2025年中考英语科普阅读理解重点题型解析与专项训练卷

2025年中考英语科普阅读理解重点题型解析与专项训练卷一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.ThefollowingsentencesareextractedfromanarticleabouttheInternet.Choosethebestanswerforeachquestion.A.TheInternetisaglobalnetworkthatconnectscomputersallovertheworld.B.ItisimpossibletoimagineourliveswithouttheInternet.C.TheInternetwascreatedinthe1980s.D.TheInternetisonlyusedforcommunication.2.Accordingtothearticle,whatisthemainpurposeoftheInternet?A.Toprovideinformation.B.Toentertainpeople.C.Toconnectcomputers.D.Tocontrolglobalaffairs.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTafunctionoftheInternetaccordingtothearticle?A.Sendingemails.B.Searchingforinformation.C.Shoppingonline.D.Travelingaroundtheworld.4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheInternet?A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Neutral.D.Critical.5.Accordingtothearticle,whatisthefutureoftheInternet?A.Itwillbecomemoreandmorepopular.B.Itwilldisappearinthefuture.C.Itwillbecomelessuseful.D.Itwillnotchangemuch.6.Thefollowingsentencesareextractedfromanarticleaboutspaceexploration.Choosethebestanswerforeachquestion.A.SpaceexplorationistheprocessofexploringspacebeyondEarth.B.TheMoonistheclosestplanettoEarth.C.TheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)isaresearchfacilityinspace.D.Spaceexplorationisonlyforrichcountries.7.Accordingtothearticle,whatisthemainpurposeofspaceexploration?A.Tofindnewplanets.B.TostudyEarth'senvironment.C.TosendhumanstoMars.D.Toexploretheunknown.8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTachallengefacedbyspaceexplorers?A.Thelackofoxygen.B.Theextremetemperature.C.Thedifficultyofcommunication.D.Thelackoffoodandwater.9.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsspaceexploration?A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Neutral.D.Critical.10.Accordingtothearticle,whatisthefutureofspaceexploration?A.Itwillbecomemoreandmorepopular.B.Itwilldisappearinthefuture.C.Itwillbecomelessuseful.D.Itwillnotchangemuch.二、完形填空（每题2分，共20分）Thehumanbodyisacomplexsystemthatismadeupofmanydifferentparts.Oneofthemostimportantpartsofthehumanbodyistheheart.Theheartisamuscularorganthatisresponsibleforpumpingbloodthroughoutthebody.Bloodcarriesoxygenandnutrientstothecellsandremoveswasteproductsfromthecells.Theheartislocatedinthechest,betweenthelungs.Itisaboutthesizeofaclosedfistandweighsabout300grams.Thehearthasfourchambers:twoatriaandtwoventricles.Theatriareceivebloodfromthebody,andtheventriclespumpbloodouttothebody.Theheartbeatsabout72timesperminuteatrest.However,theheartratecanincreaseduringexerciseorwhenthebodyisstressed.Theheartmuscleiscontrolledbyelectricalsignalsthattravelthroughtheheart.Thefollowingpassageisabouttheheart.Choosethebestanswerforeachquestion.11.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheheart?A.Toproduceoxygen.B.Topumpblood.C.Toprovidenutrients.D.Toremovewasteproducts.12.Whereistheheartlocated?A.Inthehead.B.Inthechest.C.Inthelegs.D.Inthearms.13.Howmanychambersdoesthehearthave?A.One.B.Two.C.Four.D.Six.14.Whatdoestheheartmuscledo?A.Itreceivesbloodfromthebody.B.Itpumpsbloodouttothebody.C.Itproducesoxygen.D.Itremoveswasteproducts.15.Howmanytimesdoestheheartbeatperminuteatrest?A.60.B.72.C.84.D.96.16.Whatcontrolstheheartmuscle?A.Theliver.B.Thebrain.C.Theelectricalsignals.D.Thekidneys.17.Whatdoesbloodcarrytothecells?A.Oxygenandnutrients.B.Wasteproducts.C.Water.D.Energy.18.Whatdoesbloodremovefromthecells?A.Oxygen.B.Nutrients.C.Wasteproducts.D.Energy.19.Whathappenstotheheartrateduringexercise?A.Itdecreases.B.Itincreases.C.Itremainsthesame.D.Itstops.20.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheheart?A.Toproduceoxygen.B.Topumpblood.C.Toprovidenutrients.D.Toremovewasteproducts.四、阅读理解（每题3分，共30分）Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld.Itisaseriesoffortificationsmadeofstone,brick,tampedearth,wood,andothermaterials,generallybuiltalonganeast-to-westlineacrossthehistoricalnorthernbordersofChinatoprotecttheChinesestatesandempiresagainsttheraidsandinvasionsofthevariousnomadicgroupsoftheEurasianSteppe.21.WhatistheGreatWallofChina?A.Aseriesoffortifications.B.Anaturalboundary.C.Ariver.D.Aroad.22.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheGreatWall?A.ToprotectChinaagainstinvasions.B.Toconnectcities.C.Totradewithneighboringcountries.D.Toserveasamilitarybase.23.WhatmaterialswereusedtobuildtheGreatWall?A.Onlystone.B.Onlybrick.C.Stone,brick,tampedearth,wood,andothermaterials.D.Onlywood.24.InwhatdirectiondidtheGreatWallrun?A.Northtosouth.B.Easttowest.C.Southtonorth.D.Westtoeast.25.WhobuilttheGreatWall?A.TheChinesestatesandempires.B.ThenomadicgroupsoftheEurasianSteppe.C.TheUnitedNations.D.TheWorldBank.26.WhatwastheGreatWallusedfor?A.ToprotectChinaagainstinvasions.B.Totradewithneighboringcountries.C.Toserveasamilitarybase.D.Alloftheabove.27.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheGreatWall?A.Toconnectcities.B.ToprotectChinaagainstinvasions.C.Totradewithneighboringcountries.D.Toserveasamilitarybase.28.WhatmaterialswereusedtobuildtheGreatWall?A.Onlystone.B.Onlybrick.C.Stone,brick,tampedearth,wood,andothermaterials.D.Onlywood.29.InwhatdirectiondidtheGreatWallrun?A.Northtosouth.B.Easttowest.C.Southtonorth.D.Westtoeast.30.WhobuilttheGreatWall?A.TheChinesestatesandempires.B.ThenomadicgroupsoftheEurasianSteppe.C.TheUnitedNations.D.TheWorldBank.五、单项选择（每题2分，共20分）31.Thefollowingsentencesareextractedfromapassageaboutthesolarsystem.Choosethebestanswerforeachquestion.A.ThesolarsystemconsistsoftheSun,eightplanets,andtheirmoons.B.MercuryistheclosestplanettotheSun.C.Venusisthehottestplanetinthesolarsystem.D.ThesolarsystemislocatedintheMilkyWaygalaxy.32.Accordingtothepassage,whichplanetisknownasthe"RedPlanet"?A.Earth.B.Mars.C.Jupiter.D.Saturn.33.Whatisthelargestplanetinthesolarsystem?A.Earth.B.Mars.C.Jupiter.D.Saturn.34.Whichplanethasthemostmoons?A.Earth.B.Mars.C.Jupiter.D.Saturn.35.Whatisthesmallestplanetinthesolarsystem?A.Earth.B.Mars.C.Jupiter.D.Saturn.36.Accordingtothepassage,whichplanetisknownasthe"BluePlanet"?A.Earth.B.Mars.C.Jupiter.D.Saturn.37.Whatisthesolarsystemlocatedin?A.TheAndromedagalaxy.B.TheMilkyWaygalaxy.C.TheOriongalaxy.D.TheHubblegalaxy.38.Whichplanetisknownforitsrings?A.Earth.B.Mars.C.Jupiter.D.Saturn.39.WhatistheclosestplanettotheSun?A.Earth.B.Mars.C.Jupiter.D.Saturn.40.Whichplanethasthemostintensegravity?A.Earth.B.Mars.C.Jupiter.D.Saturn.六、填空题（每题2分，共20分）41.TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworldandislocatedinthecountryof________.42.TheGreatWallwasbuilttoprotectChinaagainstinvasionsfromthe________.43.TheGreatWallrunsinadirectionfrom________to________.44.TheGreatWallwasbuiltusingmaterialssuchas________,________,and________.45.TheGreatWallisknownforits________and________.46.ThesolarsystemconsistsoftheSun,eight________,andtheir________.47.Mercuryisthe________planettotheSun.48.Venusisthe________planetinthesolarsystem.49.Jupiteristhe________planetinthesolarsystem.50.Saturnisknownforits________.本次试卷答案如下：一、选择题1.A解析：根据文章第一句“TheInternetisaglobalnetworkthatconnectscomputersallovertheworld.”可知，互联网是一个连接全球计算机的全球网络。2.A解析：根据文章第一段最后一句“TheInternetwascreatedtoprovideinformationandcommunication.”可知，互联网的创建是为了提供信息和通信。3.D解析：根据文章第二段提到的发送电子邮件、搜索信息和在线购物，可知这些都是互联网的功能，而旅行并不是。4.B解析：根据文章最后一段的描述，作者对互联网持积极态度。5.A解析：根据文章最后一段，作者认为互联网会变得更加流行。6.A解析：根据文章第一句“SpaceexplorationistheprocessofexploringspacebeyondEarth.”可知，太空探索是探索地球之外空间的过程。7.D解析：根据文章第二段最后一句“Themainpurposeofspaceexplorationistoexploretheunknown.”可知，太空探索的主要目的是探索未知。8.C解析：根据文章第三段提到的挑战，没有提到通信困难。9.B解析：根据文章整体内容，作者对太空探索持积极态度。10.A解析：根据文章最后一段，作者认为太空探索会变得更加流行。二、完形填空11.B解析：根据文章第一句“Theheartisamuscularorganthatisresponsibleforpumpingbloodthroughoutthebody.”可知，心脏是一个负责将血液泵送到全身的肌肉器官。12.B解析：根据文章第二句“Theheartislocatedinthechest,betweenthelungs.”可知，心脏位于胸部，在肺部之间。13.C解析：根据文章第三句“Thehearthasfourchambers:twoatriaandtwoventricles.”可知，心脏有四个腔室：两个心房和两个心室。14.B解析：根据文章第四句“Theventriclespumpbloodouttothebody.”可知，心室将血液泵送到全身。15.B解析：根据文章第五句“Theheartbeatsabout72timesperminuteatrest.”可知，在休息状态下，心脏每分钟跳动约72次。16.C解析：根据文章第六句“Theheartmuscleiscontrolledbyelectricalsignalsthattravelthroughtheheart.”可知，心脏肌肉由通过心脏的电信号控制。17.A解析：根据文章第一句“Theheartisamuscularorganthatisresponsibleforpumpingbloodthroughoutthebody.”可知，心脏负责将血液泵送到全身，血液携带氧气和营养物质。18.C解析：根据文章第一句“Theheartisamuscularorganthatisresponsibleforpumpingbloodthroughoutthebody.”可知，心脏负责将血液泵送到全身，血液从细胞中移除废物。19.B解析：根据文章第五句“Theheartratecanincreaseduringexerciseorwhenthebodyisstressed.”可知，在运动或身体紧张时，心率会增加。20.B解析：根据文章第一句“Theheartisamuscularorganthatisresponsibleforpumpingbloodthroughoutthebody.”可知，心脏负责将血液泵送到全身，因此其主要目的是泵血。四、阅读理解21.A解析：根据文章第一句“TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworldandislocatedinthecountryofChina.”可知，长城是世界上最著名的地标之一，位于中国。22.A解析：根据文章第二句“TheGreatWallwasbuilttoprotectChinaagainstinvasionsfromthenomadicgroupsoftheEurasianSteppe.”可知，长城是为了保护中国免受来自欧亚草原游牧民族的侵略。23.C解析：根据文章第三句“TheGreatWallwasbuiltusingmaterialssuchasstone,brick,tampedearth,wood,andothermaterials.”可知，长城是用石头、砖块、夯实土、木材和其他材料建造的。24.B解析：根据文章第三句“TheGreatWallrunsinadirectionfromeasttowest.”可知，长城从东到西延伸。25.A解析：根据文章第二句“TheGreatWallwasbuilttoprotectChinaagainstinvasionsfromthenomadicgroupsoftheEurasianSteppe.”可知，长城是由中国各朝代和帝国建造的。26.D解析：根据文章第二段和第三段的内容，长城用于保护中国免受侵略、连接城市和作为军事基地。27.B解析：根据文章第二句“TheGreatWallwasbuilttoprotectChinaagainstinvasionsfromthenomadicgroupsoftheEurasianSteppe.”可知，长城的主要目的是保护中国免受侵略。28.C解析：根据文章第三句“TheGreatWallwasbuiltusingmaterialssuchasstone,brick,tampedearth,wood,andothermaterials.”可知，长城是用石头、砖块、夯实土、木材和其他材料建造的。29.B解析：根据文章第三句“TheGreatWallrunsinadirectionfromeasttowest.”可知，长城从东到西延伸。30.A解析：根据文章第二句“TheGreatWallwasbuilttoprotectChinaagainstinvasionsfromthenomadicgroupsoftheEurasianSteppe.”可知，长城是由中国各朝代和帝国建造的。五、单项选择31.A解析：根据文章第一句“ThesolarsystemconsistsoftheSun,eightplanets,andtheirmoons.”可知，太阳系由太阳、八个行星及其卫星组成。32.B解析：根据文章第二段最后一句“TheRedPlanetisknownasMars.”可知，红色行星被称为火星。33.C解析：根据文章第三段第一句“Jupiteristhelargestplanetinthesolarsystem.”可知，木星是太阳系中最大的行星。34.C解析：根据文章第四段第一句“Jupiterhasthemostmoonsinthesolarsystem.”可知，木星拥有太阳系中最多的卫星。35.A解析：根据文章第五段第一句“Earthisthesmallestplanetinthesolarsystem.”可知，地球是太阳系中最小的行星。36.A解析：根据文章第五段最后一句“EarthisknownastheBluePlanet.”可知，地球被称为蓝色行星。37.B解析：根据文章第六段第一句“ThesolarsystemislocatedintheMilkyWaygalaxy.”可知，太阳系位于银河系。38.D解析：根据文章第六段第二句“Saturnisknownforitsrings.”可知，土星以其环而闻名。39.B解析：根据文章第七段第一句“M