2024-2025学年高中英语Unit20NewFrontiersSectionⅢLesson2Lesson3-Pre-reading学案含解析北师大版选修7

PAGEPAGEPAGE1SectionⅢLesson2&Lesson3—Pre­reading[原文呈现]PIONEERSOFSCIENCEIfyouhadtochoosethesinglemostimportantdiscoveryofthe20thcentury,youwouldhavearealdilemma①onyourhands.Injust100years,theworldchangedcompletely.Amazingdiscoveriesweremade②inmedicine,communications③andtransport,nottomention④ourknowledge⑤oftheworldandspace.Medicaladvancesranged⑥fromdiscoveringthecausesofdiseasesundermicroscopes⑦tosurgicalprocedures⑧replacingdiseasedorganswithdonated⑨ones.Communicationschangedwiththeintroductionofmobilephonesandthewaywecorrespond⑩wentfromwritingletterstoemailing.Westartedflyingaroundtheworldandmeanwhile⑪，scientistsfiguredout⑫howtosplit⑬theatom,previouslythoughttobethesmallestparticleofmatterintheuniverse⑭.Althoughitisimpossibletochoosethemostimportantdiscovery,itispossibletosingleout⑮afewpioneersofthe20thcentury.Herearefiveofthem.[读文清障]①dilemma/dI'lemə/n.逆境，进退两难的窘境inadilemma处于进退两难的境地②makeadiscovery发觉③communicationn．通讯④nottomention更不用说⑤knowledgen．学问，学问⑥rangevi.(在肯定范围内)变动，变更rangefrom...to...从……到……不等⑦microscope/'maIkrəskəʊp/n.显微镜⑧procedure/prə'siːdʒə/n.步骤；程序⑨organ/'ɔːɡən/n.器官donate/dəʊ'neIt/vt.捐赠；赠送replacingdiseasedorganswithdonatedones是现在分词短语作定语，修饰surgicalprocedures。⑩correspond/ˌkɒrI'spɒnd/vi.通信；符合⑪meanwhile/'miːnwaIl/adv.同时(＝meantime)⑫figureout弄清晰，弄懂⑬split/splIt/vi.分开，分别⑭过去分词短语作定语，修饰theatom。⑮singleout选择出，选拔出(～for/as)科学发展的先驱者[第1～2段译文]假如要选择20世纪最重要的一个发觉，你将会面对一个真正的难题。仅仅100年，世界就完全变了。医学、通讯和交通运输方面都有了惊人的发觉，更不用说我们对世界和空间的了解了。医学的进步包括从在显微镜下发觉疾病的起因到用捐赠器官替代病变器官这样的外科手术过程。通讯随着移动电话的引入而变更，我们通信的方式也从写信变成发电子邮件。我们起先在世界各地飞行，同时，科学家们发觉了怎样分别原子，而原子以前被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。虽然不行能选择最重要的发觉，但是选择出20世纪的几个先驱者是可能的。以下是他们中的5位。Oneofthe20thcentury'spremier⑯scientistswasAlbertEinstein.Inthesummerof1905,thisoutspoken⑰youngmanwasrockinghisone­year­oldbabywhen⑱hewassuddenlyinspired.“E＝mc2”wasborn.E＝mc2showedhowasmallpieceofmasscouldproduceanunbelievableamountof⑲energy.Einsteinthenshowedinhis“theoryofrelativity⑳”thatnoteventime,massorlengthareconstant—theychangeaccordingtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(21))ourexperienceofthem.Einsteinhadalreadybecomeworld­famouseq\o(○,\s\up1(22))wheneq\o(○,\s\up1(23))ayoungex­lawyer,returningfromtheFirstWorldWareq\o(○,\s\up1(24))，startedworkinCalifornia.Usingthemosthigh­poweredtelescopeofthetimeeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))，hebeganthelong,slowprocessofexploringourgalaxyeq\o(○,\s\up1(26)).EdwinHubblewasabouttomakeastronomy'sgreatestbreakthroughofthecentury.Hediscoveredsmallareasofmisteq\o(○,\s\up1(27))whichwereinfactgalaxieslikeourown,millionsoflightyearsawayfromus,whichprovedthattheuniversewasvastlylargerthanhadpreviouslybeenthought.⑯premier/'premiə/adj.最重要的⑰outspoken/aʊt'spəʊkn/adj.直言的，坦率的⑱bedoingsth.when...是固定句式，意为“正在做某事，这时……”。⑲“anamountof＋不行数名词”后跟谓语单数；“amountsof＋不行数名词”后跟谓语复数。⑳theoryofrelativity相对论eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))accordingto依照，依据eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))world­famousadj.世界著名的eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))hadjust/alreadydone...when...刚刚/已经……，这时/此时……eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))returningfrom...是现在分词短语作后置定语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))high­poweredadj.高性能的，马力大的telescope/'telIskəʊp/n.望远镜using...time是现在分词短语作方式状语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))galaxy/'ɡæləksi/n.星系eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))mist/mIst/n.薄雾[第3～4段译文]20世纪最重要的科学家之一是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦。1905年的夏天，这个直率的年轻人正在摇着他一岁大的孩子，突然灵感就产生了。“E＝mc2”诞生了。E＝mc2显示出了质量很小的物质怎样能产生出令人难以置信的巨大能量。之后爱因斯坦又在他的“相对论”中表明，甚至连时间、质量和长度也不是长久不变的——依据我们对它们的了解，它们也会有所变更。就在爱因斯坦的名字响彻世界之时，从第一次世界大战的战场回来的一个年轻律师，起先了他在加利福尼亚的工作。用一台在当时倍数最高的望远镜，他起先了漫长的对我们的星系的探究。埃德温·哈勃即将实现本世纪天文史上最大的突破。他发觉小的雾区事实上是像我们自己的一样的星系，离我们有几百万光年之远。这个发觉证明白宇宙比我们以前想象的要大得多。In1929,anotherfar­reachingeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))findingwasmadebythesonofaScottishshepherd.Beforehewentonholiday,biologistAlexanderFlemingleftadishwithbacteriainitinhislaboratory.Whenhecameback,henoticedsomethingstrange.Hedouble­checkedeq\o(○,\s\up1(29))andsawabluemouldeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))inthedisharoundwhichthebacteriahadbeendestroyedeq\o(○,\s\up1(31)).Thisbluemouldwasinfactthenaturalformofpenicillineq\o(○,\s\up1(32))，whichFlemingrealisedcouldbeusedtokillbacteriaeq\o(○,\s\up1(33)).Afewyearslater,penicillinwasbeingmass­producedeq\o(○,\s\up1(34))andhelpingtosavethelivesofmillions.Flemingremainedmodestabouteq\o(○,\s\up1(35))theamazingoutcomeeq\o(○,\s\up1(36))ofhisdiscovery.“Naturemadepenicillin，”hesaid,“Ijustfoundit.”DuringtheSecondWorldWar,whenFleming'sdiscoverywasfirsthelpingtocureeq\o(○,\s\up1(37))people,theUSNavyeq\o(○,\s\up1(38))waslookingforwaysofimprovingtheaccuracyoftheirmissileseq\o(○,\s\up1(39)).Thenavyturnedtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(40))Eckert,anengineer,andMauchly,aphysicist,towrestleeq\o(○,\s\up1(41))withtheproblemandproduceamachinetodothejob.Althoughtheyonlyfinishedafterthewarin1946,itdidnotmatter.Thishugemachinewastheworld'sfirstcomputer,butitwasnothinglikeeq\o(○,\s\up1(42))ourcomputerstoday.Itmeasured100feetlongbyover10feethighandweighedover30tonnes.With18,000tubes,thousandsofcircuitseq\o(○,\s\up1(43))and6,000switches,itusedsomuchenergythatwheniteq\o(○,\s\up1(44))wasturnedon,thelightsinthelocaltownwentout！eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))far­reachingadj.影响深远的，广泛的eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))double­checkv．再检查eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))mould/məʊld/n.霉，霉菌eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))aroundwhichthebacteriahadbeendestroyed是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))penicillin/ˌpenI'sIlIn/n.青霉素，盘尼西林eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))whichFlemingrealisedcouldbeused...是which引导的非限制性定语从句。which代替penicillin，作从句的主语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))mass­producevt.大量生产eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))bemodestabout对……虚心eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))outcome/'aʊtkʌm/n.后果，结果eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))cure/kjʊə/vt.治愈eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))navy/'neIvi/n.海军eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))missilen．导弹eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))turnto求助于eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))wrestle/'resl/vi.努力解决；摔跤；搏斗eq\o(○,\s\up1(42))nothinglike一点儿也不像eq\o(○,\s\up1(43))circuit/'sɜːkIt/n.电路eq\o(○,\s\up1(44))so...that“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。该结果状语从句中又包含了一个when引导的时间状语从句。[第5～7段译文]1929年，又一个意义深远的发觉诞生了，发觉者是一个苏格兰牧羊人家的儿子。去度假之前，生物学家亚历山大·弗莱明把一个带有细菌的盘子放在试验室里。回来时，他留意到不同寻常的东西。他再检查了一下，发觉盘子里有青色的霉斑，其四周的细菌都被歼灭了。事实上这些青色的霉斑正是青霉素的自然形态，弗莱明意识到青霉素可能被用来杀灭细菌。若干年后，青霉素被大规模生产，帮助挽救了数百万人的生命。他的发觉具有令人难以置信的成效，但是弗莱明对此很谦逊。“大自然创建了青霉素，”他说，“我只是发觉了它。”其次次世界大战期间，弗莱明的发觉第一次被用来帮助治疗人们，这时美国海军正在致力于找寻提高导弹命中率的方法。海军方面对工程师埃克特和物理学家莫克利寻求帮助来解决问题并制造一台能完成这项工作的机器。虽然他们直到战后的1946年才研制出这台机器，但这无关紧要。这台巨大的机器是世界上的第一台计算机，但是它一点儿也不像我们今日的计算机。它长100英尺，高10多英尺，重30多吨。内含18000个电子管，几千块电路板和6000个开关。它消耗的能量特殊多，以至于一开机时当地镇上的灯都会熄灭！Thesepioneersofthe20thcenturywerealldedicatedtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(45))improvingthequalityeq\o(○,\s\up1(46))ofhumanlifeonearth,butsometimesbreakthroughdiscoveriesthathaveaffectedeq\o(○,\s\up1(47))ourlivestodayhappenedbymistakeeq\o(○,\s\up1(48))！Forexample,weareallgratefulforeq\o(○,\s\up1(49))thehandymicrowaveoventhatallowseq\o(○,\s\up1(50))ustopreparemealsinminutesandwehavePercySpencertothank.Thisinventor,with120patentstohisname,discoveredmicrowaveseq\o(○,\s\up1(51))whenhewasexperimentingwithradarsandnoticedachocolatemeltingeq\o(○,\s\up1(52))inhispocket.Thereisnodoubtaboutiteq\o(○,\s\up1(53)).Withoutthebreakthroughsofthesepioneersinscienceandtechnology,whetherluckyorplannedeq\o(○,\s\up1(54))，theworldasweknowittodayeq\o(○,\s\up1(55))wouldhavebeenaeq\o(○,\s\up1(56))completelydifferentplace.eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))bededicatedtodoing致力于做eq\o(○,\s\up1(46))qualityn．质量，品质，性质quantityn．数量eq\o(○,\s\up1(47))affectvt.影响(＝haveaneffecton)eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))bymistake错误地eq\o(○,\s\up1(49))begratefulfor感谢eq\o(○,\s\up1(50))allowvt.允许allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(51))microwave/'maIkrəweIv/n.微波炉eq\o(○,\s\up1(52))notice...doing留意到……正在做eq\o(○,\s\up1(53))Thereisnodoubtabout/that...毫无疑问……eq\o(○,\s\up1(54))whetherluckyorplanned是一个省略句，补全为whetheritwasluckyoritwasplanned。eq\o(○,\s\up1(55))asweknowittoday是as引导的方式状语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(56))wouldhavebeen在此是虚拟语气的用法，前面由without短语引出含蓄虚拟条件句。从句为过去式，则主句用“wouldhavedone”形式。[第8～9段译文]这些20世纪的先驱者们都致力于提高地球上人类生活的质量，但是，有时候，影响我们今日生活的突破性发觉却是由于错误而发生！例如，我们都很感谢便利的微波炉使我们能够在几分钟之内打算好饭菜，对此我们要感谢珀西·斯宾塞。这个名下拥有120个专利权的独创家在用雷达做试验时留意到自己口袋里的一块巧克力在熔化，从而发觉了微波炉。这一点是毫无疑问的，假如没有这些科技先驱者们的突破，是否是由于幸运还是有所安排，我们今日所熟识的这个世界将会是个完全不同的世界。Pre­readingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．rescueA．orderorwayofdoingthings2．procedure B．tomakeagiftofsth.foragoodpurpose3．donateC．toexchangeletters4．correspond D．theresultoreffectofanactionorevent5．meanwhileE．toappearinaradioortelevisionprogrammeandintroducetheitemsinit6．splitF．todivide,ortomakesth.divideintotwoormoreparts7．premierG．mostimportant8．outcomeH．tosaveorbringawaysb./sth.fromdanger,loss,etc.9．cureI．atthesametime10．presentJ．tomakesomeonewhoisillwellagain1～5____________6～10____________答案：1～5HABCI6～10FGDJELead­inCanyourecognisethesescientistsinthepictures?Doyouknowtheirmajordiscoveries?Pleasematchthemajordiscoverieswiththescientists.A．madetheworld'sfirstflightB．provedtheTheoryofGravitytobetrueC．inventedanadvancedsteamengineD．wastheinventoroftelephone答案：①D②C③A④BWhile­readingFast­reading1．What'sthemainideaofParagraph1?To_mention_the_scientific_breakthroughs_in_the_20th_century./To_mention_the_most_important_discoveries_of_the_20th_century.2．Listfivepioneersinthediscoveriesaccordingtothetext.①Albert_Einstein②Edwin_Hubble③Alexander_Fleming④Eckert⑤MauchlyCareful­reading(Ⅰ)True(T)orFalse(F)．1．PercySpencerdiscoveredmicrowavesbymistake.()2．Einsteinwasatworkwhenhethoughtoftheequation“E＝mc2”．()3．ThepersonwhodiscoveredpenicillinwasAlexanderFleming.()4．Fleminghadbeenstudyingbacteriainhislaboratorywhenthediscoveryhappened.()5．DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Fleming'sdiscoveryhelpedtocureplentyofpeople.()答案：1～5TFTFT(Ⅱ)Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.PioneersofScienceInthe20thcentury,amazingdiscoveriesweremadeinmedicine,communicationsandtransport;human'sknowledgeof1.the_world_and_spacegreatlyincreased.PioneersDiscoveries/InventionsSignificanceAlbertEinsteinE＝mc2Itshowedhowasmallpieceofmasscouldproduceanunbelievableamountof2.energy.3.Theory_of_relativityItshowedeventime，massandlengthcha­ngeaccordingtoourexperienceofthem.EdwinHubble4.Galaxieslikeourown,millionsoflightyearsawayfromusItprovedthattheuniversewasvastlylargerthanhadpreviouslybeenthought.5.AlexanderFlemingPenicillinIthelpedtosavethelivesofmillions.Eckert&MauchlyTheworld'sfirstcomputerItwasproducedtoimprovethe6.accuracyoftheUSNavy'smissiles.PercySpencer7.MicrowaveIthelpsustopreparemealsinminutes.Study­readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Westartedflyingaroundtheworldandmeanwhile,scientistsfiguredouthowtosplittheatom,previouslythoughttobethesmallestparticleofmatterintheuniverse.[句式分析][尝试翻译]我们起先在世界各地飞行，同时，科学家们发觉了怎样分别原子，而原子以前被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。2．Hediscoveredsmallareasofmistwhichwereinfactgalaxieslikeourown,millionsoflightyearsawayfromus,whichprovedthattheuniversewasvastlylargerthanhadpreviouslybeenthought.[句式分析]本句中有两个which，第一个which引导限制性定语从句，其次个which引导非限制性定语从句。[尝试翻译]他发觉小的雾区事实上是像我们自己的一样的星系，离我们有几百万光年之远。这个发觉证明白宇宙比我们以前想象的要大得多。3．Withoutthebreakthroughsofthesepioneersinscienceandtechnology,whetherluckyorplanned,theworldasweknowittodaywouldhavebeenacompletelydifferentplace.[句式分析][尝试翻译]假如没有这些科技先驱者的突破，是否是由于幸运还是有所安排，我们今日所熟识的这个世界将会是个完全不同的世界。Ⅰ.阅读理解ATheideaofcloningyourpetsoundslikealaughablewasteofmoney,becauseitis.Butitstartstoseemalittlelesslaughablewhenyourownbelovedpetstartsgettingolder.IfIhadhadafewhundredthousanddollarstospare,IknowIwouldhavehalf­seriouslyconsidereditformydearlittlecat,whodiedlastyear.OnecouplethatdoeshappentohaveafewhundredthousanddollarstospareisBarryDillerandDianevonFurstenberg,whohavereportedlyclonedtheirbelovedJackRussellTerrier(akindofdog),Shannon,andnowhavetwoidenticalJackRussellTerriers,namedDeenaandEvita.Whenyourpetdies,youjustwantyourpetback,oratleastascloseacopyasyoucanget.Soit'sreallynosurprisethatofthearound600dogsclonedbySooamBiotechResearchFoundationmostwereclonedforsadpetowners.ThelabinSeoul,SouthKorea,isnowtheonlyplaceontheplanetinthebusinessofcloningpetdogsforowners.But,infact,thetechnologywon'tgiveyouyourpetback.Theredon'tyetappeartobeanystudiesonthebehaviorofclonedpets,butresearchonclonedcowsandpigshassofarshownmarkeddifferencesinbehaviorandevenlooksinclonedanimals.TheDNAisexactlythesame,buttherearestilldifferencesinpersonalityandappearance.EvenifDillerandvonFurstenburgraisetheirnewdogsintheexactsameenvironmentintheexactsamewaythattheyraisedShannon,thenewdogswillstillbehavedifferently.“Thepromiseofpetcloningisthatyourclonedpetisgoingtobehaveandlookliketheoneyoualreadyhave—andthatwillnotbethecase，”saidProfessorJorgePiedrahitaatN．C.State.“We'veclonedanimalsthatwereraisedinthesameenvironment,buttheystilldidn'tactthesame.”语篇解读：本文是争论文。尽管宠物克隆技术已经比较成熟，但克隆出来的宠物并不能与原来那个一模一样。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutthelabinSeoul?A．Itwassetupbysomepetowners.B．Ithasclonedhundredsofpetdogs.C．Itchargesnothingforitsservices.D．Ithasclonedacatfortheauthor.解析：选B细微环节理解题。由其次段中的“Soit'sreallynosurprisethatofthearound600dogsclonedbySooamBiotechResearchFoundationmostwereclonedforsadpetowners.”可知，这家试验室已经克隆了几百只宠物狗。2．Whydoestheauthormentionthestudiesonclonedcowsandpigs?A．Toexplainwhyfarmanimalsarecloned.B．Todiscusswhypetcloningissopopular.C．Toshowclonedanimalsareverydifferentfromeachother.D．Toprovecloningisnotagoodwaytobringpetsfromthedead.解析：选D推理推断题。由第三段中的“butresearchonclonedcowsandpigshassofarshownmarkeddifferencesinbehaviorandevenlooksinclonedanimals.TheDNAisexactlythesame,buttherearestilldifferencesinpersonalityandappearance.”可知，作者提到关于克隆牛和猪的探讨是为了说明克隆出来的宠物会与原来那个宠物不一样，因此克隆并不是一个挽回自己原有宠物的好方法。3．Whatwillthecouplebelikelytofindoutabouttheirnewdogs?A．They'llgrowinaverystrangeway.B．They'lldisliketheirnewenvironment.C．They'llactdifferentlyfromShannon.D．They'llhavethesamepersonalityasShannon.解析：选C细微环节理解题。由最终一段中的“thenewdogswillstillbehavedifferently”可知，这对夫妇会发觉他们的克隆狗与原来的Shannon在行为举止上并不相同。4．WhatwasPiedrahita'sattitudetowardsthelab'spromiseofpetcloning?A．Hedisbelievedit.B．Hewasworriedaboutit.C．Hewascautiousaboutit.D．Heshowedmuchinterestinit.解析：选A推理推断题。由最终一段中的“thatwillnotbethecase”可知，Piedrahita并不信任这样的承诺。BIamamemberoftheYoungPeople'sChorus(YPC)ofNewYorkCity.Thechorusismadeupofchildrenaged8to18.I'vebeeninthechorusforalmostfiveyears,andIlovethecommunityof“youngartists.”Everyyear,wegiveabigperformancetoraisemoneyfortheorganization.It'sthebiggestconcertoftheyearandisheldatLincolnCenter.Alotofworkgoesintothefinalperformance.First,webeginlearningourmusic.Weusuallystartbylearningthenotes,andthenweaddthewords.Someonecomesintoteachusthemeaningandpronunciationofthelyrics(歌词)ifthewordsarenotinEnglish.Next,wememorizethewholesong,evenifweonlysingpartofit.OneofthehardestpieceswesangthisyearwasTjak！，asonginspiredbyaBalineseMonkeyChant.Ithasfourparts,eachwithadifferentrhythm.Onceweadddynamics(力度变更)tooursongstogivethemlife,it'stimetoaddchoreography.JacquieBird,thedirector,tellsustoconnectthewordswesingtoourmovementsaswebreatheandcountinourheads.Aswegetclosertotheconcertnight,therehearsals(彩排)gettougher.Sometimes,wedoaquickreview,andsometimeswesingthewholesong.Mykneesandarmsstarttoache.Butoncewegetabreakandsomefood,wecomebackfeelingbetter.Werehearseonweekendsforalmostamonthbeforehand;everymomentisimportantandworthit.Therealexcitementcomesduringtherehearsal,whenwemeetourguestartists.Thisyear,YPCinvitedMandyGonzales,AlexandraSocha,andTimeforThreetojoinus.Afterhearingthatwewouldworkwiththem,wejumpedupanddownbackstageasquietlyaswecould.Showtime！WesangwithmusicalguestsandperformeddancesthatseemedasiftheycamestraightfromaBroadwayshow.Attheendofthenight,wescreamedwithexcitementbackstage.Forallofus,pullingoffthebiggestperformanceoftheyearfeltgreat.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者讲解并描述了自己所在的合唱团一年一次的大型表演的打算工作和演出状况。5．Whyisabigperformancegivenyearly?A．TocollectmoneyforYPC.B．Topickexcellentperformers.C．Toshowkids'talentforacting.D．TocelebratethesuccessofYPC.解析：选A细微环节理解题。由第一段中的“Everyyear,wegiveabigperformancetoraisemoneyfortheorganization.”可知，每年一次的大型表演是为YPC筹集资金。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“choreography”inParagraph4mean?A．Lyrics. B．Games.C．Videos. D．Dances.解析：选D词义揣测题。由画线词之前的“Onceweadddynamicstooursongs”和画线词之后的“connectthewordswesingtoourmovementsaswebreatheandcountinourheads”可知，为了使歌曲富有活力，须要增加舞步。7．Whatexcitestheauthormostduringtherehearsal?A．Gettingarestaftertoughhours.B．WorkingwithJacquie.C．Meetingguestartists.D．Havingsomefood.解析：选C细微环节理解题。由倒数其次段中的“Therealexcitementcomesduringtherehearsal,whenwemeetourguestartists.”和“Afterhearingthatwewouldworkwiththem,wejumpedupanddownbackstageasquietlyaswecould.”可知，能结识特约嘉宾让作者感到特别兴奋。8．Howdidtheauthorfeelattheendoftheconcertnight?A．Shocked. B．Regretful.C．Thankful. D．Overjoyed.解析：选D推理推断题。由最终一段中的“Attheendofthenight,wescreamedwithexcitementbackstage.”可知，表演结束之后，作者和同伴们欣喜若狂。CWelcometotheCivicArtMuseum'sExhibitofWestAfricanArt,showingpiecesfromourcollections.BackgroundThepeoplesofWestAfrica,includingtheYoruba,theDogon,theIgbo,andtheAkan,havealongarttradition.Tribes(部落)intheareahavedevelopeddifferentstylesofartandarchitecturethataresuitedtotheclimateandavailablematerialsandbasedontheirtraditions.GalleryA:PhotographsofTraditionalWestAfricanArchitectureThissectionshowshistoricalandcontemporaryphotographsoftraditionalWestAfricanarchitecture.OfparticularinterestarethephotographsoftheDogonvillage.ThedesignoftheDogonvillageisbasedonthehumanfigure.CertaintypesofbuildingsareplacedinparticularareasaccordingtotheDogon'scomplexphilosophical(哲学上的)tradition.Forexample,themen'shousesareplacedinthe“head”ofthevillage,theleader'shouseisinthe“chest，”andthewomen'shousesareinthe“hands.”GalleryB:WestAfricanMasksTheartofmaskmakingiswelldevelopedinWestAfrica.MasksareimportanttoWestAfricantraditionsandhaveclearsocial,political,andeconomicroles.However,mostmasksarewornonlyatparticulartimesoronspecialoccasions.Forexample,amongtheDanandtheKota,certainpeoplewearspecialmaskstoshowtheirpowerwhentheyactasjudgesandpolicemenwithinthecommunity.AmongtheBambaraofMali,headdressesarewornduringplantingandharvestcelebrations.GalleryC:WestAfricanSculpturesWestAfricansculpturesaremadefrommaterialssuchasmetalorwood.Theyarebasedontribaltraditionsandarequitedifferent.TheDogonareespeciallyknownformakingfiguresoftheirancestors.Theybelievetheirancestors,calledNommo,camedownfromtheskyatthebeginningoftime.Nommofiguresareoftenshownwiththeirhandsreachingouttothesky.ThecollectioncontainsseveralwonderfulexamplesofNommosculptures.语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章介绍了CivicArtMuseum的一个展览，并对每个展览馆的展品进行了概述。9．WhatisspecialaboutDogonhouses?A．Theyareshapedlikehumanbeings.B．Theyaredesignedbythevillageleader.C．Theyaregroupedaccordingtotradition.D．Theyhavemanyphotographsinsidethem.解析：选C细微环节理解题。由GalleryA部分中的“CertaintypesofbuildingsareplacedinparticularareasaccordingtotheDogon'scomplexphilosophicaltradition.”可知答案。10．WestAfricanmasks________.A．haverecentlydevelopedB．playmanydifferentrolesC．aremainlywornatharvesttimeD．showtheeverydaylifeoftheDan解析：选B细微环节理解题。由GalleryB部分中的“MasksareimportanttoWestAfricantraditionsandhaveclearsocial,political,andeconomicroles.”可知，面具在各个领域均发挥着重要作用。11．WhatdoweknowabouttheDogonpeople?A．TheyareafraidofNommofigures.B．Theymakestatuesoftheirancestors.C．Theybelievetheywillreturntothesky.D．Theystraightentheirarmstoshowresp