensingtargetCommunicationsystem

Sensing紧耦TightlyCommunication随机性信号通信最优随机性信号通信最优Communicationsrequirestochasticsignal.Sensingrequiresdeterministic确定性信号感知最优Thekeyfactorsaffectingsensing Communicationforsensing:Theoryofwirelesssensingbasedonchannelstate挑战CSITargetparametersarehiddenindynamicpaths,communicationandsensingaretightlycoupledthroughSensingSensingDynamic

通信关注CSI估计性

CommunicationscareaboutTightlycoupledCSIestimation andsensing

SensingcaresabouttargetparameterscarriedinCSIs

static

Static

DynamicReflectionsfromReflectionsfromstaticobjectssuchasthe

Large-scale

𝐻(𝑓,𝑡) 𝐻𝑠(𝑓, 𝐻𝑑(𝑓,思路：Idea:ExtractdynamiccomponentsusingFresnelzoneObjectmotionmappedtosignalDynamicVectorCSIsignalVectorDynamic

DecouplecommunicationandsensingperformancefromMaximumfluctuationofthedynamiccomponentfromthemotionoftheobjectStatic

Static

思路：Idea:Capturethekeyfactorsthataffectsensing传统雷达感知

Conventionalradar

Ideal

Motion

MappingobjectmotiontoCSI 有目标无目标No有目标无目标NoWorst仅考虑了但未考虑

Largeamplitude

Smallamplitude 运动位 运动幅Motion运动位 运动幅Motion MotionSignalfrequencyTransceiver

理想情况最差情况理想情况最差情况WorstIdealWorstIdealOnlyconsiderthesystemparameterstargetcharacteristicsare理想情况最差情况理想情况最差情况WorstIdealWorstIdeal

Worst-casesensingMotionamplitude Worst-casesensing Detection

目标特性&Targetcharacteristics&systemDetection 意义：RevealingtheperformanceboundofsensingcoveragerangeusingcommunicationSensing

Motion

SensingperformanceboundwithcommunicationperformanceSensingExperimentalPeanutshellExperimentalPeanutshellTheoretical

感知覆盖面积感知覆盖面积Sensingcoverage

Worst-caseWorst-caseIdealTransceiverdistance结论：在保证通信性能约束下存在结论：在保证通信性能约束下存在Conclusion:ThereexistsanachievablesensingperformanceboundsubjecttocommunicationperformanceCommunicationforsensing:Sensingperformanceanalysisbasedoncooperativecommunication现状：已析出通信多发模式与感知多收模式的理论性能增益发TransmitStatus:Theoreticalperformancegainsofcooperativecommunicationsandcooperativesensinghavebeenrespectively发TransmitTheoreticalgainTheoreticalgainofcooperativecommunicationusingmulti-transmitter[1]NNTheoreticalgainofcooperativesensingusingmulti-receiverTheoreticalgainofcooperativesensingusingmulti-receiver[2]

MM挑战：II传播时延PropagationdelaySynchronization发Challenge:ISACbasestationsgenerallycooperateusingII传播时延PropagationdelaySynchronization发通信I通信II-foldCommunicationSINRPositionuncertaintycausedsynchronization为I维多发增益Sensingmulti-receivergainconvertedI-foldmulti-transmit

发Transmit TransmissiondesynchronizationleadstodegradationofsensingSunY,DingZ,DaiX,etal.Ontheapplicationofquasi-degradationtonetworkNOMAindownlinkCoMPsystems[J].IEEETransactionsonWirelessCommunications, ZhangW,ShiC,ZhouJ.Powerminimization-basedjointresourceallocationalgorithmfortargetlocalizationinnoncoherentdistributedMIMOradarsystem[J].IEEESystemsJournal,方法Regardsynchronizationerrorasaparametertobeestimated,explorethejointsynchronizationerrorandposition解耦定位估计与同步误 给出参数解耦后协作感知性能Decouplelocationestimationandsynchronization ObtainthesensingperformanceboundafterdecouplingtheFisherDecouplingofparameterstobeDecouplingofparameterstobeTarget1timedelay 同步误 SynchronizationTargetPositionestimationbasedonMulti-target多站空域信 多站时频域信Multi-stationspacedomain Multi-stationtime-frequencydomainlocation error PositionestimationperformanceboundafterparameterUpperandlowerboundsoncooperativelocalizationcapabilityafterfixingsynchronizationSynchronizationerrorestimationandeliminationNonoiseNosynchronization

收敛性能下界PerformancelowerCooperativesensingperformanceboundwithoutfixingsynchronizationConvergeCooperativesensingperformanceboundwithoutfixingsynchronizationLocalizationPerformanceapproachestheupperPerformanceapproachestheupper结论：修正同步误差后协作感知性能不再持续恶化，结论：修正同步误差后协作感知性能不再持续恶化，性能下界收敛于Conclusion:Cooperativesensingperformancecanbemaintainedbyfixingthesynchronizationerror,anditapproachesanlowerbounddeterminedbyn

LowerUpper

Synchronizationerror逼近无同步误差Approachesthe逼近无同步误差Approachesthecooperativesensingperformanceassumingnosynchronizationerror

BackgroundofPerformanceAnalysisofSensingforAprioriinformationfromsensingcanimprovecommunicationChannel,CommunicationCommunicationImprovingsensingperformancesmaydegradecommunicationHowtodeterminetheoptimalfractionofsensing

FractionofSensing maxOptimalMaximumOptimalCommunicationCommunicationFractionofsensing Sensingforcommunications:OptimalsensingtimeTime-divisionduplexsystems:Suitableforscenariosofstrongmulti-pathandlow-speedscenarios,inwhichfrequency-selectivefadingcanbeaStatus:Optimalsensingtimefractionofsensingforcommunicationsinsingle-usercasehasbeen增益增益CommunicationresourceSensingtimeSensingTotal最优感知时间占比求解OptimizethesensingtimeSensingresourceChallenge:ForK-usercase,optimalsensingtimefractionforsingle-usercaseisnolongerGlobalGlobalSum

用户1最优Optimalforuser

用户最优OptimalforuserCommunicationCommunication

Inter-usertuningindependencedoesnotSensingtimefractionamongusers,_,aretheK用户速率求 全局最优

GlobalnsingResourceSingle-userlocaloptimum≠global

Sum [1]JiangJ,XuM,ZhaoZ,etal.RethinkingtheperformanceofISACsystem:fromefficiencyandutilityperspectives[C]//ACMMobiComWorkshopISACom.HigherachievablerateHigherachievablerate→highercommunication 通信多用户权重 感知多用户权重UserkUserksensingUserkcommunicationAchievableObtaintheMU-sensingweightsbydecomposingthesumrate.Basedontheweights,furtherobtaintheglobaloptimalBayesianLowersensingaccuracy→highersensingSensingchannelChannel

Multi-usersumweightsofcommunication&sensing, Theoreticalsignificance:Tightlowerboundonoptimalsensingtimefractionofsensingforcommunicationsinmulti-user(Gbps)(Gbps)多用户最优 上

区间1：区间2：最优点：

,Conclusion:Thereexistsperformanceenhancementzoneofsensingforcommunicationsinmulti-usercase,theoptimalsensingtimefractionisdeterminedbyusers’heterogeneouscommunicationandsensingcapabilities[1]J.Zhang,S.Yanand,Conclusion:Thereexistsperformanceenhancementzoneofsensingforcommunicationsinmulti-usercase,theoptimalsensingtimefractionisdeterminedbyusers’heterogeneouscommunicationandsensingcapabilitiesSensingforcommunication:Optimalsensingspectrum频分体制：适配高速、弱多径Frequencydivisionduplexsystems:Suitableforscenariosofhigh-speedandweakmulti-pathscenarios,inwhichtime-selectivefadingcanbeachallengeConsideringtheuseofnarrowbeaminTHzband,howtomanagesensingspectrumresourcestoensurecommunication如何选择最优频谱配置方案？Howtochoosetheoptimalspectrumallocationscheme?

支持太赫兹窄波束追踪SupportnarrowbeamtrackinginTHzband通信

THz

Configuringsensing全时域感知应对 Addressingpoortemporalusingfulltimedomain

frequencydivision

感知占比Sensingrati

BandwidthforTotalsystem

THz

MaximumcommunicationSensingforcommunication:OptimalsensingspectrumConsideringmobilebeamtracking,quantifythesensingentropy,andanalyzesensing→mobility→communicationSensing→Mobility:Sensingisconsideredasanentropyreduction

Mobility→Communication:CharacterizationofmobileinformationOriginalangle

Alignmentdeviationlower

Reflectioncross

BeamgainupperAngleestimation

Coordinate

Gain

(Jensen'sNormalizedcommunication

Closed-formexpressionfortheperformancesofcommunication&sensing

RestraintRestraintEnhancementNormalizedsensing Sensingforcommunication:OptimalsensingspectrumSignificance:AcapacityupperboundonbeamtrackinginTHzFDD移动下测角协同的通信容量上界模通信数据速率CommunicationdatarateUpperboundoncommunicationcapacityofmobilesystems通信数据速率CommunicationdatarateFittingTheoreticalSensing-free

SensingSensingOptimalbeamtrackingassistedbyangle

Mobility感知数据速率Sensingdatarate

Bandwidthallocatedforsensingisdeterminedbyusers OptimalspectrumallocationforbeamtrackinginTHzFDD[1]LiuZ,YangC,SunY,PengM.Closed-FormModelforPerformanceAnalysisofTHzJointRadarCommunicationSystems[J].IEEETransactionsonWireless Sensingforcommunication:Sensing-assistedbeam空分Spacedivisionduplexsystems:Suitableforscenariosofstrongmulti-pathscenarios,inwhichbeamformingtechniquescanbeusedtoaddressthefrequencyselectivenessPerfectTraditional

部分信道状态信息PartialActual

Frequency

CarrierReceiveAir-portbeam

FrequencyHighspectrum

LowspectrumChallenges:BeamforminginTHzbandsuffersfromdispersioneffect,makingconventionalbeamformingschemesdesignedforfrequencybandlessY.Chen,etal.,“HybridprecodingforwidebandmillimeterwaveMIMOsystemsinthefaceofbeamsquint,”IEEETrans.WirelessCommun.,vol.20,no.3,pp.1847–1860, 思路：感知丢失角频信息，补偿非完备的信道状态信息Idea:SenselostangleandfrequencyinformationtocompensatethepartialLostLostchannelCSIofthereceivedChannelCompensatedLostfReceivedSensingangleandfrequency[1B(k1K1)]Receivedbeambefore

ReceivedbeamafterBeamat1(丢失

BeamBeam

Beamat k(

Beam频谱效率提升50%Spectrumefficiency[1]WangY,YangC,RenZ,etal.Sensing-AidedHybridPrecodingforEfficientTerahertzWidebandCommunicationsinMulti-UserHigh-Data-RateIoT[J].IEEEInternetofThingsJournal,2023.挑战：Challenges:Angularvelocitysensingisthekeyofcooperativebeamtracking,theperformanceofwhichisincommunication

Single-BSsensingenabledbynarrowbeaminTHzExistingangularvelocitysensing

幅值时变与角速度存在映射关系DifficultforDifficultforinformation

Receivedsignal

AngularRadar

Beamgain

Beam

TangentialSensingforSensingforcommunication:Sensing-assistedbeam

Sensingforcommunication:Sensing-assistedbeam思路：leveragethetime/spacefeaturesinreceivedsignalsandconstructa4Dparametersensingmodelofthe1Jointlyconsidersamplingandterahertzbeamcharacteristics,analyzethe4Dparameters:distance,azimuth,radialvelocity,andangular时域采 空域采Temporal SpatialBeamConstructCRBmodelfordistance-azimuth-radialvelocity-

AngularEstimateEstimatevelocityRadialAngular

(M)

Radial4DparameterRatiobetweencommunicationand Theoreticalsignificance:Capacityimprovesmostprofoundlyinthecasesofbeamtrackingassistedbyazimuthangle+angularvelocitysensingCommunicationConstructingvariancemodelforsensingcooperativecommunication,constrainingsensingcooperativebeamCommunicationWithoutWithazimuthangleWithazimuthangle+angularvelocityunbiased

保持稳定StabilizedDecreasesDecreaseswithincreasedangularWithazimuthangle+angularvelocityWithazimuthangleWithoutAngularLiuZ,YangC,PengM.Terahertz-bandSensing-assistedMobileCommunications:AFrameworkBasedonAngularVelocityEsti